Biographical Etymology of Marine Organism Names. S

The W American bivalve name Pseudochama saavedrai Hertlein & Strong, 1946 may possibly be a late tribute to the early Spanish seafarer Álvaro de Saavedra Cerón, 1490s?-1529 (close to the Marshall Island), who in 1528 travelled to the Molluccas in order to look för another lost expedition, which was sent out to find spicy herbs, which could be grown in New Spain. He was a relative of Hernán Cortés Monroy Pizarro Altamirano, 1485-1547, whom he accompanied to New Spain (Mexico) in 1526.

Prof. Dr. Armand Dieudonné Paul-Sabatier, (14 Jan. - Ganges) 1834-1910 (22 Dec. - Montpellier), French physician and zoologist from Montpellier, who founded the marine biological station in Sète. [Sabatieria Rouville, 1903, Microcosmus sabatieri Roule, 1885, Siphonoecetes sabatieri de Rouville, 1894].

Lacking information about Sabaud in the ctenophore name Sabaudia Ghigi, 1909. It may hardly be named for the Italian seaside town Sabaudia south of Rome, because this town was built during Mussolini's regime in the beginning of the 1930s.

Prof. Dr. Armando Sabbadin, (21 Dec. - Limena) 1920-, developer of laboratory culturing methods of Botryllus colonies at the Univ. of Padova, Italy, is honoured in the tunicate name Clavelina sabbadini Brunetti, 1987. He retired in 1996, but continued working almost dayly.

General Sir Edward Sabine, (14 Oct. - Dublin) 1788-1883 (26 June), participated as astronomer and naturalist in Sir John Ross's (1818) and Sir Edward Parry's (1819-20) arctic expeditions and became later President of the Royal Society [Sabinea J.C. Ross, 1835, Saduria sabini (Krøyer, 1849), Colus sabinii (Gray, 1824), Pseudoplumularia sabinae (Ellis & Solander, 1786)]. A namesake is the US ichthyologist Lorenzo Sabine, (28 Feb. - New Concord (now Lisbon), New Hampshire) 1803-1877 (14 Apr.).

The amphipod name Caprella sabineae Guerra-Garcia & Garcia-Gómez, 2003 from 600 m depth in Sagami Bay, found during Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan in 1914 is dedicated to curator Dr. Sabine Stöhr (q.v.) at the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm.

The French Professor of medicine Jean Émile Sabrazès, (12 Jan.) 1867-1943 (30 Jan.), is likely the person honoured in the myxozoan name Sphaeromyxa sabrazesi Laveran & Mesnil, 1900.

Lacking information about Prof. Dr. J.P. Sabussow (or I.P. Zabusov or H.P. Zaboussoff), 18??-19??, Russian platyhelmint researcher, who published from at least 1894 until at least 1929 [Sabussowia Böhmig, 1906]. His daughter Dr. Zvetlana I. Zabusova-Zhdanova, 1901-1980, kept on her fathers work and published about Russian freshwater and marine planarians.

Prof. Federico Sacco, (5 Feb. - Fossano, province Cuneo) 1864-1948 (2 Oct. - Torino), Italian (Torino) geologist and paleo-malacologist.

Prof. Julius von Sachs, (2 Oct. - Breslau) 1832-1897 (29 May - Würzburg), professor of botany in Würzburg.

Sachs : (see also Zachs).

Sadayoshi : (see Miyake).

Sadko in the sponge name Pseudosuberites sadko Koltun, 1966, the fish name Cottunculus sadko Essipov, 1937, the gastropod name Admete sadko Gorbunov, 1946 and the nematode name Sadkonavis Platonova, 1979 - is likely inspired by the Russian ex-seaman and sea loving composer Nikolay Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov's opera Sadko from 1898, or possibly more likely, the names may be derived from the Russian research vessel "Sadko", the name of which in their turn may have been inspired by the opera or directly by the main figur Sadko from the Novgorod fairy tale, which is bearing his name and which inspired the composer.

Lacking information about Sadkov in the foraminiferan name Quinqueloculina sadkovi (Shchedrina, 1946).

Victor Sadowsky, (7 Jan. - Brigitpol, Latvia) 1909-1990 (2 Feb. - São Paulo), Brazil elasmobranch researcher, is honoured in the S American skate name Rajella sadowskii (Krefft & Stehmann, 1974). Sadowsky was born in Latvia but his publications are in Polish language; he arrived to Brazil in 1949 and lived in Cananeia (Sao Paulo State) since 1951; he was regarded as one of greatest elasmobranch experts in the world in his epoch. [Lumbricillus sadovskyi Marcus, 1965 (Naidomorpha)] (André Trombeta, Brazil, kindly provided much of this information).

Dr. h.c. Bjarni Saemundsson, 1867-1937 (15 Apr.), Icelandic naturalist, who e.g. described a few polychaetes.

Rudi Sagarino, 19??-, Philippine fisherman with a good knowledge on shells who led to the discovery of many new species for scientists. [Calliotropis sagarinoi  Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006]. (G. Poppe kindly provided this information).

Walter E. Sage III, (17 May) 1949-1995 (2 July), US malacologist at the American Museum of Natural History, New York [Aclophora sagei Rolan & Fernandes, 1995, Striocadulus sagei Scarabino, 1995, Conus sagei Korn & Raybaudi Massilia, 1993].

Noel Saguil, 19??-, research associate at the University of San Carlos, Cebu, the Philippines. He was assistant to the Panglao Project coodinator during the Panglao Biodiversity expedition in 2004. [Vaceuchelus saguili  Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006] (G. Poppe kindly provided this information).

Carl Sahlberg, 1947-, from Indianapolis, Indiana, assisted the authors of Conus sahlbergi Da Motta & Harland, 1986, not to be confused with the Finnish entomologist Prof.Carl Reinhold Sahlberg, 1779-1860 (One of the authors, Wayne Harland kindly provided the date and location of the honoured person).

Sahlingia Warén & Bouchet, 2001 was named for Dr. Heiko Sahling, 19??-, geologist from Kiel who collected the type species.

Paul-Heinz Sahling, 1911-2002, German algae researcher.

Dr. Heinrich Sahrhage, 1892-1967, who achieved a PhD on bottom protozoans of Kieler Bucht at the Univ. of Kiel in 1915, is honoured in the name Cothurnia sahrhagei Kahl, 1933, He was the father of Prof. Dr. Dietrich Sahrhage, (21 Oct. - Hamburg) 1926-2009 (14 Dec. - Spain), who became a fisheries biologist.

Lacking information about Saint-Hilair in the nemertean name Lineus sainthilairi Ushakov, 1926. Perhaps is it Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (see Cuvier), who is honoured or possibly the French explorer of South America Augustin François Prouvensal de Saint-Hilaire, 1779-1853, who had studied zoology, botany and entomology before his six year long sojourn in Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay, where he collected and described huge amounts of natural objects after returning to Paris in 1822?

Baron Arthur d'Anthoine de Saint-Joseph, (14 Dec.) 1829-1911, French polychaete researcher, working along the Atlantic and Channel coast of France, particularly in Dinard (close to St Malo at the northern Bretagne coast). His father Fortuné Anthoine de Saint-Joseph, 1794-1853, was the son of a rich businessman in Marseille, married to a girl from Paris, Ernestine Remondat, 1807-1872, becoming mother of two children, because Arthur also had an 8 years younger sister Claire, who however died at age 15. Arthur married at 6 March 1865 to Jeanne Charlotte Clémentine de Rohan-Chabot, 1839-1929, the daughter of a duc (count) and they got twin daughters, Marie Jeanne and Anne Honorine in 1866 (21 Apr.) and Anne later married (to Baron André du Hamel du Breuil in July 1889 in Paris) and Marie Jaeanne married Baron Joseph de Lacoste de Belcastel in 1891. [Josephella Caullery & Mesnil, 1896, Polydora saintjosephi Eliason, 1920, Sabellastarte sanctijosephi (Gravier, 1906)].

Michèle de Saint Laurent, (9 Dec. - Fontaunebleau) 1926-2003 (11 July), began her work in the early 1950s (as Michèle Dechancé) at the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris on anomuran and thalassinoid decapods in collaboration with Forest (q.v.), later she became curator of Crustacea in MNHN [Gadila desaintlaurentae Scarabino, 1995].

Guillaume Camille Alfred de Candie de Saint-Simon, 1823-1???, French Malacologist.

Dr. Toshio Saisho, 1931-, Kagoshima.University, Japanese, who worked on copepod distribution.

The polyplacophoran name Leptochiton saitoi Sirenko, 2001 is honouring Hiroshi Saito, 1960-, at the National Science Museum, Tokyo, who is working on mollusks, especially polyplacophorans. The gastropod name Natica saitoi T. Kuroda & T. Habe, 1971, however, is honouring Tsugio (or Tsuguo) Saito who was in staff of the Biological Laboratory, Imperial Household, Japan. [Dr Hiroshi Saito kindly informed about his namesake T. Saito].

Minoru Saito, 193?-, major Japanese shell dealer living in Tokyo but active on shell shows world wide since around 1985. [Calliotropis minorusaitoi  Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006]. (G. Poppe kindly provided this information).

Lacking information about Sakagami in the harpacticoid name Arenopontia sakagamii Itô, 1978. Possibly this person may be the Japanese bee, wasp and bumblebee specialist Dr. Shôichi F. Sakagami, (Jan. - Chiba Prefecture) 1927-2006 (4 Nov.)-.

Lacking information about Mr, M. Sakaguchi, 19??-, of Takasago High School, Takasago, in the harpacticoid name Protolatiremus sakaguchii Itô, 1974.

Dr. Katsushi Sakai, 19??-, Japanese (Shikoku Univ.) Callianassid researcher, who has published at least from 1966 on [Paraglypturus sakaii (de Saint Laurent & Le Loeuff, 1979), Xeinostoma sakaii Tavares, 1993, Trizocheles sakaii Forest, 1987]. In 1987 he published about Tune Sakai's publications, so he may likely be his son.

Prof. Dr. Tune Sakai, (19 May - Kanade) 1903-1986 (22 Feb. - Kamakura), Nicknamed Kani-san = Mr. Crab", Japanese crustaceologist [Cancer sakaii Takeda & Miyake, 1972].

The bivalve name Pholadomya (Panacca) sakuraii Habe, 1958, the gastropod names Diaphana sakuraii Habe, 1976, the cowry name Nesiocypraea sakuraii (Habe, 1970) and the scaphopod name Polyschides sakuraii (T. Kuroda & T. Habe in Habe, 1961) are honouring Dr. Kin'ichi Sakurai, (11 Dec. - Tokyo) 1912-1993, Japanese collector, conchologist and mineralologist. Also a mineral name is in his honour.

The polychaete name Hydroides salazarvallejoi Bastida Zavala & Ten Hove, 2003 is a tribute to the Mexican polychaetologist Dr. Sergio Ignacio Salazar-Vallejo, 19??-, with major interest on Systematics of Pilargidae, Hesionidae, Opheliidae, Phyllodocidae, Amphinomidae, and Flabelligeridae, as is Sergioneris Carrera Parra, 2006. His wife Norma Emilia González. 19??-, is honoured in the name Synelmis emiliae Salazar-Vallejo, 2003. (Dr. ten Hove kindly informed about this name and Dr. Riccardo Giannuzzi-Savelli, Palermo, kindly provided the other eponyms).

The foraminiferan name Pullenia salisburyi R.E. & K.C. Stewart, 1930 may possibly be a tribute to the British bivalve researcher Albert Edward Salisbury, (24 Jan. - Putney) 1876-1964 (27 May - High Wycome), who also during his life had gathered a huge malacological library. He became a widower already during his honeymoon around 1900 and never remarried, but had great friends in several malacologists like Tomlin (q.v.), Winckworth (q.v.) (considered by him as "the greatest natural genius and the finest character had met in any walk of life") and others. One of his hobbies was the organ and his drawing room had a fair sized instrument built into it. He also invented the immersion heater. [Turritella salisburyi Tomlin, 1925, Pusinus salisburyi Fulton, 1930, Squamopleura salisburyi Leloup, 1939].

Is there a persons name Salish as eponym in the scaphopod name Pulsellum salishorum Marshall, 1980?

Lacking information about Sallas in the gastropod name Murex sallasi H. A. Rehder & R. T. Abbott, 1951 from Gulf of Mexico.

Auguste Sallé, 1820-1896, French coleopterologist, who also collected shells, is honoured in the gastropod name Terebra salleana Deshayes, 1859 and in the bivalve name Mytilopsis sallei Récluz, 1849.

Dr. Daniel Elmer Salmon, (23 July - Mount Olive, New Jersey) 1850-1914 (30 Aug.), US veterinary bacteriologist [Salmonella Theobald Smith, 1885] (David Hollombe, Los Angeles, kindly provided the first names instead of the initials)

The ostracod name Prionotoleberis salomani Kornicker, 1986 may likely be a tribute to Carl H. Saloman, 19??-, Southeast Fisheries Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, Panama City, Florida.

John William Salter, (15 Dec.) 1820-1869 (2 Aug.), British geologist and palaeontologist. He started his career in 1835, employed to help J. de C. Sowerby (q.v.) in preparing drawings and engravings for the plates of various publications. In 1846 he married Sowerby's 2:nd daughter Sally and later the same year he was appointed chief assistant to Edward Forbes (q.v.) at the Geological Survey and succeded Forbes as Geologist to the Survey in 1854, but retired in 1863.

Lacking information about Saluti in the Mediterranean and _NE Atlantic cephalopod name Octopus salutii Vérany, 1839.

Salvador : (see Pérez).

Lacking information about Salvat in the tardigrade name Florarctus salvati Delamare & Renaud-Mornant, 1965, in the gastropod name Joculator salvati Jay & Drivas, 2002 and in the octocoral name Lobophytum salvati Tixier-Durivault, 1970. There is however a Prof. Dr. Bernard Salvat, 19??-, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, who penned many articles on the molluscs of French Polynesia from at least 1970 and later. (Andrew Vik, Tampa, Florida kindly informed about Bernard Salvat).

Prof. Luitfried von Salvini-Plawen, (1 June - Wien) 1939-, Austrian zoologist at the Institute of Zoology, University of Vienna, mainly working on aculiferan worm-shaped molluscs, but also on e.g. interstitial cnidarians [Chaetoderma luitfredi Ivanov in Scarlato, 1987].

Salz : (see Bytinski-Salz).

Lacking information about Salzmann in the Gulf of Aden gastropod name Conus salzmanni Raybaudi Massilia & Rolan, 1997.

In a 1941 report on copepods from the Red Sea, Pesta named the calanoid copepod Candacia samassae Pesta, 1941 for "Frau Martha von Samassa", 1???-, "academic artist, of great value in preparing and drawing copepods." Pesta's publication used these very fine illustrations. She also made drawings of coleopterans for Kükenthal (q.v.) and may possibly be identical with an artist known as Martha Diem-Samassa? (Dr. David Damkaer kindly provided this information).

Samia in the gastropod name Conus samiae da Motta, 1982 : (see Samia Martin).

Samouelle : (see Leach).

Francis Asbury Sampson, (6 Feb. - Harrison County, Ohio) 1842-1918, US Malacologist and amateur palaeontologist.

The gastropod name Haustellum samui (E. J. Petuch, 1987) is in honour of Mr. Stephen Samu, 19??-, Palm Beach, Florida, who collected the holotype. (Dr. Riccardo Giannuzzi-Savelli, Palermo, kindly provided the information).

Lacking information about Samuel in the hermit crab name Pagurus samuelis (Stimpson, 1857).

Dr. Juan Armando Sánchez Muñoz, 19??-, Colombian marine biologist at the Department of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo (State University of New York). He is especially interested in gorgonians.

Patricio Sánchez Reyes, 1928-1999 (23 Feb. - Santiago), marine biologist from Chile.

Lacking information about Sanctipaul? in the decapod name Munida sanctipauli Henderson, 1885.

Prof. Dr. Oscar Theodor Sandahl, (9 Nov. - Hanaskede, Norra Vings församling, Västergötland) 1829-1894 (22 June - Baggensstäket), Swedish physician, MD in Lund in 1863, then lecturer at Karolinska Institutet in Sockholm, in 1873 professor of pharmacology there, founder of the Swedish entomological society and for several years president of the Swedish garden society. He travelled much in Europe and N Africa, bringing back numerous herbs and drugs. In the summer 1857 he followed his friend Sven Lovén (q.v.) to Kristineberg Marine Station, which resulted in his only marine paper, where he described Astrorhiza limicola ( and the nude form of this species as Amoeba gigantea).

Dr. Karl Ludwig Fridolin von Sandberger, (22 Nov. - Dillenburg) 1826-1898 (11 Apr. - Würzburg), German Mineralologist / Malacologist.

The gastropod names Lindapterys sanderi Petuch, 1987 is in honour of Dr. Finn Sander, 19??-, former director of McGill Univ. Marine Lab., St. James, Barbados, who collected the holotype and the name Conus sanderi Wils & Moolenbeek, 1979 must honour the same person, because in 1982, he published about a new variety of Conus centurio Born, 1780 from Barbados. (Dr. Riccardo Giannuzzi-Savelli, Palermo, kindly provided this information).

The Indian Ocean asteroid Monachaster sanderi (Meissner, 1892) and in the jellyfish name Sanderia Goette, 1886 is honouring Dr. Karl Ludwig Gotthard Sander, (9 Mar. - Antonshof, Posen, now in Poland, then belonging to Prussia) 1859-19?? (at least living in 1920), "Stabsartz" (staff physician) on board the "Prinz Adalbert", during the expedition, which e.g. collected the Sanderia medusae. He joined the German navy in autumn 1882. In 1893 he left Europe for Namibia and there and elsewhere in Africa, he worked on veterinary and medical problems and published much.

Prof. Dr. Howard Lawrence Sanders, (17 Mar. - Newark, New Jersey) 1921-2001 (8 Feb.), renowned deep sea researcher at WHOI, PhD at Yale Univ. with G. Evelyn Hutchinson (q.v.) in 1955, but before that he had studied under Zinn (q.v.) and others at the University of Rhode Island and shortly after his PhD he was appointed as Research Associate in Marine Biology at WHOI, beeing promoted to promoted to Associate Scientist in 1963 and to Senior Scientist in 1965. He in 1986 was named Scientist Emeritus. He was sorrily heavily struck by Alzheimer Decease during hist last years [Typhlotanais sandersi Kudinova-Pasternak, 1985, Bathydrilus sandersi Erséus, 1983, Gasterascidia sandersi Monniot & Monniot, 1968, Neotanais sandersi Gardiner, 1975, Dacrydium sandersi Allen, 1998, Branchinotogluma sandersi Pettibone, 1985, Eohalimede sandersi Blow & Manning, 1997, Ledella (Ledella) sandersi Filatova & Schileko, 1984, Ledella sandersi Allen & Hannah, 1989 (obviously a homonym), Nereis sandersi Blake, 1985, Waginella sandersi (Newman, 1974), Eurycope sandersi Wilson, 1982, Prionospio (Minuspio) sandersi Maciolek, 1981, Monobryozoon sandersi d'Hondt & Hayward, 1981, Triticellopsis sandersi d'Hondt, 1979, Crassibrachia sandersi (Southward, 1968)].

Sanderson : (see Sanderson Smith).

Lacking information about Sando in the coral name Fungiacyathus sandoi Cairns, 1999.

Lacking information about Sandra in the SW Indian Ocean polychaete name Tetreres sandraae Kirtley, 1994.

The brown algal name Hincksia sandriana (Zanardini) P.C. Silva in P.C. Silva Meñez & R.L. Moe, 1987 and the red algal name Erythroglossum sandrianum (Zanardini) Kylin, 1924 are named for the Italian collector G.B. Sandri, 18??-1???. Likely also the gastropod name Mangelia sandrii Brusina, 1865 is named for the same person.

Cypraea angelicae Clover, 1974 is named for the wife of Mr. George Sangiouloglou, 19??-, Greek shell collector. (Dr. Hans Turner, Casa La Conchiglia, Rovia, Switzerland, kindly corrected the spelling of his name).

The tanaid name Cryptapseudes sankarankuttyi Bacescu, 1976 and the mysid name Mysidopsis sankarankuttyi  Bacescu, 1984 are likely honouring Prof. Dr. Cheruparambil Sankarankutty, 19??-, Brazil, who has published much on crustacea. PhD in 1963 at the University of Rajasthan, India.

The Madrid polychaetologist and syllidae specialist Prof. Guiellermo San Martín Peral, (11 Jan.) 1955-, is honoured in the syllid names Exogone (Parexogone) sanmartini Ruiz-Ramirez & Salazar-Vallejo, 2001, Sphaerosyllis sanmartini Böggemann & Westheide, 2004 and also in the prosobranch name Schwartziella (Schwartziella) sanmartini Rolan & Luque, 2000.

Lacking information about Sanquer in the crab name Nepinnotheres sanqueri Mannning, 1993.

Lacking information about Sanson, 18??-1???, in the gastropod name Sansonia Jousseaume, 1892 and in a more recently described gastropod genus name Sansoniella Moolenbeek, 2008, named so because a presumed close relationship to the former genus. (Dr. Bert Hoeksema kindly provided the Sansoniella description).

Lacking information about Santosrosa in the Strait of Gibraltar amphipod name Caprella santosrosai Sanchez-Moyano, Jimenez-Martin & Garcia-Gomez, 1995.

Prof. Luigi Sanzo, (26 Oct. - Capizzi) 1874-1940 (10 Dec. - Messina), Italian (Messina) ichthyologist, is honoured in the fish names Microichthys sanzoi Spartà, 1950 and Lesueurigobius sanzi (de Buen, 1918) and in the lophogastrid name Paralophogaster sanzoi (Coifman, 1937). An Italian research vessel is also honouring his name.

Dr. Abdelfattah Mohamed Fathy Saoud, (12 Mar. - Cairo) 1967-, in the digenean names Acanthostomum saoudi Hassan, El-Aziz, Khidr & Abu Samak, 1990 and Sclerodistomum saoudi Rizk, Tanha & El-Rahman, 1996 is a higher education adviser to the Qatar Foundation for Education Science and Community Development.

Michail V. Saphonov, 19??-, White Sea Biological Station, Moscow State University, is honoured in the heliozoan name Acanthocystis saphonovi Mikrjukov, 1994. (Riccardo Giannuzzi-Savelli, Palermo, kindly provided the address)

Dr. Marina A. Saphronova, 19??-, Dept. of Invertebrate Zoology, Biological Faculty, State University of Moscow, is honoured in the polychate name Ampharete saphronovae Jirkov, 1994. (Riccardo Giannuzzi-Savelli, Palermo, kindly provided the address)

Prof. Michele Sarà, (27 Apr. - Napoli) 1926-2006, was Prof. Em. at the University of Genoa heading a group of sponge biologists. He started his career in Naples, working at the Stazione Zoologica, studying the biology and systematics of calcareous sponges and Demosponges of the area around Naples. In recent years he concentrates on the sponge genus Tethya Lamarck, 1814 [Cliona sarai Melone, 1965, Placinolopha sarai Lévi & Lévi, 1989, Reniera sarai Pulitzer-Finali, 1969, Tethya sarai Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Van Soest, 1997, Haliclona sarai (Pulitzer-Finali, 1969), Apseudes misarai Bacescu, 1981]. There is also a group of marine products from sponges entitled sarains and as Prof. Sarà also has worked on Diptera Psychodidae, the following taxon names within that family is also honouring him: Saraiella Vaillant 1971, Panimerus sarai Salamanna 1975 (Dr. Rob van Soest kindly provided this information and Prof. Sarà himself kindly sent his birth date).

Dr. Paul Benedict Sarasin, (11 Dec.) 1856-1929 (7 Apr.), and Dr. Karl Friedrich (Fritz) Sarasin, (3 Dec. - Basel) 1859-1942 (23 Mar. - Lugano), from Basel, Switzerland, were malacologists and second cousins [Tetrabotrius sarasini Fuhrmann, 1918, Melophlus sarasinorum Thiele, 1899]. Paul Sarasin was also a well known pioneer natural conservationist. Fritz was a disciple of Carl Vogt (q.v.) & Henri de Saussure (q.v.) and in the years before WWI he travelled in Ceylon, Celebes and New Caledonia together with Jean Roux (q.v.), where he also became famous for his anthropological research and took lots of photographs of the inhabitants and he shared his cousins interest in nature conservation.

Eduard Sarasin, (20 May - Geneva) 1843-1917 (22 July - Dossier), physicist, colleague of Hermann Fol (q.v.) in Geneva.

The gastropod name Dermomurex (Dermomurex) sarasuae Vokes, 1992 is a tribute to Dr. Hortensia Sarasua, 19??-, Cuban malacologist. (Riccardo Giannuzzi-Savelli, Palermo, kindly provided the connection between name and person)

Dr. Rafael Sardá, (9 Oct.) 1957-, (MBA), CSIC (National Council of Research in Spain), polychaete ecologist from Barcelona. (PhD in 1984) [Autolytus sardai Martin & Alós,1987].

Dennis M. Sargent, 19??-, a co-author of Ed Petuch (q.v.), is honoured in the gastropod name Oliva (Strephona) sargenti Petuch, 1987. (Andrew Vik, Tampa, Florida, kindly provided this information).

Jerlyn Sarino, 19??-, the Philippines. Collection manager in Conchology, Inc.  [Mitra sarinoi Poppe, 2008]. (G. Poppe kindly provided this information).

Lacking information about Sarkin in the Costa Rican gastropod name Dermomurex (Dermomurex) sarkini E.H. Vokes, 1992. Possibly, however, Edward B. Sarkin, (10 Sep.) 1938-1992 (3 Mar.), who i.a. has published on Caribbean Pectinidae.

Malcolm I. Sarmiento Jr., 19??-, the Philippines. Director of the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic resources, Manila. This organism is of a prime importance in the Philippine governement and Malcolm dedicated part of his life on the research for scientists in his country. [Mitra sarmientoi Poppe, 2008]. (G. Poppe kindly provided this information).

Dromidia sarraburei Rathbun, 1910 was named for Prof. Dr. Señor Don Carlos Sarrabure y Correa, (8 July - Lima) 1876-1943 (29 Sep. - Lima), director de Fomento, a Chilean jurist and learned person.

Prof. Dr. hc. Michael Sars, (30 Aug. - Bergen) 1805-1869 (22 Oct. - Kristiania), Norwegian naturalist, son of a German sea captain and tradesman (1765-1829) of the same name as his son and a girl from Narva, Estonia, Divert Henriche Heilmann, 1768-1844. After school days in Bergen, he graduated in theology in Kristiania to make a living, but was from early age interested in natural sciences and concentrated at first on trilobites, but published his first paper on marine animals in 1829. In Kristiania the professor of mineralology Jens Esmark, (31 Jan - Houlbjerg, near Aarhus, Denmark) 1763-1839 (26 Jan. - Kristiania), - father of Laurits Esmark (q.v.) - tutored Sars more or less daily in his home, because they had met in Bergen earlier and befriended i.a. Rasch (q.v.), C.P.B. Boeck (q.v.) and Esmark's son Laurits and collected fossils with a friend from his childhood, Johan Sebastian Welhaven, (22 Dec. - Bergen) 1807-1873 (21 Oct. - Kristiania), later to become his brother-in-law, when he in 1831 married Maren Catherina Welhaven, 1811-1898, who became the mother of 14 children, of which only 9 lived long enough to follow ther parents to Kristiania in the end of 1853 (and the last daughter Eva [See Nansen under G.O. Sars - below] being born in Kristiania); the wife took part in one of her husband's later trips to Italy. He spent some time as a teacher in Bergen from 1828 later became vicar in west Norway (parish of Kind - or Kinn - (Florø in outer Sunnfjord - some 200 km north of Bergen) in 1830, parish of Manger (vicinity of Bergen, where far later the Herdla Marine Station was founded on the island Askøy) in 1839), temporary staff professor in Kristiania (Oslo) in 1854 [Sarsia Lesson, 1843, Sarsonuphis Fauchald, 1982, Podocoryne sarsi Steenstrup, 1850, Rhizorhagium sarsii (Bonnevie, 1899), Sarsiflustra Jullien, 1903, Posterula sarsi (Smitt, 1868), Sabelliphilus sarsi Claparède, 1870, Bylgides sarsi (Kinberg, in Retzius, 1857), Laonice sarsi Söderström, 1920, Chaetopterus sarsi Boeck, in M. Sars, 1860, Myxicola sarsii Krøyer, 1856, Maldane sarsi Malmgren, 1865, Hathrometra sarsii (Düben & Koren, 1846), Luidia sarsii Düben & Koren, in Düben, 1845, Amphiura sarsi Ljungman, 1871, Ophiura sarsii Lütken, 1858, Corymorpha sarsii Steenstrup, 1854, Scytalium sarsii Herklots, 1858, possibly Arachnanthus sarsi Carlgren, 1912, possibly Parasicyonis sarsii Carlgren, 1921, possibly Deltocyathus sarsi (Gardiner & Waugh, 1938), Paraedwardsia sarsii (Düben & Koren, 1847), Scopelarchus michaelsarsi Koefoed, 1955, Actinernus michaelsarsi Carlgren, 1918, Amphianthus michaelsarsi Carlgren, 1934, Paracalliactis michaelsarsi Carlgren, 1928, Paraphelliactis michaelsarsi Carlgren, 1934, Amalthaea sarsi (Steenstrup, 1854), Scandia michaelsarsi Billard, 1905, Posterula sarsi (Smitt, 1868), Pusillina sarsi (Lovén, 1846), Thyasira sarsi Philippi, 1845, Lumbrineris sarsi Kinberg, 1865, etc.]. His part time quality work as a naturalist beside his vicarage had won admiration by European zoologists and e.g. Oken (q.v.) suggested that he should get an academic position in Copenhagen or Kristiania. A research grant in 1837 made it possible for him to travel in Europe and visit leading zoologists of that time, and later - in 1846 - he became honorary doctor at the university of Zurich. He was a pioneer in studies of develoment, metamorphosis and metagenesis of several marine animal groups, like Scyphozoa, Mollusca, Asteroida, Annellida, etc. He was very interested in zoogeography and the vertical distribution of animals and made several journeys along the North Norwegian coast and also to the Adriatic Sea. He also was a pioneer in exploring the deep water fauna in west Norwegian fiords by means of dredging - partly together with a very close friend, the forest ranger, gastronomer, etc. Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, (15 Jan. - Kristiania) 1812-1885 (6 Jan. - Kristiania), renowned collector and publisher of old sagas (together with the poet and minister (later a beloved bishop) Jørgen Engebretsen Moe, (22 Apr. - in a farm in Hole in Ringerike) 1813-1882 (27 Mar.)). Asbjørnsen also introduced Darwinism in Norway [Fritillaria asbjornseni Lohmann, 1909]. Father and son Sars also soon became Darwinists. Sars also collaborated with and influenced Danielssen (q.v.) and Koren (q.v.) and later he of course collaborated with his son G.O. Sars (q.v.). Father and son is remembered in the harpacticoid name Eurycletodes sarsorum Por, 1965 and possibly? in the coral name Caryophyllia sarsiae Zibrowius, 1974.

Prof. Dr. Georg Ossian Sars, (20 Apr. - Kind) 1837-1927 (9 Apr. - Oslo), very essential (mainly as a specialist on crustaceans and molluscs) Norwegian zoologist [Sarsostraca Tasch, 1969, Sarsicytheridea Athersuch, in Bate & Sheppard, 1982, Sarsinebalia Dahl, 1985, Sarsameira Wilson, 1924 sarsi Lang, 1948, Doloria sarsi Kornicker, 1987, Acmostomum sarsi Jensen, 1878, Lycenchelys sarsii (Collett, 1871), Bradycalanus sarsi (Farran, 1939), Pareuchaeta sarsi (Farran, 1909), Stenothocheres sarsi Hansen, 1897, Monstrillopsis sarsi Isaac, 1974, Halectinosoma sarsi (Boeck, 1872), Porcellidium sarsi Bocquet, 1948, Alteutha sarsi Monard, 1935, Orthopsyllus sarsi Klie, 1941, Paranannopus sarsi Lang, 1936, Enhydrosoma sarsi (T. Scott, 1905), Sarsocletodes Wilson, 1924, Sarsinebalia Dahl, 1985, Sarsiella Norman, 1869, Eusarsiella Cohen & Kornicker, 1975, Sabinea sarsii Smith, 1879, Munida sarsi Huus, 1935, Dactylamblyops sarsi (Ohlin, 1901), Normanion sarsi Stebbing, 1906, Anonyx sarsi Steele & Brunel, 1968, Tryphosella sarsi Bonnier, 1893, Gitana sarsi Boeck, 1871, Ampelisca sarsi Chevreux, 1887, Bathyporeia sarsi Watkin, 1938, Apherusa sarsii Shoemaker, 1930, Leptamphopus sarsi Vanhoeffen, 1897, Petalosarsia Stebbing, 1893, Diastylis rathkei sarsi Norman, 1905, Boreonymphon ossiansarsi Knaben, in Just, 1972, Tachidiopsis sarsi Bodin, 1967, Phyllothalestris sarsi Sewell, 1940, Fultonia sarsi (Smirnov, 1946), Ectinosoma sarsi Boeck, 1872, Sabelliphilus sarsi Claparède, 1870, Zaus sarsi Nicholls, 1942, Diarthrodes sarsi (A. Scott, 1909), Paranannopus sarsi Lang, 1936, Gitanogeiton sarsi Stebbing, 1910, Gregorioscala sarsii (Kobelt, 1903), Dorymenia sarsii Koren & Danielssen, 1877, Parasicyonis sarsi Carlgren, 1921, Henryhowella sarsi (G.W. Müller, 1894), Macrocypria sarsi (G.W. Müller, 1912), Euaugaptilus sarsi Grice & Hulsemann, 1965, Bathypontia sarsi Grice & Hulsemann, 1965, Lucicutia sarsi Hulsemann, 1966, Amallothrix sarsi Rose, 1942, Heteramalla sarsi Roe, 1975, Eusiroides sarsi Chevreux, 1900, Jaera sarsi Valkanov, 1936, Cyclaspoides sarsi Bonnier, 1896, Skenea ossiansarsi Warén, 1991, Aclis sarsi Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1912, Beringius ossiania Friele, 1879, Coryphella sarsi Friele, 1902, Propebela sarsii (Verrill, 1880), Scalpellum sarsi Withers, 1922, Bathya sarsi (M'Intosh, 1885), Amphicteis sarsi M'Intosh, 1885, Stylomesus sarsi Merrill & Poore, 2003 etc.], son of Michael (q.v.) and via his sister (the romance singer) Eva, 1858-1907, brother-in-law of the myzostomidologist Prof. Dr. Fridtjof Nansen, (10 Oct. - Hof Mellon-Frøen (close to Oslo)) 1861-1930 (13 May - Lysaker), who started his career in 1882 as curator at the Bergen Museum. Nansen's PhD in 1888 dealt with the nervous system of Myxine glutinosa and the same year he began to work at the Zootomical Museum in Kristiania (Oslo). In 1897 Nansen (after having been saved by the Jackson-Harmsworth expedition close to Franz Josef Land when he and his follower Hjalmar Johansen's had tried to walk to the North Pole during 3 years) became professor of zoology in Kristiania after having published his last paper in this field in 1894 and having changed direction to physical oceanography (in 1908 the professorship was renamed oceanography), but during the union crisis (with Sweden) - and during world war I - he was politically engaged and involved in succour and assistance actions [Mesaiokeras nanseni Matthews, 1961, Oecidiobranchus nanseni Just, 1980, Onisimus nanseni (G.O. Sars, 1900), Clathrina nanseni (Breitfuss, 1896), Pyramimonas nanseni Braarud, Spicipes nanseni Grice & Hulsemann, 1965, Janirella nanseni Bonnier, 1896]. Regarding G.O. Sars, see also Boeck.

Lacking innformation about Sarti in the Madagascar gastropod Conus sartii Korn, Niederhoefer & Bloecher, 2001.

The South American polychaete name Iphitime sartorae Paiva & Nonato, 1991 is named for Dr. Silvia Maria Sartor, 19??-, a Brazilian Oceanographer, "who found and gave us the studied specimens". (André Trombeta, Brazil, kindly provided Dr. Sartor's profession and nationality).

Lacking information about Sasaki in the Lucernarian name Sasakiella Okubo, 1917. Possibly Madoka Sasaki, 18??-1927, who produced a monograph on Japanese Cephalopods in 1929 [Sebastodes (Primnospina) sasakii Tanaka, 1916,, Octopus sasakii Iw. Taki, 1942, Sepia sasakii Wakiya & Ishikawa, 1921] or the zoologist Chûjirô Sasaki, 1857-1938.

The Japanese "gephyrean" researcher (during the 1930s) Dr. Hayao Sato, 18??-19?? (before 1974), is honoured in the sipunculann genus name Satonus Stephen & Edmonds, 1972. A partial namesake, Dr. Tadao Sato, 1887-1984, described some new calanoid copepods from the Hokkaido area in 1913 (and later the enigmatic pterobranch Atubaria heterolopha T. Sato, 1936).

Lacking information about the collector W. Sattler in the Brazilian nematode name Kinonchulus sattleri Riemann, 1972.

Neocentrophyes satyai Higgins, 1969 is honouring the Liaison Officer for the US Program in Biology, IIOE (International Indian Ocean Expedition), Prof. Dr. T.S. Satyanarayna Rao, 19??-, respectfully and affectionately called "Satya" by his many friends.

Lacking information about E. Sauerbrey, who in 1928 published a German paper on marine ciliates, in the ciliate names Strombidium sauerbreyae Petz & al., 1995 & Strombidium sauerbreyae Kahl, 1932.

Miss Jane Saul, (5 Dec.) 1807-1895 (2 Sep.), British female shell cabinet owner, described as "an amiable and liberal collector" by Gaskoin (q.v.), who named a cowry species - Palmadusta. saulae (Gaskoin, 1843) in her honour [Schizodesma sauliae Gray, Chicoreus (Triplex) saulii (Sowerby 1834), Ocenebra sauliae L. A. Reeve]. A later namesake is the ichthyologist William G. Saul, (30 June - Lancaster, Pennsylvania) 1944-, formerly at the Academy of Natural Science, Philadelphia.

Louis Félicien (Félix)-Joseph Caignart de Saulcy, (19 Mar. - Lille) 1807-1880 (4 Nov. - Paris), a French archaeologist and amateur malacologist. He is perhaps best known for his excavations of the “Tombs of the Kings” in Israel in the 1850s. Theodoxus saulcyi Bourguignat, 1852 was described from specimens collected by F. de Saulcy during a four-year expedition to Greece, Syria, Palestine, and “…alias remotissimas regions” [other remote regions]. (Thomas E. Eichhorst kindly provided this information).

Anisoradsia saundersi Ashby, 1918 from Gulf of St. Vincent, was named for Frank Lionel Saunders, 1887-19??, South Australian shell collector.

The brown algal genus Saundersella is likely named for De Alton Saunders, 1870-1940, although there are two other persons, Dr. Gary W. Saunders (still active at Univ. og New Brunswick) and R.D. Saunders, who also have published on algae.

Lacking information about Saunders in the amphipod name Seba saundersii Stebbing, 1875. There are several zoologists by this name, e.g. Edward Saunders, (Wandsworth) 1848-1910, mainly entomologist, William Wilson Saunders, (4 June) 1809-1879 (13 Sep.), insurance broker, entomologist and botanist and the entomologist Sir Sidney Smith Saunders, 1809-1884.

Dr. Henri Louis Frédéric de Saussure, (27 Nov. - Geneva) 1829-1905 (20 Feb. - Geneva), working at the Geneva Museum, wrote i.a. "Mémoire sur divers crustacés noveaux des Antilles et du Mexique." Mém. Soc. Physique Hist. Nat Genève, vol 14, P. 2: 417-96 & plates 1-6. after his trip to the West Indies, Mexico & USA in 1854-56 [Bathymedon saussurei (Boeck, 1871)].

Henri Émile Sauvage, 1842-1917, French naturalist, who published on fishes [Pseudanthessius sauvagei Canu, 1892].

Prof. Camille Sauvageau, 1861-1936, French algologist. [Sauvageaugloia G. Hamel, ex Kylin, 1940].

Lacking information about S. N. Saveljev, 18??-19??, in the nematode names Saveljevia Filipjev, 1927, Pseudoncholaimus saveljevi (Filipjev, 1927), Cyatholaimus saveljevi Allgén, 1933 & Pseudocella saveljevi (Filipjev, 1927). Savaljev published on nematodes during the first decades of the 20:th century.

Prof. Paolo Savi, (11 July) 1798-1871 (5 Apr.), natural history teacher at the Univ. of Pisa, Italy.

de Savigny : (see Lamarck).

Saville-Kent : (see Kent).

Lacking information about Savin(i) in the green algal name Cladophora saviniana Børgesen, 1948, but possibly a tribute to colonel L. Savin, 1???-19??, (his malacological collection gived to Museum of Lyon). (Cédric Audibert, Muséum, CCEC, Lyon, kindly provided the suggestion about the honoured person).

di Savoia : (see Cavalli-Molinelli).

The polyclade name Notoplana sawayai Marcus, 1947 is a tribute to Prof. Dr. Paulo Sawaya, (11 Sep.) 1903-1995 (29 Oct.), Brazilian marine zoophysiologist. There are several other eponyms honouring him, like: Smittipora sawayai Marcus, 1937; Achelia sawayai Marcus, 1940; Dero (Dero) sawayai Marcus, 1943; Aclosoma sawayai Marcus, 1944; Slavina sawayai Marcus, 1944; Microdalyella sawayai Marcus, 1946; Therezopolis sawayai Soares, 1946; Eurystomima sawayai Gerbach, 1954; Isocheles sawayai Forest & St.Laurent, 1967; Arcturella sawayai Moreira, 1973; Guaranidrilus sawayai Righi, 1973 and genus Sawayella Marcus, 1939 of protozoans; (André Trombeta, Brazil, kindly provided this information).

The gastropod name Epitonium sawinae (Dall, 1903) is honouring Mrs. Lillie J. Fancher Sawin, 1848-1934, who together with her mother (see Fancher) - both widows living on Santa Catalina Island, in some unspecified way aided Herbert N. Lowe (q.v.) and John H. Paine (q.v.) in collecting specimens from Santa Barbara Channel, near Avalon, Catalina Island subsequently studied by Dall, and Paine asked Dall to name a species each after these ladies. (David Hollombe, Los Angeles, kindly provided this information).

The marine leeches Bathybdella sawyeri Burreson, 1981 and Nototheniobdella sawyeri Utevsky, 1993 and possibly the amphipod species Eohaustorius sawyeri Bosworth, 1973 are named for the US Dr. Roy T. Sawyer, 19??-, who is involved in farming leeches in Swansea, Wales.

Say : (see Lesueur).

Prof. Archangelo D. Scacchi, (8 Feb. - Gravina di Puglia, Bari) 1810-1893 (11 Oct. - Napoli), Italian malacologist, professor in Napoli (Naples) [Pollia scacchiana (Philippi 1844), Scacchia Philippi, 1844].

Dr. Robert Francis Scagel, 1921-, North American Pacific algae researcher, at the Univ. of British Columbia [Scagelia Wollaston, 1972, Scagelothamnion].

The US Navigator, whaler and author about marine mammals Charles Melville Scammon, (28 May - Pittston, Maine) 1825-1911 (2 May), is likely the person honoured in the bivalve name Liocyma scammoni Dall, 1871 [Globicephala scammoni Cope, 1869, Cyamus scammoni Dall, 1872].

Victor Scarabino, (14 Apr. - Montevideo, Uruguay) 1945-, malacologist, working on e.g. scaphopods. He has worked in Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales in Montevideo on scaphopods molluscs, but moved to Paris during the 1990s working in UNESCO where he has a position, but is still also working at the MNHN on scaphopods molluscs. His wife Cecilia Valdes, 1965-, is honoured in Compressidentalium ceciliae Scarabino, 1995, his son Fabrizio Scarabino, 1980-, is honoured in the scaphopod name Bathycadulus fabrizioi Scarabino, 1995 and in the gastropod name Epitonium fabrizioi Pastorino & Penchaszadeh, 1998, his son Martin Scarabino, 1992-, is honoured in the scaphopod name Cadulus martini Scarabino, 1995, his daughter Florencia Scarabino, 1975-, in Cadulus florenciae Scarabino, 1995 and his daughter Sofia Scarabino, 1990-, in Cadulus sofiae Scarabino, 1995. (Dr. Métivier, MNHN, Paris, kindly provided this information).

Guiseppe Scarabelli, (15 Sep. - Imola) 1820-1905 (28 Oct. - Imola), naturalist and geologist in Pisa, Italy.

Dr. Orest Alexandrovich Scarlato, (21 Aug. - Novorzhev) 1920-1994 (13 Oct. - Darmstadt, Germany), Russian malacologist, entomologist and academician. He used to name some mollusc species after his favourite grand daughter Olga Sergeevna Scarlato, 1980-, a second year student of the Department of International Relations of St.Petersburg University. Orest always spelled his name SCarlato, while his son, Sergei, who is a protozoologist, decided to spell himself with K SKarlato, just to be easily distinguished from his father. The girl Olga has yet no spelling of her own. [Ophryotrocha scarlatoi Averincev, 1989, Macoma scarlatoi Kafanov & Lutaenko, 1997, Trophonopsis scarlatoi Golikov & Sirenko, 1992]. (Dr. Olga I. Raikova at St. Petersburg University kindly provided this information).

Dr David J. Scarratt, 19??-, Univ. College of Wales, Aberystwyth, is honoured in the nematod name Cyatholaimus scarratti Inglis, 1961.

Michael Stephen Schaadt, (15 Mar. - Long Beach, California) 1954-, Exhibits Director at the Cabrillo Marine Aquarium.

Lacking information about D. F. Schaap, 18??-, governor of Celebes, in the fish name Callionymus schaapii Bleeker, 1852.

Lacking information about Schaefer in the diatom name Fallacia schaeferae (Hustedt, 1961-66) D.G. Mann in Round & al, 1990.

Dirk van der Schalk, 1796-1847, Dutch Malacologist.

Prof. Dr. Carl Fredrik Christoffer Schander, (21 May - Hallstavik) 1960-, Swedish zoologist; dissertation in Göteborg (Gothenburg), 1997 on gastropod (fam. Pyramidellidae) taxonomy [Pyramidella (Longchaeus) schanderi van Aartsen, Gittenberger & Goud, 1998]. Turbonilla carlottoi Schander, 1994 a tribute to his father Carl-Otto Schander, 19??-, "who originally got me interested in marine life". He moved to a professorship in Bergen, Norway in January 2004..

Scharff : (see Jane Stephens).

Prof. Dr. Friedrich (Fritz) Richard Schaudinn, (19 Sep. - Roseningken) 1871-1906 (22 June - Hamburg), German zoologist, who e.g. found that Treponema pallium caused syphilis. He used himself as "laboratory animal" and died too young because of lethal pathogenes, [Rhizaxinella schaudinni Hentschel, 1929, Schaudinnia F.E. von Schulze, 1900, Aplidium schaudinni Hartmeyer, 1903, Tolypammina schaudinni Rhumbler, 1904].

Professor Dr Hugo Hermann Schauinsland, (30 May - Rittergut Dedawe) 1857-1937 (5 June - Bremen), Director of Bremen Übersee Museum, collected in New Zealand 1896-97. His name is immortalised in the name of the Hawaiian Monk Seal Monachus schauinslandi, as well as numerous smaller critters [Placophoropsis schauinslandi J. Thiele, 1909, Microcelis schauinslandi Plehn, 1899].

The Australian ophiuroid name Ophionereis schayeri Müller & Troschel, 1844, one of the largest species in the area, is likely a tribute to Adolf Schayer, 17??-18??, from Berlin, who served in Tasmania during 1823-1843, and collected and sent natural history specimens back to Germany.

Josef Schedel, 1866-1943, German Malacologist.

Dr. Georg Scheer, (17 Aug.) 1910-2004 (14 Mar.), electrical engineer. who after working as Assistant Professor in Darmstadt and later with Wernher von Braun's team developing rockets during the war, received a PhD in Biology in 1952. Taking part in two expeditions during the early 1950s together with Hans Hass (q.v.) on board "Xarifa" made coral reefs becoming his main interest and he (often together with the Kerala coral guru Dr. C. Shri Gopinadha Pillai) has published several essential papers on ecology and taxonomy of madreporarians. His base has been the Hessian State Museum [Merulina scheeri Head, 1983].

Diaptomus schefferi Wilson, 1953 was named for Dr. Victor Blanchard Scheffer, (27 Nov. - Manhattan, Kansas) 1906-, US Fish and Wildlife Service, who has authored several books about e.g. marine mammals.

Lacking information about Scheffer in the bivalve name Liocyma schefferi Bartsch & Rehder, 1939. Possibly the US botanist and educator Theophilus H. Scheffer, 1867-1966, (father of Vivtor B. Scheffer above) may be the honoured person?

Dr. Wilfried Scheibel, 19??-, Zoological Institute, Univ. of Kiel, is honoured in the harpacticoid names Hastigerella scheibeli Mielke, 1975 & Pseudomesochra scheibeli Schriever, 1982.

Prof. Dr. Adolf Gustav Schellenberg, (24 Nov.) 1882-1954 (16 May), long-time systematist at the Zoological Museum in Berlin. By far the greater part of his work was with worldwide amphipods, and his best-known contributions are probably the reviews for Nordisches Plankton, Deutsche Südpolar Expedition, and Die Tierwelt Deutschlands [Ampelisca schellenbergi Shoemaker, 1933, Doropygus schellenbergi Illg, 1958, Jaera schellenbergi Kesselyak, 1938, Schellenbergia Berge & Vader, 2001]. (Dr. David Damkaer kindly provided this information).

Dr. Amelie Hains Scheltema, (26 Apr.) 1928-, at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, specialist on aculiferan molluscs (Caudofoveata and Solenogastres) [Chaetoderma scheltemae (D.L. Ivanov, 1984)], married to the plankton researcher Dr. Rudolf S. Scheltema, (26 May) 1926-, [Spinula scheltemai Allen & Sanders, 1982].

Lacking information about Schenck in the bivalve name Acila schencki Kira, ex Kuroda MS, 1955. Possibly the entomologist Adolf (Adolph) Carl Friedrich Schenck, 1803-1878, or more likely the US Malacologist Hubert Gregory Schenk, 1897-1960, because this species is likely a synonym of Acila balabacensis Schenck, 1936.

Mattheus Marinus Schepman, (17 Aug. - Rhoon) 1847-1919 (19 Nov. - Amsterdam), Dutch malacologist, working mainly on shells from the Siboga expedition [Schepmanotropis Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006, Epitonium schepmani Melvill, 1910, Argyropeza schepmaniana Melvill, 1912, Clavosurcula schepmani Sysoev, 1997, Conus schepmani Fulton, 1936]. (G. Poppe kindly provided the generic eponym).

Lacking information about Scheuten in the ciliate name Heliochona scheuteni Stein, 1854, but likely a tribute to A. Scheuten, 18??-1???, who i.a. published on mites .

Prof. Wladimir Timopheevich Schewiakoff (or rather Vladimir Sheviakov) (29 Oct. - St. Petersburg) 1859-1930 (Oct.), Russian naturalist, a disciple of Merezhkovsky (q.v.) in St Petersburg and then Bütschli (q.v.) at the Univ. of Heidelberg, PhD there in 1889 (and a 2:nd Russian PhD in St. Petersburg in 1896) , working on e.g. ciliates, mainly from fresh water, but also on Acantharea, which he collected at the zoological station in Naples. He was married to Lydia Kowalevsky, 1873-1942, 2:nd and youngest daughter of Prof Kowalevsky (q.v.). They lived in St. Petrsburg, where Schewiakoff was professor (until 1911 when he left science and became a vice-minister in the Tzar's government), but during the revolution he and his family moved first to Perm in Ural and later (in 1920) he became professor in Irkutsk.

Dr. Ulrich Schiecke, 193? (second half of the 1930s)-, Kiel, who has published on Mediterranean amphipods, is honoured in the amphipod names Maera schieckei Karaman & Ruffo, 1971, Podocerus schieckei Ruffo, 1987 & Gammaropsis ulrici Krapp-Schickel & Myers, 1979. He was one of the original group, who began to work together with Ruffo (q.v.) on Mediterranean Monographs on amphipods. He is German and studied in Kiel, making his PhD thesis in Ischia, where he developed new methods for collection when diving. He succeded to find several peracarids (amphipods and isopods) there, which he described and later also collected much material from other places in the Mediterranean for the Verona Museum. However, he never again got a job within his special field of interest and has during the around 10 latest years of his career worked in Berlin in a scientific bureaucracy work regarding water quality. (Prof. Wim Vader, Tromsø, kindly provided this information)

Cystoseira schiffneri is named for the German botanist Prof. Victor Félix Schiffner, (Böhmisch-Leipa) 1862-1944.

Prof. Franz Alfred Schilder, (13 Apr.) 1896-1970 (11 Aug.), Austrian-born, German chemist and malacologist from Halle-Sale and his wife Dr. Maria Schilder (neé Hertrich), (4 Aug.) 1898-1975 (30 July), also malacologist [Schilderia Tomlin, 1930, Margovula schilderorum Cate 1973, Lyncina schilderorum (Iredale, 1939), Cypraea tigris Linnaeus 1758 f. schilderiana Cate, 1961]. She is honoured in the cowry name Annepona mariae (Schilder, 1927) and their daughter Francisca is honoured in the cowry name Bistolida hirundo francisca (Schilder & Schilder, 1938). (Andrew Vik, Tampa, Florida kindly supplied Mrs. Schilder's maiden name).

Dr. Karl Schilke, 19??-, a disciple of Ax (q.v.) in Göttingen, who in 1970 published a large paper on Kalyptorhynchia from the German North Sea coast, later active at the Institut für die Pädagogik der Naturwissenschaften at the Univ. of Kiel [Cheliplana schilkei Noldt, 1989, Proschizorhynchella schilkei Karling, 1989].

Lacking information about Schiller in the actinian name Sagartia schilleriana Stoliczka F., 1869.

Entodictyon schilleri Schiffner, 1931 is honouring the German algologist Josef Schiller, 1877-1960.

Wladimir Schimkéwitsch : (see spelling Shimkewich).

Wilhelm Philipp Schimper, (12 Jan. - Dossenheim- sur-Zinsel) 1808-1880 (20 Mar. - Strasbourg), German-French botanist, is likely honoured in the brown algal name Stytpopodium schimperii (Buchinger ex Kützing) Verlaque & Boudouresque. A namesake, Andreas Franz Wilhelm Schimper, (12 May - Strasbourg) 1856-1901 (9 Sep.), was his son and botanist on board the Valdivia (1898-99), i.a. collecting seaweedsduring the expedition, which were treated by Reinbold (1907). W.P. Schimper's cousin Georg Heinrich Wilhelm Schimper, (19 Aug. - Reichenschwand) 1804-1878 (Oct.), who had been a draftsman for Louis Agassiz (q.v.) collected botanical items in Arabia and northern Africa, W. Schimper's brother, the poet Karl Friedrich Schimper, (15 Feb.) 1803-1867 (21 Dec.), was a naturalist as well, the first to suggest that Europe had been covered by a huge ice-cover, although Louis Agassis, with whom he had discussed this item, first printed about it.

The species name of the copepod Asterocheres corneliae Schirl, 1973 is honouring the authors wife Corry, who evidently ceremonially was christened Cornelia.

Jørgen Christian Schiødte: (see Krøyer).

Arthur Schlechter, (8 Oct. - Kamenz) 1895-1952 (26 Apr.), German Malacologist.

Hermann Schlegel : (see de Man (under Man)). A. namesake is Dr. Franz Schlegel, (Altenberg) 1822-1882, German physician and naturalist, who was a friend of the son of A E. Brehm (q.v.) and became the first Director of the Breslau Zoo. The Royal penguine name Eudyptes schlegeli Finsch, 1876 is named for H. Schlegel.

Johann Christoph Schleicher, (Hofgeismar, Hessen-Nassau) 1768-1834 (27 Aug. - Bex), Swiss pharmacist / botanist [Vaucheria schleicheri De Wildeman].

Dr. Erika Schlenz, 19??-, Univ. of São Paulo, Brazilian sea anemone researcher [Amphicorina schlenzae Nogueira & Amaral, 2000].

Dr. Hans Schlesch, 1891-1962, Danish malacologist [Schleschia Strand, 1932].

Prof. Michael H. Schleyer, 19??-, Tel Aviv Univ., is honoured in the octocoral name Sinularia schleyeri Benayahu, 1993.

Dr. Jur. Wilhelm Richard Schlickum, 1906-1979, German Malacologist.

Johan(nes) Albert(us) Schlosser, 17??-1769, Dutch doctor of medicine, naturalist (owner of a 'Wunderkammer' , i.e. natural history cabinet) and collector of natural history objects, who in 1756 described a species, probably identical with the one, which later became known as Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas, 1766) - using the name Alcyonium carnosum - and then again in 1757, together with John Ellis, (q.v.). Later, he published a work in German on corals (together with Ellis and Baster (q.v.)) in Nürnberg 1767 and in 1768 he published in Dutch on a species of Lacerta from Amboina in Amsterdam. After his death a number of the specimens in his collections were described by his friend the Dutch physician and naturalist Pieter Boddaert, (26 May - Middelburg) 1733-1795 (6 May - Utrecht), at the Univ. of Utrecht, the father of the more well-known Pieter Boddaert Junior, (Oct. - Utrecht) 1766-1805 (9 Mar. - Amsterdam), author of erotic poems. (A person named Johan Albert Schlosser, born 1673, was a merchant in the Netherlands East Indian Company, living partly on the small island Onrust close to Batavia (Jakarta) when he was young. This German sounding name must have been unusual in the Netherlands during that time, so there is perhaps a possibility, that he may be identical with the doctor above, but in that case he must have changed career when returning to the Netherlands and become very old. The only son of the merchant and his wife Cornelia Elisabeth van der Woert (born ca 1679), named Willem Hendrik Schlosser, 1705-1753, (who was born in Batavia) seated in Utrecht, where at least Boddaert - the friend of the Dr - lived, so perhaps that may be an indication that also his father lived there and may have been identical with Dr. Schlosser, who - when describing the Lacerta - dedicated the publication to Ferdinand Dejean, (Bonn) 1731-97 (23 Feb. - Wien), "heelmeester", i.e. surgeon in Batavia, so an earlier connection with that place is not improbable. (Dr. Dejean is likely most known nowadays to have commissiond W.A. Mozart to compose several flute concertos, because Dejean was a passionate music lover and an amateure flute player). However Dr. Schlosser corresponded with Linnaeus not from Utrecht, but from Amsterdam).

Charles Schlumberger, 1825?-1905? (a notice necrologique was published in 1906), published (in French) on foraminiferans during 1883-1905 [Sigmoilopsis schlumbergeri (Silvestri, 1904), Quinqueloculina schlumbergeri (Wiesner, 1923)].

Philipp Bernhard Schmacker, 1852-1896, German Malacologist, working in China. His collection ended up in Bremen.

Dr. Ludwig Karl Schmarda, (23 Aug. - Olmütz (today in Tchechia)) 1819-1908 (7 Apr. - Wien), (PhD in Olmütz in 1841) from Austria published in 1861 a work dealing with animals collected during a private circumnavigation 1853-57. Schmarda had "hitch-hiked" around the world with different sailing vessels. Between South Africa and Australia he experienced very bad weather, seasickness and a mixture of diseases (e.g. scurvy). In Chile, all his collections made to that point was destroyed in a fire and in Panama he was robbed, but despite these drawbacks, he kept publishing the results of his collections from this long trip [Paleanotus schmardai S.A. Mileikovsky, 1961, Nicolea schmardai Holthe, 1986, Terebella schmardai Day, 1934].

Prof. Franz Otto Schmeil, (3 Feb. - Grosskugel) 1860-1943 (3 Feb. - Heidelberg), Professor in Halle, zooplankton researcher, who wrote several papers during the 2 last decades of the 19:th century. He is remembered in the fresh water harpacticoid names Moraria schmeili van Douwe, 1903 and Paracamptus schmeili (Mrázek, 1894).

Dr. Johann Dietrich Eduard Schmeltz, (19 May - Hamburg) 1839-1909 (26 May), was director of the Museum Godeffroy in Hamburg between 1861-82. The zoological collections in this museum was sold to the Zoological Museum of Hamburg in 1886 after the Godeffroy company had come into financial trouble [Heterocucumis godeffroyi (Semper 1868), Pegantha godeffroyi (Haeckel, 1879), Euapta godeffroyi, Siphonogorgia godeffroyi Kölliker, 1874]. In 1882 Schmeltz was appointed curator at the Ethnological Museum (Rijksmuseum voor Volkenkunde) in Leiden, becoming its director in 1897, staying in Leiden for the rest of his life [Leptosquilla schmeltzii (A. Milne Edwards, 1873), Sclerobelemnon schmeltzii Kölliker, 1872].

Dr. Günter Schmid, 1933-, German Malacologist.

Prof. Casimir Christoph(er) Schmidel, (21 Nov.) 1718-1792 (28 Dec.), Professor of medicine and botanical text writer, is honoured in the asteroid name Culcita schmideliana (Retzius).

Adolf Schmidt, 1806-1889, German Malacologist.

Friedrich Christian Schmidt, 17??-18??, German Malacologist.

Peter Schmidt, 19??-, German marine ecologist, published on ecology of marine meiofauna in Kiel Bay and the Troms area (N Norway) in 1972 [Mesochra schmidti Mielke, 1974, likely Cletocamptus schmidti Mielke, 2000].

Prof. Eduard Oscar Schmidt, (21 Feb. - Torgau) 1823-1886 (17 Jan. - Kappelrodeck; stroke), German zoologist, who started working with rhabdocoel platyhelminths (also protozoans, rotiferans and brachiopods) having been inspired by his teachers Ehrenberg (q.v.) & Johannes Müller (q.v.), but succesively directed his interest into sponges; he was professor in Kraków from 1855, Graz from 1857 and Strassburg from 1872, helmintho- and spongiologist; wrote about sponges in the Adriatic Sea, later (1870) in the Atlantic. Although sponges take up only 32 of his total of 90 scientific publications, there are among them impressive monographs, notably the four on Mediterranean sponges (Schmidt, 1862, 1864, 1866 and 1868, all done in the Graz period), the Atlantic review (1870) and the deep-water Caribbean sponges (1879,1880). Although his descriptions are tantalizingly short, he had a great talent for recognizing natural relationships. His classification system inspired later workers. Schmidt's material is extant in many musea (see Desqueyroux-Faúndez and Stone, 1992) [Agelas schmidti Wilson, 1902, Aplysinopsis schmidti (Marenzeller, 1877), Cliona schmidti (Ridley, 1881), Craniella schmidti Sollas, 1886, Crella schmidti Ridley, 1884, Dunstervillia schmidti Haeckel, 1870, Esperiopsis schmidti Arnesen, 1903, Eumastia schmidti Dendy, 1895, Jereopsis schmidti Sollas, 1888, Leptosia schmidti Topsent, 1898, Oscarella Vosmaer, 1887, Oscaria Vosmaer, 1885, Oscarellidae Lendenfeld, 1889, Pachychalina schmidti Lundbeck, 1902, Pellinula schmidti Czerniavsky, 1880, Schmidtia Balsamo-Crivelli, 1869, Sycandra schmidti Haeckel, 1872, Tetilla oscari Lendenfeld, 1903, Thenea schmidti Sollas, 1886, Tribrachium schmidti Weltner, 1882, Vomerula schmidti Carter, 1874, possibly Sertularia schmidti Kudelin, 1914, Lissodendoryx (Waldoschmittia) schmidti (Ridley, 1884), Praeconvoluta schmidti Faubel, 1977, Hyale schmidti (Heller, 1866), possibly Adula schmidti von Schrenck, 1867]. Also Schmidt's larva is named for him. (Dr. Rob van Soest kindly provided most of this information).

Lacking information about Schmidt in the diatom name Cocconeis schmidtii Heiden in Heiden & Kolbe, 1928, but possibly a tribute to E.O. Schmidt (above) or to some of the algae workers Adolf Wilhelm Ferdinand Schmidt, 1812-1899, German, mainy occupied by diatoms or Otto Christian Schmidt, 1900-1951, German, mainly lichenologist.

Dr. Ernst Johannes Schmidt, (2 Jan. - Jaegerspris) 1877-1933 (21 Feb.), Danish zoologist (originally botanist - PhD in 1903), who solved the problem regarding the origin of the European eel and he was the leader of several expeditions with "Thor" and the circumnavigation with "Dana". Already in 1899 he had followed Dr. Mortensen (q.v.) in an expedition to Thailand and during 1901-02 he assisted Petersen (q.v.) [Heteromesus schmidtii Hansen, 1916, Syngnathus schmidti Popov, 1927, Lepidion schmidti Svetovidov, 1936, Eustomias schmidti Regan & Trewavas, 1930, possibly Sertularia schmidti Kudelin, 1914, Mastigoteuthis schmidti Degner, 1925, Pteroctopus schmidti (Joubin, 1933), Lophogaster schmidti (Stephensen, 1915)].

Lacking information about Schmidt in the NW Pacific skate name Okamejei schmidti (Ishiyama, 1958), possibly, but perhaps not likely a tribute to the US herpetologist Karl Patterson Schmidt, (19 June - Lake Forest, Ill.) 1890-1957 (26 Sep. - Chicago), who died from a bite of a boomslang Dispholidus typus without getting medical treatment.

Dr. Robert William Schmieder, (10 July - Phoenix, Arizona) 1941-, atomic physicist at Sandia National Laboratories. He is also head of Cordell Expeditions, an independent nonprofit research group dedicated to exploration and documentation of Pacific islands, seamounts and reefs and is also the owner and operator of the research vessel used, the "Cordell Explorer" [Megalomphalus schmiederi McLean in McLean & Gosliner, 1996, Codium schmiederi, Erylus schmiederi Austin, 1996, Pharia pyramidata schmiederi Hendler, 1996].

Prof. Dr. Ernst Theodor Schmierer, (16 June) 1879-1953 (10 July), German Malacologist.

Dr. Waldo LaSalle Schmitt, (25 June - Washington, D.C.) 1887-1977 (5 Aug.), PhD at George Washington Univ. in 1922, U.S. crustaceologist at the U.S. National Museum of Natural History [Discorsopagurus schmitti (Stevens, 1925), Waldoschmittia De Laubenfels, 1936, Waldoschmittia MacCulloch, 1977, Califia schmitti (Pettibone, 1957), Sacculina schmitti Boschma, 1933, Microdeutops schmitti Shoemaker, 1942, Penaeus schmitti Burkenroad, 1934, Waldola Holthius, 1951 schmitti Holthuis, 1951, Themiste schmitti (Fisher, 1952), Epicalymma schmitti Heron, 1977, Waldotheres Manning, 1993, Turbonilla schmitti Bartsch, 1917, Acropora schmitti Wells, 1950, Austrolepidopa schmitti Efford & Haig, 1968, Idotea schmitti (Menzies, 1950), Orthopagurus schmitti (Stevens, 1925)].

The amphipod name Neohaustorius schmitzi Bousfield, 1965, must likely be a tribute to Dr. Eugene H. Schmitz, 1934-???? (was named the late around 2005), Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville.

Prof. Carl Johann Friedrich Schmitz, (8 Mar. - Saarbrücken) 1850-1895 (24 Jan. - Greifswald), German botanist, who i.a. published on algae, is honoured in the algal names Schmitzia, Chlorochytrium schmitzii Rosenvinge, 1893 and Schmitziella Bornet & Flahault. A namesake was father Ernst (Ernesto) João Schmitz, (18 May - Rheydt) 1845-1922 (3 Dec. - Haifa), a Catholic priest and ornithologist of German origin, who was active in Funchal, Madeira, from 1874, and beside his ordinary work also was a very interested naturalist, collecting i.a. algae, fish, molluscs, corals, etc. (See also ...).

Prof. Dr. Werner Schnakenbeck, 1887-1971, Hamburg, German ichthyologist is honoured in the fish name Sagamichthys schnakenbecki (Krefft, 1953).

Lacking information about Schnehagen in the sipunculan name Aspidosiphon schnehageni W. Fischer, 1913. This paper dealt with such worms from the Natural History Museum, Hamburg, so possibly this Schnehagen may have been in the staff there or it may perhaps a bit more likely have been a capt. J. Schnehagen, who at least in 1867 brought some crustaceans from Hongkong to museums and also collected some holothurians.

The connection between the adult and larva of phoronids was discovered 1861 by the Berlin zoologist Prof. Dr. Friedrich Anton Schneider, 1831-1890 (30 May - Breslau), who in 1873, on the chair of zoology in Giessen, also discovered the mitos process, albeit this was neglected by his contemporaries, because he had been considered a "Wirrkopf" by his teacher and predecessor, the influential Rudolf Leuckart (q.v.) [Spirinia schneideri (Villot, 1875), Protodrilus schneideri (Langerhans, 1880)]. Another German namesake was the philologist , palaeontologist and ichthyologist Prof. Johann Gottlob Theaenus Schneider, (18 Jan. - Gollm, Sachsen) 1750-1822 (12 Jan. - Breslau), who also published on fish, e.g. together with M.E. Bloch (q.v.).

Dr. Guido Alexander Johann Schneider, 1866-1948, German-Baltic zoologist, especially nematodologist, who worked during the last years of the 19:th century and the first years of the 20:th in Finland as a guest of his friend Levander (q.v.) [Chromadorita guidoschneideri (Filipjev, 1929), Eleutherolaimus schneideri Turpeenniemi, 1997, possibly Perarella schneideri (Motz-Kossowska, 1905)].

Hans Jacob Sparre Schneider, (11 Feb. - Åsnes, Hedmark) 1853-1918 (27 July - Bodø), Norwegian crustacean, mollusk and fish researcher. He was the first zoology curator at the Tromsø Museum, from it's foundation in 1872 [Tryphosella schneideri (Stephensen, 1921), Cyclopinula schneideri (T. Scott, 1903), Monoculodes schneideri G.O. Sars, 1895, Velutina schneideri Friele, 1886, Carolobatea schneideri Stebbing, 1888].

Prof. Dr. Eberhard Schnepf (4 Apr. - Nürnberg) 1931-, Göttingen, later Heidelberg, must be the person honoured in the gymnamoeba name Rhizamoeba schnepfii Kuhn, 1997.

Prof. Dr. Ernest Raymond Schockaert, (5 June) 1942-, Platyhelminth researcher at Univ. of Limburg, Belgium [Syltorhynchus schockaerti Noldt, 1989].

Hermann Schoede, 18??-19??, is honoured in the octocoral name Lobophytum schoedei Moser, 1919. Schoede was a wealthy German amateur collector, who traveled collecting in German New Guinea and surrounding areas from 1909 and a few following years.

The diatom name Fallacia schoemaniana (Foged, 1975) Witkowski & al., 2000 may likely honour the algal researcher Ferdinand Reynold Schoeman, (26 July - Bloemfontein) 1943-,

The W African fish name Aluterus schoepfii (Walbaum, 1792) may likely be a tribute to Dr. Johann David Schoepf, (8 Mar. - Bayreuth) 1752-1800 (10 Sep.), a German physician, botanist and zoologist, who serverd as an army surgeon in America between 1777-84.

Lacking information about Schoichiro in the gastropod name Tanea schoichiroi T. Kuroda, 1961, but Schoichiro is usually a person's first name and not a family name, so it may be almost anybody.

Dr. Joachim Scholz, 1961?-, is a bryozoan researcher at Senckenberg, Frankfurt.

Prof. Dr. Eugenij I. Schornikov, 19??-, Russian ostracodologist at the Hydrobiological Laboratory, Institute of Marine Biology of the Far Eastern Scientific Center of the Academy of Science, Vladivostok, publishing at least from the end of the 1960s [Sclerochilus schornikovi Athersuch & Horne, 1987, Euphilomedes schornikovi Kornicker & Caraion, 1977].

Neostenetroides schottae Ortiz & Lenana, 1997 was named after Dr. Marilyn Schotte, 19??-, of the Division of Crustacea at Smithsonian Inst., USA.

The French botanist Georges Schotter, 1922-1963, who published on algae and mosses, is honoured in the red algal genus name Schottera Guiry & Hollenberg, 1975.

Dr. Paul Schottländer, (14 Feb. - Breslau) 1870-1938 (18 Mar. - Wessig), German-Jewish patron of the sciences for the expedition who found the sponge species Crella schottlaenderi (Arndt, 1913). The family were owners of rather large areas in the neighbourhood of Wroclaw, Poland. The founder of the Schottländer family fortune was Löbel Schottländer, 1809-1880. His eldest son, Julius Schottländer, 1835-1911, became a large landowner and was Paul's father. One of several occupations of the family was breeding of horses.

Peter Kofod Anker Schousboe, (Rønne, Bornholm) 1766-1832 (26 Feb. - Tanger), Danish botanist and diplomat [Dermocarpa schousboei Born., Leptosiphonia schousboei (Thuret) Kylin, Griffithsia schousboei Montagne in Webb, 1853, Xenococcus schousboei Thur.].

The octocoral name Leptogorgia schoutendeni Stiasny, 1939, must likely be a tribute to the Belgian Museum Curator Henri Schoutenden, 18??-19??,.

The amphipod name Schraderia Pfeffer, 1888 must likely be a tribute to the explorer (astronomer and bryologist) Dr. Carl Wilhelm Otto Schrader, (30 Jan. - Braunschweig) 1852-1930 (21 June - Berlin), who i.a. was in New Guinea during the 1880s and earlier that decade had been to South Georgia

Odostomia schrami Van Aartsen, Gittenberger & Goud, 1998 was named for A.A.W. Schram, 19??-, member of the former Dutch mollusca working group.

Dr. Frederick Robert Schram, (11 Aug. - Chicago, Illinois) 1943-, PhD in 1968 at the Univ. of Chicago, crustacean phylogenist at the Institute for Systematics and Population Biology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands. (CV)

The polyplacophoran name Tonicia schrammi (R. J. Shuttleworth, 1856) and the gastropod names Fissurella schrammii Fischer 1857, ?Cyclostrema schrammii P. Fischer, 1857, Ocenebra schrammi H. Crosse, 1863, Fusinus schrammi (H. Crosse, 1865), Tridachia schrammi Deshayes, 1857, Muricopsis schrammi H. Crosse, 1863 & Cyclostremiscus schrammii (P. Fischer, 1857) and the Caribbean octocoral name Iciligorgia schrammi Duchassaing, 1870 must be a tribute to the French crustacean and malacological collector Alphonse Schramm, 1???-187? (obituary by Fischer and Crosse arrived in 1876, the same year as a statue (a bust) of him was finished), active at Guadeloupe.

Prof. Dr. Franz von Paula Schrank, (21 Aug. - Varnbach, Bavaria) 1747-1835 (22/23 Dec. - München), theologist and naturalist - mainly entomologist and botanist - who founded the Botanical Garden of Munich and served as Prof. of Theology and Botany in Ingolstad, Germany, after having entered the Jesuit orden in Vienna in 1762, being consecrated as a priest in 1774, being TD in 1776 and the same year educated at the Lyceum in Amberg in mathemathics and physics and arriving in Ingolstadt in 1784.

Dr. Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber, (18 Jan. - Weissensee) 1739-1810 (19 Dec. - Erlangen), German physician, disciple of Linnaeus, ennobled in 1791, who mainly published on insects.

Lacking information about Schreiber in the foraminiferan name Triloculina schreiberiana d'Orbigny, 1839.

Peter Leopold (Leopold Ivanovich) von Schrenck, (6 May) 1826-1894 (20 Jan. - close to Khoten, SW of St Petersburg), Imperial Russian Privy Councillor born on Khoten' Estate, Khar'kov Province, who travelled and collected in Asia. His "Reisen und Forschungen im Amur-Lande" arrived in 1867. In 1862 he became junior associate for zoology to the Russian Academy of Science, academician extraordinarius in 1863 and academician ordinarius in 1865. [Mopalia schrencki J. Thiele, 1909].

Jack Rankin Schroeder, (Poughkepsie, N.Y.) 1928-2004 (6 Aug. - Arlington, aged 76), excellent fish & bird illustrator [Ecsenius schroederi McKinney & Springer, 1976 (pisces), likely Pristiophorus schroederi Springer & Bullis, 1960 (sawshark), likely Bathyraja schroederi (Krefft, 1968)]. The gastropods Calliostoma schroederi Clench & Aguayo, 1938 and Cerodrillia schroederi Bartsch & Rehder, 1939 are likely honouring another person, at least the last one is in honour of Admiral Seaton Schroeder, (17 Aug. - Washington, D.C.) 1849-1922 (19 Oct. - Washington, D.C.), who was executive officer and navigator onboard the Albatross between 1882-85.

Dr. Heinrich Schrom, 19??-. German Gastrotrich specialist is honoured in the gastrotrichan name Halichaetonotus schromi Kisielewski, 1974.

Florian Schrott, (15 Mar. - Lajen) 1884-1971 (15 July), Austrian Malacologist.

The German botanist Julius Ludwig Bruno Schröder, 1867-1928, is too young to be the person honoured in the brown algal name Spatoglossum schroederi (C. Agardh) Kützing, 1859. Which Schröder ?

Richard Schröder, 1853-1917, German Malacologist.

Johann Samuel Schröter, (25 Feb. - Rastenberg, Germany) 1735-1808 (24 Mar.), Rector, deacon, minister, superintendent and naturalist (palaeontologist), interested in invertebrates, especially molluscs, on which group he published at least 3 books during the 1780s [Spiroglyphus schroeteri]. The diatom name Navicula schroeteri Meister, may likely insted be a tribute to the botanist and algae researcher Prof. Carl Joseph Schröter, (19 Dec. - Esslingen am Neckar) 1855-1939 (7 Feb. - Zürich), who was active during Friedrich Meisters active time (1893-1919). C.J. Schröter together with Prof. Emil Otto Oskar von Kirchner, (Sep. - Breslau) 1851-1925 (25 Apr.), coined the terms "autecology" and "synecology" in 1902 in "die Vegetation des Bodensees".

Dr. Cristoph D. Schubart, 19??-, Universität Regensburg, is honoured in the tanaid name Monokalliapseudes schubarti (Mañé-Garzón, 1969). The year is often cited as 1949 instead of 1969, but this is likely wrong.

Dr. Peter Schuchert, (7 Dec.) 1958-, Swiss scientist (PhD in 1988, Univ. of Berne) interested in systematics and phylogeny of the Hydrozoa and biology of marine invertebrates. He named the hydroid genus Fabienna Schuchert, 1996 from New Zealand after his daughter Fabienne Schuchert, 1992-,.

A.K. Schuitema, 1???-1982, Dutch Malacologist.

The Russian researcher Prof. S. S. Schulman, 1918-1997, one of Prof. Dogiel's (q.v.) students, is honoured in the Myxozoan names Sinuolinea schulmani Gayevskaya & Kovaljova, 1979, Ceratomyxa schulmani Dubina & Isacov, 1976, Parvicapsula schulmani Kovaljova & Gayevskaya, 1981, Chloromyxum schulmani Kovaleva, 1988 & Schulmania Kovaljova, Zubtchenko & Krasin, 1983.

The gastropod name Pseudovermis schultzi Marcus & Marcus, 1955 may possibly honour the curator of fishes at the Smithsonian Institution between 1938-68 Leonard Peter Schultz,.(2 Feb.) 1901-1986 (17 July).

The professor of anatomy in Greifswald (Freiburg) Karl August Sigismund Schultze, (1 Oct. - Halle) 1795-1877 (28 May - Jena), (father of the author of Echiniscoides sigismundi, Prof. Dr. Maximilian Johann Sigismund Schultze, (25 Mar. - Freiburg, Breisgau) 1825-1874 (16 Jan. - Bonn, by perforated ulcer), renowned histologist active in Greifswald, later Halle and eventually Bonn (where he succeded Helmholtz)) described during the 1830s some tardigrades, like his son later did. The son recognized that a cell was a mass of protoplasm with a nucleus and that both plants and animals contained such cells. [Simsagittifera schultzei (Schmidt, 1852), Promonotus schultzei Meixner, 1938, Chaetonotus schultzei Metschnikoff, 1865, Marsepulina schultzei Rhumbler, 1904, Omalostomum schultzei (Claparède, 1863), possibly Aphrodoctopus schultzei (Hoyle, 1910)].

Dr. Erich Schulz, (Helmstedt) 1904-1968 (Heikendorf, close to Kiel), was working on meiofauna (e.g. tardigrades & nematodes) in Kiel, where he was Kustos at the Zoological Musem [Coelogynopora schulzii Meixner, 1938, Polycope schulzi Klie, 1950, Otoplanella schulzi (Ax, 1951), Platydasys schultzi Remane,1940 (nomen nudum), Enoplus schulzi Gerlach, 1952, Desmodorella schulzi (Gerlach, 1950), Haliplectus schulzi (de Coninck, 1943), Apodopsyllus schulzi (Noodt, 1964), Trachelocerca schulzei Dragesco, 1960 (the extra e in the species name must be a misunderstanding by Dragesco, who explained that it was "dédié à E. Schulze, zoologiste allemand (Kiel)", so according to ICZN 32.5 it must be corrected to Trachelocerca schulzi]. (Dr. Wolfgang Dreyer, the director of the Zoological Museum, Kiel, kindly found the dates through Dr. Schulz's widow, who still lived in Kiel in 2003).

Rythabis schulzi E.L. Markhaseva & Frank D. Ferrari , 2005 is in honour of the St. Petersburg copepodologist Dr. Knud Schulz, 19??-, (Riccardo Giannuzzi-Savelli, Palermo, kindly provided this information).

The diatom name Navicula paul-schulzii Witkowski & Lange-Bertalot in Witkowski, 1994 is a tribute to Paul Schulz-Danzig, 1???-19??, active as researcher on algae at least during the 1920s and 1930s.

Prof. Dr. Franz Eilhard Schulze, (22 Mar. - Eldena, at Greifswald) 1840-1921 (2 Nov. - Berlin), German zoologist, professor - first in Rostock - then in Graz 1873, in Berlin 1884, worked up the sponge material from the Challenger expedition; founded 1897 "Das Tierrech", a work aimed to describe all known animal species. He started his work on Demosponges, with very useful contributions on various groups. His major contributions were made on Hexactinellida, which he started to study in the 1880's [Cinachyra schulzei Keller, 1891, Halammohydra schulzei Remane, 1927, Ebnerella schulzei Breitfuss, 1896, Eilhardia Poléjaeff, 1893 schulzei Poléjaeff, 1883, Achramorpha schulzei (Breitfuss, 1896), Schulzeviella Tabachnick, 1990, Ircinia schulzei Dendy, 1905, Petrostroma schulzei Döderlein, 1892, Phyllospongia schulzei Lendenfeld, 1889, Plakinastrella schulzei Dendy, 1905, Normania schulzei Sollas, 1888, Sclerothamnopsis schulzei Ijima, 1927, Tetilla schulzei Kieschnick, 1900, Toxochalina schulzei Kieschnick, 1900, Dicyema schulzianum van Beneden, 1876, Helgicirrha schulzei Hartlaub, 1909, Paramoeba eilhardi Schaudinn, 1896]. (Dr. Rob van Soest kindly provided much of this information).

Prof. Dr. Heinrich Christian Friedrich Schumacher, (15 Nov. - Glückstadt, Holstein) 1757-1830 (9 Dec.), German-Danish naturalist and surgeon, who i.a. published on molluscs and fossils and introduced several well-known names, like Ensis, Arctica, Gari, Scrobicularia and Verruca. A namesake is the (marine) geologist and astronomer Heinrich Christian Schumacher, (3 Sep. - Bramstedt, Holstein) 1780-1850 (28 Dec. - Altona). The octocoral name Sinularia schumacheri Verseveldt & Benayahu, 1983 is in honour of Prof. Dr. Helmut Schumacher, 19??-, "who collected so many octocorals during his reef studies in the northern and central Red Sea".

Silas Levering Schumo, (Mar. - Deptford, New Jersey) 1847-1918, collected specimens of Discopsis schumoi Vanatta, 1913 and Teinostoma schumoi Vanatta, 1913 [Anticlimax schumoi (Vanatta, 1913)]. He was Corresponding secretary of the Biological and Microscopical section of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia from 1900 through 1915 and recorder and secretary of the Mineralogical and Geological section from 1908 through 1915. (David Hollombe kindly provided the dates and other information).

Lacking information about I.G. Schupakov in the parasitic nematode name Anisakis schupakovi Mosgovoi, 1951.

Lacking information about Schutte, 18??-19??, in the sipunculan name Nephasoma schuttei (Augener, 1903).

Dr. Jacobus Hermanus Schuurmans Stekhoven jr., (23 Oct. - Ermelo) 1892-1958 (11 Nov. (died suddenly during the afternoon when working at his writing-table)), a disciple of H.F. Nierstrasz at Utrecht University, Holland, where he achieved his PhD in July 1918. He spent some time in the East Indies as zoologist / parasitologist between 1919-24. He is mainly known as nematodologist , but wrote also on isopods and copepods. In 1935 he became curator of the Division of General Zoology of Utrecht Univ. After World War II, he went to Argentina, returning home in 1949, where he worked for a pharmaceutical company during the last years [Hypodontolaimus schuurmansstekhoveni Gerlach, 1951, Axonolaimus schuurmansstekhoveni Allgén, 1935, Anticoma stekhoveni Wieser, 1953, Marylynnia stekhoveni (Wieser, 1954), Paracanthonchus stekhoveni Wieser, 1954, Sabatieria stekhoveni Vitiello, 1970].

Pieter Schuyf, 1898-1985, Dutch Malacologist.

Lacking information about the Black Sea porifera worker B. Schwartschevski (or Schwartschewsky), 18??-19??, in the sponge name Haliclona schwartschevskii (Hentschel, 1929).

The gastropod Brookula charleenae Schwabe & Engl, 2008 is in honour of the first author's, Enrico Schwabe (München malacologist), daughter Charleen Schwabe, 19??-. (Dr. Riccardo Giannuzzi-Savelli, Palermo, kindly provided this information).

Prof. Dr. Frank J. Schwartz, 19??-, PhD Univ. of Pittsburg in 1954, curator of the fish collection of the Institute of Marine Sciences at the North Carolina State Museum of Natural Sciences. Although his interests has spanned over a wide interval of marine organisms, it is primarily fishes and turtles, which have been in his main focus.

Lacking information about Schwartz in the diatom name Opephora schwartzii (Grunow, 1863) Petit and in the dinoflagellate name Polykrikos schwartzii Bütschli 1873. Possibly, but perhaps not very likely the person below or perhaps the entomologist Eugen Amandus, Schwartz, (Silesia) 1844-1928, who left Europe for USA in 1872?

Gustav Franziskus Maria Schwartz von Mohrenstern, 1809-1890, who i.a. published on Rissoidae, is honoured in the gastropod name Alvania schwartziana Brusina, 1866.

August Friedrich Schweigger, (8 Sep. - Erlangen) 1783-1821 (28 June - murdered by his guide during a Sicilian trip), German botanist working in Königsberg, who also published some zoological papers, e.g. on corals [Eurhamphaea schweiggeri (Eschscholts, 1829)].

The diatom name Nitzschia obtusa var. schweinfurtii Grunow in Cleve & Grunow may possibly be a tribute to the botanist Georg August Schweinfurth, (29 Dec. - Riga, Latvia) 1836-1925 (19 Sep.).

The US (Florida?) malacologist Dr. Jeannne Sanderson (Mrs. Frank R.) Schwengel, 1889-1961, is honoured in the gastropod name Schwengelia Bartsch, 1947.

Dr. Hartwig Schütt, (15 June) 1923-, German Malacologist.

Dr. Heinrich Schütte, 1???-19??, (The author of the ostracod name Microcythere schyttei Gerd Hartmann, 1957, is honouring his teacher Dr. Schütte, from Goslar). This may not likely be the geologist Heinrich Schütte, 1863-1939, because Dr. Hartmann was only 11 years old when the geologist died.

Rudolf Schütte, (17 Sep.) 1835-1886 (16 July), German apothecary , who for two periods lived and collected natural history objects in Australia [Sesarma schuettei Hess, 1865].

Hans-Wolfgang Schäfer, (Gorlitz) 1916-1985, German zoologist, who worked on Baltic copepods together with Remane (q.v.) between 1933-36. In the World War II his notes and much of his collections were destroyed and after the war he moved to South Africa. His father was a medical doctor, working for mining companies. Schäfer worked with both Thienemann and Remane, at Plon and Kiel. His first love was ostracods, but he published 10 papers on fresh-water and brackish-water copepods (1933-1951). In World War II, he was assigned to the medical corps following the troops to southern Russia, where he worked on malaria and other diseases. He himself contracted hepatitis and was returned to Germany, to work at the Institute for Tropical Medicine in Hamburg. About 1950, he obtained a position as a malacologist for bilharzia studies at the Medical Research Institute in Johannesburg, South Africa. Later, he worked as an entomologist for the Department of Agriculture. From time to time, he would work on his collections, some of which came from southern Europe during WWII, at the Transvaal Museum. He died in retirement near Bloemfontein, South Africa. He is remembered in the harpacticoid copepod Zaus schaeferi Klie (q.v.), 1949 from Helgoland. (Dr. David Damkaer kindly contributed this information received by him from Schäfer's daugther).

Carl Johan Schönherr, (10 June - Stockholm) 1772-1848 (28 Mar. - Sparresäter, Västergötland) Swedish entomologist, mainy interested in coleoptera, cooperating with i.a. Gyllenhal (q.v.). He inherited his fathers silk industri only 19 years old.

Dr. Harald Gerhard Schött, (6 Oct. - Motala) 1861-1933, Swedish zoologist. PhD in Uppsala in 1893. He worked as teacher at the upper secondary school in Linköping from 1896-1926 and published several books and articles on collembols and related taxa [Ballistura schoetti (von Dalla Torre, 1895)].

The Rhodophyte genus Scinaia Bivona-Bernardi, 1822 and the amphipod genus Scina Prestandrea, 1833 are named for professor Dr. Domenico Scinà, (28 Feb. - Palermo) 1765-1837 (13 July - Palermo), physicist at the Palermo University, and a highly cultured man.

Agostino Scilla, (10 Aug. - Messina) 1629-1700 (31 May - Rome), Italian painter, poet and naturalist [Eulimella scillae (Scacchi, 1835)].

Philip Lutley Sclater, (4 Nov. - Tangler Park, Hampshire, - in his fathers country house) 1829-1913 (27 June), British lawyer and ornithologist, is honoured in the Erect-crested penguin name Eudyptes sclateri Buller, 1888 (and in several other bird names). His son William Lutley Sclater, (23 Sep.) 1863-1944 (7 July), was an ornithologist as well and director at the S African Museum from 1896 to 1906, and president of the British Ornithologists Union from 1928 to 1933. Another son was Captain Bertram Lutley Sclater, (22 Feb.) 1866-1897 (24 July), who is honoured in a few bird names.

Prof. Dr. Giovanni Antonio Scopoli, (13 June - Cavalese, Italy) 1723-1788 (8 May - Pavia), physician in Idria, Italy (now close to Ljubljana, Slovenia), who later became professor of Mineralogy in Chemnitz and eventually professor of Natural History and Chemistry in Pavia; published several descriptions of plants and animals following Linnaeus' methods. Several herbs and insects are named for him as well as the drug scopolamine from the genus Scopola (described by Scopoli's letter-friend Linnaeus) in the Solanaceae family.

Lacking information about Scoresby in the cirripedian name Weltnerium scoresbyi (Nilsson-Cantell). Possibly one of the Sea Explorers and whalers William Scoresby, (3 May - Cropton) 1760-1829 (28 Apr. - Whitby) and his son William Scoresby Jun., (5 Oct. - Whitby) 1789-1857 (21 Mar. - Torquay), but another possibility may be Dr. Scoresby A. Shepherd, 1935-, Adelaide, Australia, honoured in e.g. the medusa name Hexaphilia scoresbyi Gershwin & Zeidler, 2003. He is a descendent of the elder father & son Scoresby (see Shepherd). The ostracod name Cytheropteron scoresbyi Whatley & Eynon, 1996 was found in Scoresby Sound, E. Geenland, so it is a toponym rather than an eponym.

Robert Falcon Scott, (6 June - near Devonport (part of Plymouth today)) 1868-1912 (29 Mar. - Antarctica), the leader of the British "Terra Nova" expedition to the Antarctic. He succumbed during the expedition [Hormosoma scotti Stephenson T. A., 1918, possibly Luidia ludwigi scotti Bell, 1917]. His son, Sir Peter Markham Scott, (14 Sep - London.) 1909-1989 (29 Aug. - Bristol), also became a naturalist and a founder of World Wildlife Fund and gave the famous Loch Ness creature the scientific name Nessiteras rhombopteryx (compare the name with its anagram "Monster Hoax by Sir Peter S." created by a member of the Scottish parliamant Nicholas Fairbairn).

Thomas Scott, (2 Dec.) 1840-1929 (25 Feb.), from Fife was initially a mason with botanical interests. His zoological career began at Bents (later Gatty) Marine Laboratory at St Andrews. He later moved to Aberdeen, where he sometimes worked aboard the s/s Garland belonging to the Scottish Fishery Board , sometimes at their hatchery at Bay of Nigg and preferably carried on copepod research, partly together with his son Andrew, 1868-1931 (27 Dec.), who began illustrating for his father, but later - albeit first with his father - independently devoted his life (which he lived in Liverpool) to the same animal group, which interested his father [Diarthrodes andrewi (T. Scott, 1894), Tegastes andrewi T. Scott, 1893]; together they published i.a. "British Parasitic Copepoda" 1912-13 [Ameira scotti G.O. Sars, 1911, Scottomyzon Giesbrecht, 1897, Scottocheres Giesbrecht, 1897, Scottolana Por, 1967, Scottocalanus, Scottopsyllus Kunz, 1962, Scottula G.O. Sars,1903, Pareuchaeta scotti (Farran, 1909), Stephos scotti G.O. Sars, 1903, Haplostomides scotti Chatton & Harant, 1924, Heteranthessius scotti Bocquet, Stock & Bénard, 1959, Strilloma scotti Isaac, 1975, Longipedia scotti G.O. Sars, 1903, Bradya (Bradya) scotti G.O. Sars, 1920, Tetragoniceps scotti G.O. Sars, 1911, Subulella scotti Holdich & Bird, 1986, Scottolana scotti (Sewell, 1940), Pontostratiotes scotti Brodskaya, 1959, Rhizothrix scotti Lang, 1936, Idomene scotti Lang, 1948, Pantachogon scotti Browne, 1910, Reophax scotti Chaster, 1892, Heterocotyle scotti Neifar, Euzet & Ben Hassine, 1998, possibly Luidia scotti Bell, 1917, etc.]. Regarding the harpacticoid copepod genus Jeanella T. Scott, 1904, Dr. D. Damkaer kindly made some digging and found the following: All Thomas Scott said at the time was that it was a replacement name for an earlier name of his that was preoccupied (twice!, by insects), and that Jeanella was the diminutive form for Jean. Neither of the authors of the senior names were Jean. It turns out that Scott's wife was Jean Macandrew of Styx, Kenmore, Perthshire. They were married in 1866, and had two sons (one was Andrew) and three daughters. This must be the Jeanella. The calanoid name Scottocalanus thomasi A. Scott, 1909 is likely a tribute from the son to the father. Thomas Scott's beloved daughter Catharine Jane Scott, 1870-1???, must be honoured in the copepod name Amphiascus catharinae T. Scott, 1906. (Dr. D. Damkaer kindly provided the eponym of Scott's daughter).

Lacking information about Scott in the gastropod names Calliostoma scotti Kilburn, 1973. Possibly (but perhaps not likely) Sir Peter Markham Scott, 1909-1989, co-founder of the World Wildlife Fund.

Crockerella scotti McLean, 1995 is a tribute to Paul Hugh Valentich-Scott, 1952-, bivalve researcher at the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, who also is honoured in some other eponyms..

Arthur Moreland Scott, (26 Jan. - London, England) 1888-1963 (18 Aug.), structural engineer in New Orleans and a self taught student of unicellular algae.

Dr. Bruno Scotto di Carlo, (14 Sep. - Naples) 1939-88 (15 Dec. - Gulf of Naples), was an internationally known copepodologist at the Stazione Zoologica at Naples. He earned his doctorate at the University of Naples in 1963. He had a long and fruitful collaboration with the Dubrovnik (Yugoslavia) Biological Institute. Scotto di Carlo and two of his associates - Dr. Patrizia Mascellaro, (5 July - Benenento) 1958-1988 (15 Dec. - Gulf of Naples) and the ships captain Vincenzo Tramontano, 1940-1988, - died when their research vessel Possilipo was lost during a storm in the Gulf of Naples. He will be remembered for his three dozen publications on copepods and other marine zooplankton and by the copepods Speleophria scottodicarloi Boxshall & Iliffe, 1990 and Oncaea scottodicarloi Heron & Bradford, 1995. Biography and literature list in Monoculus 18 (Dr. D. Damkaer kindly provided this information).

Scripps : (see Ritter).

Lacking information about Sculett in the gastropod name Conus sculetti Marsh, 1962.

Prof. Ivan Petrovich Sczelkov, 1833-1909, Russian physiologist. Graduated from Khar'kov (Ukrain) university in 1855. For a period he worked in the laboratory of the politically and academically liberal Berlin physiologist and pathologist Rudolf Ludwig Karl Virchow, (13 Oct.) 1821-1902 (5 Sep.). Prof. Virchow, the founder of cell pathology, was a free-thinker and agnostic, opposing Haeckel and Darwinism, because he thougth it encouraged socialism [Virchowia Langerhans, 1879]. In 1863 Sczelkov was appointed professor of (C)Har'kov university. He is well-known for organising the first laboratoratory of comparative physiology in Russia. Between 1890-94 he was rector magnificus of the Warsawa university in Poland. [Microphthalmus sczelkowii Mecznikow, 1865].

The halacarid name Rhombognathides seahami (G. Hodge, 1860) is not named after a person, but was described in a paper titled "Contributions to the marine zoology of Seaham Harbour. 1. On a new marine mite (Pachygnathus Seahami). Trans. Tyneside Nat. Fld Cl., 4(3): 319".

Lacking information about Searl in the ascidian name Polycitor searli Kott, 1952. It is probably not after Harriet Richardson (q.v.), because her married name was Searle.

Lacking information about Searles in the gastropod name Searlesia Harmer, 1916, but possibly a tribute to Searles Wood (q.v.)?

Lacking information about Sears in the fish name Searsia Parr, 1937. Likely it may honour the "Sears Foundation for Marine Research", which is promoting ichthyological research, founded by Albert Parr (q.v.) on a gift from Commodore Henry Sears, (10 Dec.) 1913-1982 (23 Mar. - Chestertown), in 1937. Sears had studied oceanography at Yale and worked at Woods Hole and revived the America's Cup. Paul Bigelow Sears, (17 Dec.) 1891-1990 (30 Apr.), who was president of the Ecological Society of America in 1948, is another possibility. Still another possibility is that Dr. Mary Sears, (18 July) 1905-1992 (2 Sep. - Woods Hole, Mass.), US naval oceanographer and planktonologist, may be the honoured person. (More)

The fishes Monodactylus sebae (Cuvier, 1829) and Amphiprion sebae Bleeker, 1853 and likely the crab Portunus sebae (Milne Edwards, 1834) are named for Albert(us) Seba, (12 May - Etzel, Ostfriesland) 1665-1736 (2 May - Amsterdam), Dutch farmacist and collector of natural history objects (coming from a family of German origin), gathering from all over the world the most well-known cabinet of his time and publishing a famous 8 volume catalogue about it "Locupletissimi Rerum Naturalium Thesauri accurata descriptio..." between 1734-65. Linnaeus (q.v.), who had visited him in Amsterdam in 1735 and introduced Artedi (q.v.) to him, was much influenced and used several animals from Seba's collection as type specimens. Seba had sold his first collection in 1716 to tsar Peter the Great of Russia, but started all over with his new collection after this date. (More information in German).

Sébastien / Sébastian : (See Bruno).

Dr. Kenneth P. Sebens, 19??-, Actiniaria researcher, director of Friday Harbor Laboratories, married to Dr. Emily Carrington, 19??-, also she a marine scientist,

Dr. Paulo Secchin Young, (24 Feb.) 1960-2004 (31 May), Brazilian carcinologist, is honored in the anthipatharian name Cirripathes secchini Echeverría, 2002. (André Trombeta, Brazil, kindly provided this information).

Dr. Mary B. Seddon, 19??-, land mollusc researcher at the Museum in Cardiff, is honoured in the gastropod name Cerithiopsis seddonae Jay & Drivas, 2002.

Prof. Adam Sedgwick, (22 Mar. - Dent, Yorkshire) 1785-1873 (27 Jan. - Cambridge), influential geologist at Trinity College in Cambridge.

Lacking information about Sedil in the shrimp name Megokris sedili (Hall 1961).

Richard Curtis Sedlak, 1949-, US artist and amateur conchologist [Cyphoma sedlaki].

The tunicate name Hexadactylus seeligeri Monniot & Monniot, 1990, may possibly honour the German (Halle) researcher Dr. Rudolf Seeliger, 1889-1943.

The gastropod name Ocenebra seftoni Chase, 1958 is named for Mr. Joseph W. Sefton Jr., (4 Sep. - Dayton, Ohio) 1882-1966 (3 Mar. - San Diego), banker and owner of the research ship Orca (belonging to the Sefton Foundation of San Diego), from which the species was dredged and Admete seftoni Berry, 1956 may likely honour the same person or the Foundation itself.

Luc Segers, 19??-, Belgian collector and conchologist specialised in Cassidae, Ranellidae and Bursidae. [Minolia segersi  Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006]. (G. Poppe kindly provided this information).

Prof. Dr. Sven Gustaf Segerstråle, (9 Aug. - Borgå) 1899-1994 (24 Dec. - Grankulla), Finnish brackish water biologist and ecologist. Brother of the well-known poet Solveig von Schoultz, 1907-1996.

The cowry name Zonaria pyrum angelicae (Clover, 1974) is in honour of Mrs. Angelica Segiouloglou, 19??-, wife of George Segiouloglou, 19??-, Athens, collector, who brought the shell to the attention of the author.

Abyssidrilus segonzaci (Erséus, 1986) is named for Dr. Michel Segonzac, (3 Sep.) 1943-, "(CENTOB), who provided the material from 'SAFARI I', ...", later at IFREMER [Leviapseudes segonzaci Bacescu, 1981, Opisthotrochopodus segonzaci Miura & Desbruyeres, 1995, Rokopella segonzaci Warén & Bouchet, 2001, Anapophysia segonzaci Huys & Gee, 1996, Liropropus segonzaci Laubitz, 1995, Leptanthura segonzaci Negoescu, 1994, Provanna segonzaci Warén & Ponder, 1991, Desmoscolex segonzaci Decraemer, 1984, Akidognathia segonzaci Cals, 1983, Angulorostrum segonzaci Kornicker, 1981, Heteralepas segonzaci P.S. Young, 2001, Segonzactis Riemann-Zürneck 1979, Segonzacia Guinot 1989].

Lacking information about Segrave in the gastropod name Conus segravei Gatliff, 1891.

Prof. Giuseppe Seguenza, (8 June - Messina) 1833-1889 (3 Feb. - Messina), Italian malacologist, botanist, paleaontoligist and mineralologist at the University of Messina [Seguenzia Jeffreys, 1876, Caryophyllia seguenzae Duncan, 1873, Lagenosolenia seguenziana (Fornasini, 1886), Distansescharella seguenzai Cipolla, 1921, Seguenzia Jeffreys, 1876, Yoldiella seguenzae Bonfitto & Sabelli, 1995, Verticordia seguenzae Dall, 1886, ?Toledonia seguenzai (Watson, 1886)]. [Henriette Lodewijk, the Netherlands, kindly corrected an originally wrong spelling of his first name and provided some information about his education]

Lacking information about Seguenza in the copepod name Myzotheridion seguenziae Laubier & Bouchet, 1986, but perhaps named for its host genus?

Prof. Dr. Adolf "Dolf" Seilacher, (24 Feb.) 1925-, German palaeontologist [Callichirus seilacheri (Bott, 1955)].

About the honoured person in the digenean name Notocotylus seineti Fuhrmann, 1919, the author mentioned that the honoured person Monsieur M.? Seinet, 18??-19??, is a provision merchant, who during long time and with great interest supported our parasitological studies and provided us with study material.

Dr. Jan Willem Seinhorst, 1918-1997, Dutch (mainly terrestrial) nematod taxonomist.

Prof. Dr. Hideo Sekiguchi, 1944-, Japanese, who works on copepod biology.

Musashi Sekiju, 1765-1860, Japanese samurai and naturalist, who published "Mokuhachi-fu", an extensive iconography of Japanese molluscs, although with only Japanese species names.

Prof. Dr. Emil Selenka, (27 Feb. - Braunschweig) 1842-1902 (21 Jan.), who achieved his PhD on a thesis on holothurians at the Univ. of Göttingen in 1866 for Keferstein (q.v.), who made him his assistant. Selenka and Keferstein took a study trip to the French Atlantic coast in 1867 and the following year Selenka was appointed professor of zoology in Leiden, Netherlands (where he was very popular among his students). In 1874 he left Leiden for a professorship in zoology and comparative anatomy in Erlangen, where he stayed until 1895, when he moved to a honorary professorship in München (Munich), where he stayed for the rest of his life. He had a general interest in taxonomy, embryology and anatomy of marine invertebrates and became later on also interested in vertebrates. During his time in Erlangen, he undertook collecting expeditions not only to several Mediterranean marine stations, but also to Brazil (1877), Java (1889), Sri Lanka and Indonesia (1892) [Selenkiella Heding & Panning, 1954].

Lacking information about Selkirk in the chaetognath name Serratosagitta selkirki (Faggetti, 1958) and in the actinian name Gyrostoma selkirkii McMurrich J.P., 1904. Possibly the Scottish sailor and buccaneer Alexander Selkirk, (Lower Largo, Fife) 1676-1721 (13 Dec. - on board the Royal ship Weymouth, probably from yellow fever), may be the honoured person in one or both the names? He had broken some unwritten pirate laws and as a punishment he was stranded on the Juan Fernandez Island (Más a Tierra) during 1704-09. From this event, Daniel Defoe was thought to have got the idea to write Robinson Crusoe. However, later research instead suspect that the medical Dr. Henry Pitman, was the model for Crusoe. Pitman had been deported to West India (Barbados) after taking part in a revolt, succeded to escape from the punishment colony, but became shipwrecked, ending up on an isolated island (Salt Tortuga off the coast of Venezuela), spending 3 months of 1685 there, and later published a short book about his adventures.

Prof. Massimo Sella, (29 May - S. Gerolamo di Biella) 1886-1959 (4 Sep. - S. Gerolamo di Biella), Italian fisheries biologist (also being a gifted photographer), who worked as director of the Marine Research Station, Rovinj, between 1923-43 [Ceratopera sellai (Steinböck, 1933), Hyadesia sellai Viets,1937].

Baron Michel-Edmond de Sélys-Longchamps, (25 Mar. - Paris) 1813-1900 (11 Dec. - Liége), French-Belgian zoologist (living in Waremme, province de Liége), faunist and statesman (president of the Belgian Senate).

Professor Marc, baron de Sélys-Longchamps, 1875-1963, zoologist in Bruxelles.

The crab name Praebebalia semblatae Chen, 1989 is likely in honour of Mme. Josette Semblat, 19??-, at the Paris Museum, who has helped also other crab workers with their manuscripts and is honoured in the crab name Actaea semblatae Guinot, 1976.

Dr. Jan Semmelink, (8 June - Zutphen, Gelderland, the Netherlands) 1837-1912 (7 Aug.), studied medicine, becoming a medical officer in the Netherlands East Indian army. During this period (1859-82), he also succeded to collect much material, which to a large extent was sent to various museums in Holland. After his military period, he settled as a physician in The Hague, where he eventually died [Palaemon semmelinkii (De Man,1881), Oliva semmelinki Schepman, 1911].

Stiphodon semoni Weber, 1895 was named for the German / Jewish naturalist and zoologist Dr. Richard Wolfgang Semon, (22 Aug.) 1859-1918 (12 Dec.), who collected type material. He had studied zoology in Jena under Haeckel (q.v.) from 1879 and achieved his PhD there in 1883. [Phyllodiscus semoni Kwietniewski C. R., 1897, Anelassorhynchus semoni (Fischer, 1896), Semonia Plehn, 1896].

Prof. Dr. Karl Gottfried Semper, (6 July - Altona (now part of Hamburg)) 1832-1893 (29 May),. He studied zoology in Würzburg and acheved his PhD there in 1856 on a malacological thesis. Ten years later he became lecturer there, until 1869 when he was appointed professor at this university. Between 1858-65 he had travelled and collected vast amounts of animals in the Philippine and Palau archipelagos. Later on he worked up and published his material. From a marine perspective, he is maybe especially essential as an echinodermatologist, but he also published malacological works, however mainly on terrestrial species. He retired in 1892 because of bad health [Semperella Gray, 1868, Semperina Kölliker, 1870, Psychropotes semperiana Théel, 1882, Studeriotes semperi (Studer, 1888), Stellicola semperi Kossmann, 1877, Eudiocrinus semperi Carpenter 1882, Labidodemas semperianum (Selenka 1867), Chromodoris semperi Eliot, 1905, Pteraeolidia semperi (Bergh, 1870), Thysanocardia semperi (Selenka & de Man, 1883), Paraspidosiphon semperi (ten Broeke, 1925), Trochocyathus (Trochocyathus) semperi Cairns & Zibrowius, 1997, Prosimnia semperi (Weinkauff, 1881), Pleurobranchus semperi (Vayssière)]. There are other zoological namesakes like Johann Georg Semper, (Altona) 1837-1909, K.G. Semper's brother, entomologist (Lepidopterologist), Johannes Otto Semper, 1830-1907, north German merchant and naturalist mentioned 1856 & 1886, Johann Max Semper, (29 Aug. - Altona) 1870-1952 (24 Feb. -Valley, Oberbayern), German palaentologist [Entovalva semperi Ohshima, 1930].

Senckenberg : (see Gundlach).

Jacques Senders, 19??-, Belgian collector and ex-vice president of the Société Belgie de Malacologie. [Cantharidus sendersi  Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006, likely Bullia sendersi Kilburn, 1978]. (G. Poppe kindly provided this information).

Ján Senes, 1924-1992, Slovakian palaeontological Malacologist.

The Asiatic bivalve name Musculus senhousei (Benson, 1842) must likely be in honour of the British naval captain Sir Humphrey Fleming Senhouse, 1781-1841 (13 June - Hong Kong).

John N. Sennott & Gladys Sennott, (19 Apr.?) 1913?-1985? (Sep. - Laguna Beach, California?), US amateur malacologists from Fort Myers Beach, Florida, are honoured in the gastropod name Conus sennottorum Rehder & Abbott, 1951.

The Antarctic cephalopod Megaleledone senoi Taki, 1961 was collected by Jirô Senô, 19??-, at R/V "Umitaka-maru" in 1957.

Dr. Wolfgang Senz, 1962-, nemertean specialist at the Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien, Austria.

Lacking information about Paul de Septenville, 18??-19??, in the gastropod name Bela septenvillei Dautzenberg, 1913, but possibly identical to Paul Emile Henri Marie Joseph de Septenville, (19 Mar. - Oostduinkerke) 1872-1912? (Dautzenberg published a Necrologie in 1912).

Mihai S¸erban, 1921-1997 (22 Nov.), Roumanian copepod researcher. A diplopod and an ostacod (not marine) are named for him. (Obituary in Monoculus 36)

The amphipod genus name Serejohyale Bousfield & Hendrycks, 2002 is named for Dr. Cristiana Silveira Serejo, 19??-, Brazilian amphipod specialist. (Museo Nacional de Brazil). (Prof. Wim Vader, Tromsø, kindly provided this information).

Serena : (see Jobb).

Dr. Raoul Serène, 1909-1980, French carcinologist, published on crabs and other crustaceans from the Indo/Pacific area. He worked for UNESCO, based at the Raffles Museum, Singapore during the 1960s, collecting much in that area [Sacculina serenei Boschma, 1954, Ebalia serenei Chen, 1989, Raoulius Manning, 1995, Raoulserenea Manning, 1995, Phyllidia serenei Risbec, 1956, Quadrella serenei Galil, 1986, Paranchistus serenei Bruce, 1983, Sarcophyton serenei Tixier-Durivault, 1958].

The fish name Callionymus sereti Fricke, 1998 must likely be a tribute to Dr. Bernard Séret, 19??-, ichthyologist at Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, France.

Sergio : (see Salazar-Vallejo).

Guillaume de Serière, (3 Jan. - Naarden) 1788-1868 (23 May), governor of the Molluccas and Dutch Malacologist.

Lacking information about Serpentari in the hydroid name Candelabrum serpentarii Segonzac & Vervoort, 1995.

Consul Paul Adolphe Serré del Sagués, 1870-19??, associated to the Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, made numerous collections of crustaceans in Puerto Rico in 1907, i.a. the holotype of Pinnotheres serrei and was consul of France in Havana, Cuba and later (in 1922) Consul of France in Auckland, New Zealand [Marginellopsis serrei Bavay, 1911, Jonga serrei (Bouvier, 1909), Nucinella serrei Lamy, 1912].

Pierre Marcel Toussainte de Serres, (3 Nov. - Herault, Montpellier) 1780-1862, French geologist and natural history worker. Professor at the university of Montpellier [Aporrhais serresianus]. Dr. Étienne Renaud Augustin Serres, (Clairac) 1786-1868, a physician, who was professor of (comparative) anatomy and human natural history at the Paris Museum was a namesake.

Georges Servain, 1846-1???, French malacologist, who published about molluscs from Spain and Portugal in 1880.

The Australian cephalopod name Heteroteuthis serventyi Allan, 1945 and the Australian isopod name Exosphaeroma serventii Baker, 1928 are both likely in honour of Dr. Dominic Louis Serventy, (28 Mar. - Kalgoorlie) 1904-1988 (8 Aug. - Perth), mainly an ornithologist, but e.g. also working at the CSIRO Fisheries Division for several years.

William Albert Setchell, (15 Apr. - Norwich, Connecticut) 1864-1943 (5 Apr. - Berkeley, California), U.S. phycologist at the Univ. of California in Berkeley, who from 1891 and later published on Pacific coast algae. The split kelp, Laminaria setchellii (Kjellm, 1889) Silva 1957 is named in his honour [Ulvella setchellii P.J.L. Dangeard, 1931] (Dr. Rick Harbo, Canada, kindly provided some of this information). (See also ...)

Anna Sethe : (see Anna).

The mollusk name Chicoreus setionoi Houart 2001¨is named for the shell dealer (of Indoshells) Mr. Owen Setiono, 1971?-, of Jakarta who procured type material. (Dr. Riccardo Giannuzzi-Savelli kindly provided this information).

Francesco Settepassi, (12 Aug. - Viareggio) 1886-1982 (25 Mar. - Roma), Italian malacologist from Viareggio [Natica settepassii Gaglini, 1985, Alvania settepassii Amati & Nofroni, 1985, Gibbula adansoni settepassii Zanardi, 1972].

Dr. Ernesto Setti, 18??-19??, Genova (later Parma), is honoured in the cestodan name Echinophallus settii (Ariola, 1895).

Prof. Léon Gaston Seurat, 1872-19??, French zoologist in Alger (but in the beginning of the 20:th century at the Polynesian island Gambier), working with a diversity of animals, but perhaps most on nematodes (and also collecting much animals for the Paris Museum). He kept publishing at least until 1941 [Conopeum seurati (Canu, 1928), Seuratia Skrjabin,1916, Seuratiella Ditlevsen, 1921, Tegastes seurati Monard, 1936, Parunciola seurati Chevreux, 1911, Saharolana seurati Monod, 1930, Melanochlamys seurati Vaissière, 1926, Apseudes seurati Nobili, 1906, Zeuxo (Parazeuxo) seurati (Nobile, 1906), Calcinus seurati Forest, 1951, possibly Acrosterigma seurati Vidal, 1999].

Robert Beresford Seymour Sewell, (5 Mar. - Leamington, Warwickshire) 1880-1964 (11 Feb. - Cambridge), British Surgeon Naturalist, educated in Cambridge (biology) and London (medicine), collecting mainly on board R.I.M.S.S. Investigator in the Indian Ocean. He was particularly interested in taxonomy and distribution of copepods, and kept working on this taxon for the rest of his life after his early retirement in 1935, when he moved back from Asia (where he had been director of the Zoological Survey of India, Indian Museum, Calcutta) to Cambridge [Vasticardium sewelli (Prashad, 1932), Mesochra sewelli Lang, 1948, Eucalanus sewelli Fleminger, 1973, Nitokra sewelli Gurney, 1927, Sewellochiron Humes 1969, Paramacrochiron sewelli Reddiah, 1968, Alteutha sewelli Krishnaswamy, 1952, Sewellia Lang, 1965, Sewellina Krishnaswamy, 1956, Scambicornus sewelli Humes, 1975, Hymenopenaeus sewelli Ramadan, 1938, Puerulus sewelli Ramadan, 1938, Lobonemoides sewelli Rao, 1931, Bathytyphlops sewelli (Norman, 1939), Phascolosoma (Rueppellisoma) sewelli (Stephen, 1941), Sepia sewelli W. Adam & W. J. Rees, 1966, Caryophyllia sewelli Gardiner & Waugh, 1938, Cyclosalpa sewelli Metcalf, 1927, Bowmaniella sewelli Brattegard, 1970].

Dr. Kim Bradley Sewell, (16 Nov. Brisbane) 1957-, Australian marine parasitologist.

Mrs Elsie Wilkins Sexton, (née Wing), (27 Apr.) 1868-1959 (18 Feb.), English specialist of amphipods and a good illustrator as well [Sextonia Chevreux, 1920, Onisimus sextoni Chevreux, 1926, Corophium sextonae Crawford, 1937, Prostenothoe sextoni Gurjanova, 1938, Boeckesimus sextonae (Chevreux, 1925)].

The Rev. Lewis John Shackleford, 1856-1917, British Malacologist.

Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton, (15 Feb. - Ballitore, Kildare, Ireland) 1874-1922 (5 Jan. - on board SY "Quest" in a port at South Georgia), Irish Antarctic researcher [Artedidraco shackletoni Waite, 1911, Shackletonia K.H. Barnard, 1931, Trophon shackletoni Ch. Hedley, 1911]. A worker sharing the same family name was Alice M. Shackleton, (Foxrock, Dublin) 18??-19??, one of Haddon's (q.v.) students, who mainly together with her teacher and the first female paediatrician in Ireland Dr. Katherine Maguire, !86?-1931 (2 Aug. - Fairefield, Tyrrelspass, Westmeath), studied Anthozoa.

Lacking information about Shaefer in the gastropod name Rissoina shaeferi McGinty, 1962.

William Shakespeare, (Apr.) 1564-1616 (23 Apr.), Very well-known publisher, director and actor from Stratford-upon-Avon [Beroe shakespeari Benham, 1909 (a synonym of Beroe ovata Bruguière, 1789)].

John Shallcross, 1827-1898, US Malacologist.

Lacking information about Shannon in the foraminiferan name Trochammina shannoni Brönniman & Whittaker, 1988.

Lacking information about Sharp in the decapod name Rhynocrangon sharpi (Montrouzier, 1861). Of course it can not be a tribute to Dr. Benjamin Sharp Jr., (1 Nov. - Germantown, Philadelphia) 1858-1915 (23 Jan. - Moorhead, North Carolina (from Pneumonia, contracted during a yacht trip to Florida)), who published on scaphopods together with Pilsbry (q.v.), because he is too young, so likely another person, known to the author, Abbé Jean Xavier Hyacinthe Montrouzier, (3 Dec. - Montpellier) 1820-1897 (16 May - Saint Louis, New Caledonia), most known for his studies of the fauna and flora of Melanesia especially the New Caledonia.

Lacking information about Sharpe in the polyplacophoran name Lepidochitona sharpei H. A. Pilsbry, 1896.

For the digenean name Hemipera sharpei Jones, 1933 : See Leigh-Sharpe.

Leuroleberis sharpei Kornicker, 1981 was named for Richard Worthy Sharpe, (Tiskilwa, Illinois) 1869-1943, who was an instructor in biology in Wilmette, Indiana at the turn of the century. He authored a 1910 account of copepods of Woods Hole. He also studied ostracods (Dr. D. Damkaer kindly provided this information).

Dr. Donald Robert Shasky, 1925-2002 (25 Feb. - Oceanside, California, from complications of Alzheimer's disease), US Physician (dermatologist) and amateur conchologist in Redlands, California. His collections, library, etc. are now at the the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History [Favartia shaskyi, Cantharus shaskyi Berry, 1959, Nassarius shaskyi McLean, 1970, Bizetiella shaskyi Radwin & D' Attilio, 1972, Murexiella shaskyi D' Attilio & Myers, 1988, Acanthochitona shaskyi Ferreira, 1987, Philbertia shaskyi McLean & Poorman, 1971].

Lacking information about Shaw in the medusa name Anomalorhiza shawi Light, 1921, described from the Philippines. A more modern namesake, D. Patrick Shaw, 19??-, British Columbia, is interested in amphipods.

Z.G. Shchedrina, 1???-19??, Russian protoctistologist, working in Leningrad between 1930-70 on foraminiferans.

Dr. John Gordon Sheals, 19??-, British zoologist (keeper at the Natural History museum, London between 1971-85), who i.a. has published on terrestrial acarina and soil ecology [Macronchus shealsi Inglis, 1964].

The chaetognath name Paraspadella sheardi (Mawson, 1944) and the Australian cephalopod name Eledonella sheardi Allan, 1945 may likely honour Dr. Keith Sheard, (21 Oct. - Cue, W. Australia) 1903-1965 (15 June). In the end of the 1950s and the beginning of the 1960s he published on Australian crayfishery and the biological research at the Rottnest Island station. He also worked on e.g. amphipods, sharks, plankton, etc at the South Australian Museum and is honoured in the genus name Sheardia Hale, 1946

Lacking information about Shearer in the isopod name Dynamenella sheareri (Hatch, 1947), but possibly a tribute to G.M. Shearer, 19??-, Oregon State College, who in 1942 published on Isopods from the Coos Bay region.

S.-C. Shen in the hagfish name Paramyxine sheni (Kuo, Huang & Mok, 1994) is likely an old transliteration of Chia-jui Shen, (4 Mar. - Zhejiang Province, China) 1902-1975 (22 Dec. -Beijing) - also transliterated Shen Jiarui and thus a partial namesake of the Song Dynasty great scientist and statesman, Shen Kuo or Shen Kua, 1031-1095. A prolific copepodologist, active from 1949 until he died. He studied at the Univ. of London 1932-34, then at the London's Natural History Museum until 1935. He returned to Peking to work for the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The crab genus name Shenius Serène, 1971 is likely in his honour. The copepods Lepeophtheirus sheni Boxshall & Bellwood, 1981 and Tortanus sheni Hulsemann, 1988 are also named for him, like the isopod Aega sheni Yu & N. Bruce, 2006. (Dr. D. Damkaer kindly provided this information and Niel Bruce kindly added the last eponym).

Lacking information about Shepard in the Californian gastropod name Graphis shepardiana (Dall, 1919). Could the honoured person be the US marine geologist Francis Parker Shepard, (10 May - Brookline, Mass.) 1897-1985 (25 Apr. - La Jolla, Cal.), well-known for his surveys of submarine canyons in the La Jolla area?

The beaked whale name Tasmacetus shepherdi Oliver, 1937 is named for George Shepherd, 1908-1992 (13 June), curator of the Wanganui Alexander Museum, who first found this species and passed it on to his colleague Walter Oliver of the Colonial Museum, Wellington.

Dr. Scoresby A. Shepherd, 1935-, Marine Biologist and currently Senior research fellow at South Australian research and Development Institute, Editor of 3 volumes on Marine Invertebrates of Southern Australia and several other books, with >100 publications on many aspects of marine biology. (Actually a descendent of William Scoresby the elder and younger). He collected samples of Eatoniella shepherdi Ponder & Yoo, 1978 [Ophiacantha shepherdi Baker & Devaney, 1981, Romanchella scoresbyi (Harris, 1969), Hexaphilia scoresbyi Gershwin & Zeidler, 2003, possibly the Australian pycnogonid Achelia shepherdi Stock, 1973]. (See also Scoresby). Also many species have been named after him (either scoresbyi or shepherdi) among the algae, including one Order Scoresbiaceae and genus, Scoresbyella Womersley, 1987 and numerous invertebrate groups. (Dr. Shepherd himself kindly provided much of this information).

The Christmas Island gastropod genus name Sherbornia Iredale, 1917, may likely be a reverence to Dr. Charles Davies Sherborn, (30 June) 1861-1942 (22 June), geologist and the British compiler of "Index Animalium" (covering all animal genus and species names from 1758 until 1850 - available through Internet via the library of Smithsonian Institution) and the first president of the Society for the History of Natural´History. After Sherborn's Index Animalium, nothing similar has appeared (except for a few animal groups), but Dr. Sheffield Airey Neave, (20 Apr.) 1879-1961 (31 Dec.), British entomologist and his successors who produced "Nomenclator Zoologicus" (Neave's original 5 volumes + 4 supplementary volumes so far - also available) have covered all zoological genus names until recent time.

Gennady A. Shevtsov, 19??- is honoured in the cephalopod name Berryteuthis magister shevtsovi Katugin, 2000.

Lacking information about Shiecke in the amphipod name Deutella shieckei Cavedini, 1982.

Prof. Dr. Jeffrey D. Shields, 19??-, PhD at Univ. of California, Santa Barbara in 1987, US invertebrate researcher at VIMS.

Lacking information about Shigemitsu in the gastropod name Sansonia shigemitsui Kase, 1998.

Lacking information about Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Shigin in the digenean name Diplostomum shigini Zhatkanbaeva, 1978, but a namesake - possibly identical - lived between 1928-2001.

Prof. Dr. Sueo M. Shiino, 1908-1978, Japanese crustaceologist, mainly working with tanaidaceans and parasitical isopods and copepods [Apseudes (=Leiopus) shiinoi Lang, 1968, Synapseudes shiinoi Riggio, 1973, Pakistanapseudes shiino Bacescu, 1978].

The diatom name Fragilaria shiloi Lee, Reimer & McEnery, 1980 must be a tribute to Dr. Moshe Shilo, (Moscow) 1920- 1990, Hebrew Univ., Jerusalem, diatom worker.

Prof. Tokio Shikama, 1912-1978, Japanese malacologist at the Yokohama National University [Aperiovula shikamai Cate, 1973, Phenacovolva tokioi Cate, 1973, Conus shikamai Coomans, Moolenbeek & Wils, 1985].

Dr. Ronald L. Shimek, (28 Mar. - Great Falls, Montana) 1948-, Dept. of Biology, Montana State University , Neogastropod and Scaphopod researcher, also interested in Anthozoa and other aquatic creatures and has converted to become a specialist in the reef aquarium business. See his blog or web site.

Prof. Vladimir Mikhailovich Shimkevich, (9 Aug. - Karacheva) 1858-1923 (23 Feb. - Petrograd). Russian zoologist (i.a. pantopodologist), morphologist & embryologist. Graduated from Moscow University in 1881. He was named in 1886 (invited by N.P. Wagner) to the faculty of zoo-technology in St. Petersburg and from 1889 - he was appointed professor and head of the department of Invertebrate zoology at this university. He held the post of Dean of the Faculty of Physico-Mathematics. In 1921 he became rector magnificus of the University, but worked in that position for only a year. He was also elected a member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in 1920. He is famous for a theory which explains the appearence of the chorda. An avowed Darwinist, he wrote more than 125 scientific papers and more than 250 articles in popular-science publications. His main field was spiders, especially their anatomy and physiology, but he also wrote about parasitic copepods and other invertebrates, mainly pantopods. He also published a textbook in Germany on comparative anatomy of vertebrates (1910, with a later second edition) [Nymphon schimkewitschi Losina-Losinsky, 1929]. (Dr. D. Damkaer kindly supplied some of this information).

The gastropod name Kuroshiovolva shingoi (Azuma & Cate, 1971) is named for Mr. Shingo Habu, 19??-, Seta, Japan, amateur malacologist and another gastropod, Nipponotrophon shingoi Tiba, 1981 is likely in honour of the same person.

The Lithodid name Paralomis shinkaimaruae Takeda 1984 is likely not named for a person's name, but more likely for R/V Shinkai Maru of Hokkaido Univ.

Lacking information about Shino in the Red Sea isopod name Assymetrione shinoi Codreanu & al., 1965.

Shipley : (see Percy Moore).

Lacking information about Shirley in the nematod name Austranema shirleyae (Coles, 1965) Inglis, 1969.

Mrs, Shirley M. Slack-Smith, (2 Mar.) 1935-, curator at the Western Australian Museum, collected material of the scaphopod Fissidentalium shirleyae Lamprell & Healy, 1998.

Lacking information about Shirley in the gastropod name Muricopsis (Muricopsis) shirleyae Vokes, 1994.

Mr. Frank Shirley, 19??-, from Tauranga, the skipper of the "San Caroline" who donated invertebrate materials to the Auckland Museum [Boreotrophon shirleyi Cernohorsky 1980].

The polyplacophoran names Acanthochiton shirleyi Asbhby, 1922 and Lucilina shirleyi Iredale, 1914 were named for Dr. John Shirley, (11 Aug. - Dorchester, England) 1849-1922 (5 Apr. - Brisbane), Queensland naturalist and enthusiastic shell collector.

Pjotr Petrovich Shirshov, (25 Dec. - Ekaterinoslav) 1905-1953 (17 Feb. - Moscow), Russian hydrobiologist. A sea ridge at 59°30'N-170°30'E to 57°10'N, 170°30'E is named for him.

Alexandra Alexandrovna Shmeleva, (17 May - Tomsk, Siberia) 1926-, copepodologist. She had studied in Odessa State University (1949-1952). Since 1961 till 1984 she worked in the Institute of Biology of the southern Seas, Sevastopol. Has more than 50 papers on copepods, mainly from the Black and Mediterranean Seas. Now is a pensioner. The copepod name Oncaea shmelevi Gordeeva, 1972 is in her honour. (Prof. Albina Gaevskaya, Sevastopol, kindly provided this information).

Mr. Clarence Raymond Shoemaker, (12 Mar.) 1874-1958 (28 Dec.), US amphipodologist, working at least during his last yaers as associate in zoology at the US National Museum, because he had an early interest in animals and he moved with his family (father, mother and siblings - he was number 6 of 8, but most of them died when young) to the Georgetown section of Washington D.C. at age seven. [Synchelidium shoemakeri Mills, 1962, Microprotopus shoemakeri Lowry, 1972, Acanthohaustorius shoemakeri Bousfield, 1965), Pseudamphilochus shoemakeri Schellenberg, 1931, Clarencia K.H. Barnard, 1931]. (Dr. R. Giannuzzi-Savelli kindly informed about the museum association).

The shrimp name Macrobrachium shokitai Fujino & Baba, 1973 and the crab name Geothelphusa shokitai Shy & Ng, 1998 may possibly be in honour of Prof. Shigemitsu Shokita, 1939-, Kyoto Univ.

William Shone, 18??-19??, who published in British geological journals, is honoured in the foraminiferan name Turritellella shoneana (Siddall, 1878).

Commander Captain Edwin Rew Shopland, 1844-1920, served with the Royal Indian Marine. He is best known for his publications (1896 and 1902) about the mollusc fauna of Aden and its vicinity. His collection from Aden was acquired by Mr. Hormusjee Cowasjee Dinshau of Aden, who presented it to the National Collection i.e. the British Museum of Natural History, London. Another collection is in the Exeter Museum, England. The following marine molluscs were named after him: Fissidentalium shoplandi (Jousseaume, 1894), Mitra (Pusia) shoplandi Melvill, 1895, Marginella (Cryptospira) shoplandi Melvill, 1897, Eulima shoplandi Melvill, 1898, Semele shoplandi Melvill, 1898 and Cerithium shoplandi Melvill, 1901. Shopland (1902) mentioned still a Persona shoplandi Jousseaume but so far no description of it could be located. (Curator Henk K. Mienis, Tel Aviv Univ., kindly provided this information).

The Australian gastropod Natica shorehami Pritchard & Gatliff, 1900 is likely not named for a person, but collected in the vicinity of Shoreham, Victoria, Australia (south of Melbourne), because Gatliff i.a. collected other mollusks there.

A.A. Shorygin, 1896-1948, Russian ichthyologist. A seamount at 22°05.1'S, 81°18.4'W is named for him.

Dr. E.R. Showalter, 18??-1???, Alabama malacological collector of palaeontological items.

Shteller : (see Steller).

The tanaid name Pseudobathytanais shtokmani Kudinova-Pasternak, 1990 was collected from Underwater Ridge Naska during an expedition with SV 'Professor Shtokman', built in Finland in 1979, honouring the name of Prof. Vladimir Borisovich Shtokman, 1909-1968, oceanologist, professor (1947); from 1946 he worked in the Institute of Oceanology of Russian Academy of Sciences. Main scientific interests: marine currents, processes of mixing of water masses in the World Ocean. (Prof. Albina Gaevskaya, Sevastopol, kindly provided this information).

The polychaete name Ophryotrocha shubravyi Tzetlin, 1980 must likely be a tribute to O.I. Shubravyi, 19??-, Russian marine invertebrate researcher.

Dr. Solomon Samuelovich Shul'man (spelling his name Schulman during some years) (7 Mar. - Yaroslavl, Russia) 1918-1997, zoologist & parasitologist, myxosporidian world fauna specialist. He proposed a hypothesis about the multicellular nature of myxosporeans and made significant contributions to understanding of ways of multicellular animals origin. He had studied in Leningrad under Dogiel (q.v.) and became a Dr. of biological sciences. He has mainly worked on parasites of fresh water fishes, but also i.a. on parasites from e.g. the Black Sea. He authored and co-authored more than 200 publications, including 7 monographs [Microsporidia: Glugea shulmani Gasimagomedov & Issi, 1970; myxosporeans: Leptotheca shulmani Rumyantsev, 1997, Myxidium shulmani Chernova, 1970, Kudoa shulmani Naidenova & Zaika, 1970, Myxobilatus schulmani Mitenev, 1975, Sinuolinea schulmani Gaevskaya & Kovaljova, 1979 Parvicapsula shulmani Kovaljova & Gaevskaya, 1981, Alataspora solomoni Yurakhno, 1988; coccidia : Eimeria schulmani Kulemina, 1969; myxosporidiae: Schulmania Kovaleva, Zubchenko et Krasin, 1983. Hoferellus schulmani Golikowa, 1960, Myxobolus schulmani Donec, 1962, Sphaerospora schulmani Allamuratov, 1966, Wardia schulmani Botscharova et Donec, 1974 infusoria: Apiosoma schulmani Kashkowski, 1965; monogenea: Gyrodactylus shulmani Ling, 1962, Paradiplozoon schulmani (Mikailov, 1973); trypanosomes: Trypanosoma schulmani Khaibulaev, 1971] (Prof. Jean-Lou Justine, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, kindly provided a copy from a biographical note in Systematic Parasitology (1993) 26: 157-158 and Prof. Albina Gaevskaya, Sevastopol, one of Shul'man's disciples, kindly provided more information and most of the eponyms).

Prof. Dr. Vyacheslav Petrovich Shuntov, (8 Jan.) 1937-, professor, academician of Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, more than 250 publications, including 14 monographs. Main scientific interests: marine ichthyology and ornithology, biological resources and productivity, rational fishery. Has some goverment awards. He is honoured in the New Zealand skate name Bathyraja shuntovi Dolganov, 1985 & in another fish name Microstomus shuntovi Borets, 1983. (Prof. Albina Gaevskaya, Sevastopol, kindly provided this information).

Prof. Em. Dr. Tsugio Shuto, 19??-, of Kyushu University, paleobiologist [Tucetona tsugioi Matsukuma 1984].

Dr. Robert James Shuttleworth, (Feb. - Dawlish, Devonshire) 1810-1874 (19 Apr.), English physician (had studied medicine in Geneva), malacologist and botanist, published i.a. on molluscs from the Canaries, but also collected much - at least herbs - in Ireland [Ceramium shuttleworthianum (Kützing, 1842) Silva, 1959, Callistochiton shuttleworthianus H. A. Pilsbry, 1892].

Dr. Vladimir "Volodya" Sergeyevich Shuvalov, (29 Apr. - Leningrad) 1930-1980 (8 Oct.), PhD in 1966, worked on plankton copepods. (Obituary in Monoculus 41)

Epitonium shyorum Dushane & McLean, 1968 was named for Laura Shy, 19??-, & Carl Shy, 19??-, of Westminister, California [Chaetopleura shyana Ferreira, 1983, Lepidozona (Lepidozona) laurae Ferreira, 1985, Murexiella laurae E.H. Vokes, 1970, Terebra shyana Bratcher & R.D. Burch, 1970].

Wally (Wilhelm) Siagian, 19??-, Indonesian diving guide, is honoured in the squat lobster name Lauriea siagiani Baba 1994.

Sir Dr. Robert Sibbald, (15 Apr. - Edinburgh) 1641-1722 (Aug.), Scottish physician and naturalist, who graduated as MD in 1662 and was knighted in 1682 [Strombus plicatus sibbaldi (Sowerby, 1842), Sibbaldus Gray, 1864]. (André Trombeta, Brazil, kindly provided the generic name).

Who was Sibert in Ophryotrocha puerilis siberti (M'Intosh,1885)? Possibly a tribute to Mr. Sibert Saunders, 18??-1???, insurance agent of Whitstable, who was interested in marine species?

Lacking information about Sibirjakov in the amphipod name Orchomene sibirjakovi Gurjanova, 1951, but possibly not in honour of a person's name, but insted the ship Sibiryakov, which was sinked in the Kara Sea by the German war ship Admiral Scheer in August 1942?

Mme Dr. Myriam Sibuet, 1945-, French biologist, working at CNEXO, later IFREMER in Brest, echinoderm taxonomist and deep sea ecologist; when young, she helped Laubier with preliminary polychaete determinations [Paraonides myriamae Katzmann & Laubier, 1975, Achlyonice myriamae Gebruk, 1997, Sphaerodoropsis sibuetae Desbruyères, 1980, Haploniscus myriamae Chardy, 1974].

Dr. Mark E. Siddall, 19??-, PhD in 1994 at the Univ. of Toronto; leech and apicomplexa researcher and annelid curator at the American Museum of Natural History [Myxobolus siddalli Salim & Desser, 2000 (however from freshwater host)].

Henry Sidebottom, 185?-19?? (was aged 70 during the 1920s and still lived in 1924), a personal friend of Heron-Allen (q.v.), British researcher, who published on foraminiferans during the two first decades of the 20:th century [Astrononion sidebottomi Cushman & Edwards, 1937, Pseudotriloculina sidebottomi (Martinotti, 1920)].

Dr. Friedrich Siebenrock, (20 Jan. - Schörfling, close to Attersee) 1853-1925 (28 Jan. - Schörfling), had been Steindachner's (q.v.) assistant, curator of the ichthyological and herpetological collection of the Museum of Natural History in Vienna between 1919-20, published on turtles from Madagascar and Aldabra in 1902 [Paratypton siebenrocki Balss, 1914].

Sieber : (see Zeyher).

Dr. Philipp Franz Jonkheer (or Franz Philipp Balthazar) von Siebold, (17 Feb. - Würzburg) 1796-1866 (18 Oct. - München), German physician and naturalist, who after studies in his home town Würzburg (MD in 1820) moved to the Netherlands in 1822. He practised as a physician in Batavia, Java for a time, became later diplomat in Japan between 1823-29 (most part of this time he spent in Dejima (or Decima) - the man-made island off Nagasaki, which was the only place in Japan, where Europans were allowed to live during the Shogunate between 1639-1854, but he also took part in a journey to the court in Edo (now Tokyo)). He was an eager collector of herbs and animals and edited "Fauna Japonica", based on his Japanese material. When arriving to Europe in 1830, he settled in Leiden and worked on his material there until 1847, when he moved to München (Munich). During 1859-62 he revisited Japan [Characium sieboldi A. Braun in Kützing, 1849, Conus sieboldii L. A. Reeve, 1848].

Prof. Dr. Carl Theodor Ernst von Siebold, (16 Feb. - Würzburg) 1804-85 (7 Apr.), who was Philipp Franz's cousin, studied in Berlin under Rudolphi (q.v.), later in Göttingen under Blumenbach (q.v.). He was a medical practitioner for some years in Danzig, where he also had opportunity to study marine animals. In 1840 he was appointed professor of anatomy and physiology in Erlangen, moving to Freiburg in 1845, to Breslau in 1850 and eventually beeing appointed professor of zoology and comparative anatomy in München (Munich) in 1853. He was a specialist on medusae, trematodes, cestodes and freshwater fishes, but is also well-known for his finding of parthenogenesis within insects [Ergasilus sieboldi von Nordmann, 1832, Lineola sieboldii (Kölliker, 1845) Gerlach & Riemann, 1974, Pegantha sieboldi (Haeckel, 1879), Trichosphaerium sieboldi Schneider, 1878, Stenostomum sieboldi von Graff, 1878, Colobomatus sieboldi (Richiardi, 1877), Hyalonema sieboldi Gray, 1835].

The decapod name Kirnasia siedlecki Burukovsky, 1988, is likely honouring Professor Michal Marian Siedlecki, (8 Sep. - Krakow) 1873-1940 (11 Jan. - murdered in concentration camp Sachsenhausen), who studied at the Institute of Zoology in Berlin under Schaudinn (q.v.), in the College de France and in the Pasteur Institute in Paris as well as in two Marine Stations at Naples and Wimereux. In Poland he was professor at the Chair of Zoology at Universities in Wilno and Krakow. He was known as a founder of modern knowledge of the Sporozoa; he described the life cycle of Eimeria schubergi. His activities in nature protection, especially in marine environment, were well known. In Poland he created the Marine Fish Institute in 1928 in Gdynia. His second son Prof. Stanislaw Siedlecki, (18 Oct. - Krakow) 1912-2002 (8 Mar. - Lódź), is another Polish scientist, geologist and pioneer of Polish contemporary research activity in the Arctic, inititiator of establishing the Polish Polar Station in Spitsbergen fjord Hornsund, is honoured in the copepod name Xantharus siedleckii Schulz & Kwasniewski, 2004.

The cephalopod name Abralia siedleckyi Lipinski, 1983 may not honour a person directly, but seems to be named for R/V Profesor Siedlecki, likely named for M.M. Siedlecki above.

Prof. Dr. Jürgen Sieg, (1 Aug.) 1946-1996 (14 July), German tanaid researcher from München, PhD in Kiel (disciple of Wolfram Noodt (q.v.)) 1973. Later on he moved to Osnabrück, where he eventually was appointed professor [Pseudotanais siegi Kudinova-Pasternak, 1985, Pseudosphyrapus siegi B.A. Viskup & R. W. Heard, 1989, Bathytanais juergeni K. Larsen & G. D. F. Wilson, 1998, Apseudes (=Leiopus) siegi Kudinova-Pasternak, 1985, Kudinopasternakia siegi Viskup and Heard, 1989]. (Obituary in Monoculus 33)

The diatom names Sieminskia D. Metzeltin & H. Lange-Bertalot & Navicula sieminskiae Lange-Bertalot & Witkowski must honour the algae researcher Prof. Dr. Jadwiga Siemińska, 1922-,.

The gastropod name Lepetella sierrai Dantart & Luque, 1994 was named in honour of Alberto Sierra, 19??-, "from Almen'a, for his help in our research".

The isopod name Nerocila sigani Bowman & Tareen, 1983 is not named for a person's name but for its host species Siganus orami (Siganidae).

Sigismund : (see Schulzte).

Rear Admiral Charles Dwight Sigsbee, (16 Jan. - Albany, New York) 1845-1923 (13 July - New York City), was the inventor or perfecter of many kinds of early oceanographic equipment, and the author of a beautifully illustrated 1880 book on the equipment of the Coast Survey Steamer Blake (see G.S. Blake): "Deep-Sea Sounding and Dredging." Sigsbee was also commander of the battleship Maine when it exploded in Havana Harbor, initiating the Spanish-American War. He survived to become an admiral and is honoured in the gastropod names Cerithiopsis sigsbeanum Dall, 1881, Leucosyrinx sigsbei (Dall, 1881) and Heliacus sigsbeei (Dall, 1889), in the asteroid name Mammaster sigsbeei (Perrier, 1881) and in the bivalve name Cyclopecten sigsbeei (Dall, 1886). (Dr. D. Damkaer kindly provided much of this information).

Dr. Andrey V. Sikorski, (21 June) 1961-, Russian polychaete systematics specialist at the Zoological Museum of the Moscow Lomonosov State University, working on e.g. Spionidae and Arctic polychaetes [Hyalopomatus sikorskii Kupriyanova, 1993].

Prof. Dr. Lars Silén, (12 July - Luleå) 1910-1999 (1 Oct.), PhD in Uppsala in 1938. During 1938-44 he worked as a secondary school teacher but became in 1944 reader (docent) of zoology at Stockholm High School (the name of Stockholm University in that time). He worked as docent at the Zootomical Institute (the name of the Zoological Institution at Stockholm University in that time) until 1950, when he got another type of reader position at the same institute, named laborator, but in 1956 he was appointed Professor of Zoology at the Univ. of Lund and later the same year professor of zoology at Stockholm University, where he stayed until his retirement in 1975. From 1969 he was member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Science. He was founder of i.a. the Askö Laboratory, bryozoologist, phoronidologist, one of the initiators of the Tjärnö Marine Biological Laboratory, etc. He was loved by his students, as beeing a very kind and bothering person [Kinetoskias sileni d'Hondt, 1975].

The gastropod name Odostomia silesui Nofroni, 1988 is named for the detector, the amateur collector Marcello Silesu, 19??-, Buggerru, Italy.

Lacking information about Sillimanian in the scleractinian name Porites sillimaniani Nemenzo, 1976. Possibly, however, the geologist Prof. Benjamin Silliman Sr., (8 Aug.) 1779-1864 (24 Nov.), the first professor of chemistry and natural history at Yale Univ (in 1802)., may be the honoured person?

Crisilla graxai Templado & Rolan, 1993 was named for Armando Brito Silva, 19??-, fisherman de Vila da Preguiça, nicknamed "Graxa".

Raul Sousa Silva, 19??-199?, Shell collector from Boavista Island, Cape Verde. [Conus raulsilvai Rolán, Monteiro & Fernandes, 1998].

The decapod name Holothuriophyllus silvestrii (Nobili, 1901) is likely a tribute to the Italian entomologist Prof. Dr. Filippo Silvestri, (22 June - Bevagna) 1873-1949 (10 June - Portici).

Prof. Dr. Chung Ja Sim, 19??-, Hannam Univ., is Korea's leading sponge specialist [Clathria simae Hooper, 1996] (Dr. Rob van Soest kindly provided this information).

Prof. Dr. Shyam Sunder Simha, 19??-, Osmania Univ. for the laboratory facilities, Hyderabad, is honoured in the monogenean name Neodiclidophora simhai Gupta & Krishna, 1980.

The cephalopod name Sepia simoniana J. Thiele, 1920, is not named in honour of a person's name, like the French arachnologist Eugène Louis Simon, (30 Apr. - Paris) 1848-1924 (17 Nov.), but was first found in Simon's Bay, South Africa.

Simone in the polychaete name Aricidia simonae Laubier & Ramos, 1974 : (see Reys).

Dr. Mrs. Odile Simonet, 19??-, physician from the Marquesas Isl., donated type material of Orania simonetae Houart, 1990.

The diatom name Anaulus simonsenii Witworski Metzelin, 2000 is dedicated to Dr. Reimer Simonsen, 1931-, Institut für Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven

Prof. Oskar Simony , (23 Apr. - Wien) 1852-1915 (6 Apr. - Wien), mathemathician and passionate entomologist, Agricultural Institute, Wien, is honoured in the fish name Benthodesmus simonyi (Steindachner, 1891), which he found at the Canary Islands.

Charles Torrey Simpson, (3 June - Tiskilwa, Illinois) 1846-1932 (17 Dec. - Lemon City, Florida), Florida malacologist [Cerodrillia simpsoni (Dall, 1887), Turbonilla simpsoni Dall & Bartsch, 1909, Pitar simpsomi (Dall, 1889), Cadulus simpsoni Henderson, 1920]. An US malacological namesake was George Bancroft Simpson, (Boston, Mass.) 1841-1901 (15 Oct.), who learned much from his uncle, Prof. James Hall, (q.v.), State palaeontologist.

Mr. James Simpson, 18??-19??, of Aberdeen, "an indefatigable collector of Mollusca" is honoured in the bivalve name Idas simpsoni (J.T. Marshall, 1900), because he was the first person to collect the bivalves on a whale skull brought to land by a trawler in the N North Sea.

Lacking information about James J. Simpson, 18??-19??, in the octocoral genus name Simpsonella Stiasny, 1940. He published on Ceylon octocorals in 1905, kept publishing on octocorals until 1910 (often in Edinburgh journals) and on octocorals from the Indian Ocean in 1909 together with J. Arthur Thomson (q.v.). Possibly identical with the former James Simpson?

Prof. Dr. Heinrich Rudolf Simroth, (10 May - Riestädt (now a part of Sangerhausen)) 1851-1917 (31 Aug. - Gautzsch, near Leipzig), German malacologist, who e.g. in 1888 published on the malacological fauna of the Azores. He was a teacher at the Oberrealschule in Leipzig. [Simrothiella Pilsbry, 1898, Lepidochitona simrothi J. Thiele, 1902, Planocera simrothi ].

The polyplacophoran name Chiton sinclairi Gray, 1843 may likely be honouring Dr. Andrew Sinclair, (Paisley, Scotland) ca1796-1861 (25 Mar. - drowned in the Rangitata River, New Zealand), one of the British surgeons and botanists on the "Sulphur" expedition in 1834-42.

Joseph Sinel, (13 Dec. - St. Helier) 1844-1929 (2 Apr.), and his son-in-law (from Manchester) Dr. James Hornell, 1865-1949 (24 Feb.), who became most known for becoming a seafaring ethnographer, were involved in the Jersey Biological Station.

Benjamin Solom ("Solly") Singer ( 28 May - VanRhynsdorp, South Africa), 1938-, lives in Rehovot, Israel, since 1979. He is a pharmacist by profession. In his spare time he collects and studies marine molluscs with emphasis on those from the Gulf of Aqaba. He is an active member of the Israel Malacological Society and publishes the results of his studies regularly in various malacological journals. A minute Scissurellid gastropod from the Red Sea (and Western Indian Ocean): Sinezona singeri Geiger, 2006, was named after him for his continuing contributions to Red Sea malacology and in recognition of his service to the malacological community at large, particularly that of Israel. (Curator Henk K. Mienis, Tel Aviv Univ., kindly provided this information).

John Allen Singley, (Aug. - Pennsylvania) 1850-1908 (18 May - Sonora, Mexico), naturalist (mainly collector and ornithologist), who moved to Texas around 1876, is honoured in the bivalve name Cyclinella singleyi Dall, 1902.

Lacking information about D. Th. (or should if be D. F.?) Sinitzin, 18??-19??, (publishing from the Black Sea) in the flatworm name Cercaria sinitzini Rothschild, 1938.

Dr. Boris I. Sirenko, 19??-, Curator at the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg, is honoured in the polyplacophoran name Lepidozona sirenkoi P. Kaas & R. A. Van Belle, 1990.

Louis André Marie Sirvent, (18 May) 1876-1966 (9 Nov. - Paris), studied at the Faculté des Sciences in Paris where he obtained three degrees (“licence”), in natural sciences, physics and mathematics. In January 1905, he was hired by the Oceanographic Museum, Monaco, as “préparateur” for zoology and promoted assistant in October 1908, finally “sous-directeur de laboratoire” (laboratory deputy director?) in January 1928 and retired in March 1945 after the decease of the director of the Museum, Dr. Jules Richard. Sirvent took part in the oeanographic cruise of Prince Albert in 1905. He is honoured in the sponge name Hymedesmia sirventi (Topsent, 1928) and in the cephalopod name Cycloteuthis sirventi Joubin, 1919. (Dr. Jacqueline Carpine-Lancre, Monaco, kindly provided this information)

Prof. Erling Sivertsen, (21 Dec. - Tromsø) 1904-1989 (16 Nov. - Trondheim), Norwegian zoologist and crustaceologist. He started his career in Tromsø, but became curator in Trondheim in 1938. Later he became director of the museum and professor at the Norwegian Teacher's College there [Thoracostoma sivertseni Allgén, 1957, Hypodontolaimus sivertseni Allgén, 1951, Pycnogonum sivertseni Stock, 1955, Stenothoe sivertseni Stephensen, 1949]. (See also Rustad).

The cubozoan name Carybdea sivickisi Stiasny, 1926 is a tribute to the Lithuanian zoologist Prof. Dr. Pranciškus Baltrus Šivickis, (30 Sep.) 1882-1968 (10 Oct.), who, when he was young lived in USA and worked in the Philippines between 1922-1928, published on Lithuanian molluscs in 1960, but served mainly as a parasitologist.

Skarlato : (see spelling Scarlato).

The amphipod name Lepechinella skarphedini Thurston, 1980, is a tribute to Skarp-Hedin, the eldest son of Burnt Njal, in the Icelandic Saga (Njal's Saga).

Is Skeet in the cockle name Afrocardium skeeti (Hedley, 1906) a person's name? (A Miss Skeet, School of Arts, Sydney, is mentioned together with Hedley's name during the 1890s)

James Skene, (7 Mar. - Rubislaw, close to Aberdeen) 1775-1864 (27 Nov. - Frewen Hall, Oxford), water colour artist and Curator at the Museum and Library of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Walter Scott's friend [Skenea Fleming, 1825]. Another Skene was the correspondent of Linnaeus, Pennant, Walker, Solander and Ellis, Dr. David Skene, (baptized on 13 Aug.) 1731-1770 (27 Dec. - Aberdeen), from Aberdeen, who after studies in Paris settled as a medical practitioner in his home town, where he built a museum consisting of plants, minerals and shells and left numerous manuscrips at the time of his death [Palmiskenea skenei (Ellis & Solander, 1786)].

The decapod name Salmoneus sketi Fransen, 1992 is in honour of Prof. Dr. Boris Sket, (30 July - Ljubljana) 1936-, speleobiologist at the Univ. of Ljubljana, Slovenia (and Rector Magnificus of the university 1989-91).

Edwin Skinner-Wittig, 19??-1989, and his wife Renate, 1922-1989, (see Wittig) are honoured in the gastropod name Conus nobilis skinneri da Motta, 1982.

Carol Christine Skoglund, 1924-, Phoenix, Arizona, US malacologist [Terebra carolae Bratcher, 1979, Lepidozona skoglundi (Ferreira, 1986), Muricopsis skoglundae Myers, Hertz & D' Attilio, 1993, Cotonopsis (Cotonopsis) skoglundae Jung, 1989]. (Lepidozona skoglundi may perhaps instead be honouring her husband Paul E. Skoglund, 1918-1997, who together with his wife for many years investigated the mollusk fauna in the Gulf of California).

Prof. Dr. Karl Jonas Tage Skogsberg, (5 Nov. - Gothenburg) 1887-1951 (16 Aug. - Carmel), doctoral thesis in Uppsala 1920 (a thick dissertation about some taxa within Myodocopida), moved after that to California, where he held a professorship in Zoology between 1934-49 - had to quit then because of ill health - at the Hopkins Marine Biol. Lab., Stanford Univ. He defined a phylym this way: "It is like a Bach sonata - variations on a theme, but no matter how many variations, the theme remains constant". He became popular among students, because his and his wife's home was open for all who needed to discuss academical or other problems. [Skogsbergia Poulsen, 1962, Metaconchoecia skogsbergi (Iles, 1953), Skogsbergiella Kornicker, 1975 skogsbergi (Kornicker, 1971), Asteropteron skogsbergi Poulsen, 19??, Turbonilla skogsbergi Strong, 1937, Hemicythere skogsbergi Whatley, Moguilevsky, Chadwick, Toy & Ramos, 1998].

Hilmer Nils Erik Skoog, (20 Nov. - Örgryte) 1870-1927 (15 July - Göteborg), began his career in Göteborg (Gothenburg) at the Natural History Museum as errand-boy during the summer 1884, became preparator assistent in 1888 and conservator disciple in 1892. In mid 1900 he was appointed 2:nd conservator at the Museum, becoming first conservator from Jan. 1 1904 until he died. He took part in Nordenskiöld's expedition to Greenland in 1909 in order to collect for the Museum and collected in South Africa between 1911-13. He is honoured in the flatworm name Tetrabothius skoogi Nybelin, 1916. (Dr. Kennet Lundin - Curator at the Museum - kindly provided this information).

Aleksandr Semenovich. Skorikov, 1871-1942, at the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg, is honoured in the asteroid name Henricia skorikovi D'yakonov, 1950. (Dr, Andrey Granovich, St Petersburg, kindly provided the full name).

Prof. Dr. Carl Johan Fredrik Skottsberg, (1 Dec. - Karlshamn) 1880-1963 (14 June), Swedish botanist and research traveller, who e.g. took part in Otto Nordenskjöld's adventourous voyage with "Antarctic" to Antarctic waters in 1901-03. PhD in Uppsala in 1907. From 1919 active in Göteborg (Gothenburg) [Artedidraco skottsbergi Lönnberg, 1905, Gigartina skottsbergii Setchell & N.L.Gardner, 1936].

Prof. Konstantin Ivanovich Skrjabin, (7 Dec. - St. Petersburg) 1878-1972 (17 Oct. - Moscow), Russian helminthologist and a relative of the famous composer Aleksandr Nikolajevich Skrjabin, (6 Jan.) 1872-1915 (27 Apr.). When he was young, he studied under Braun (q.v.) & Lühe (q.v.) in Königsberg, under Fuhrman (q.v.) in Neuchatel, under Raillet (q.v.) & Henry (q.v.) in Paris and under Hertwig (q.v.) in München. [Skrjabinaria Lubimov, 1927, Skrjabinia Fuhrmann, 1932, Skrjabinus Bhalerao, 1936, Skrjabinispirura Baruš, 1963, Skrjabillanus Shigin & Shigina, 1958, Skrjabinagia Kassimov, 1942, Skrjabinisakis Mozgovoi, 1951, Skrjabinobronema Gushanskaya, 1950, Skrjabinocapillaria Skarbilovitch, 1946, Skrjabinocercella Gushanskaya, 1953, Skrjabinocerina Matschulski, 1952, Skrjabinochora Spassky, 1948, Skrjabinoeces Sudarikov, 1950, Skrjabinolecithum Belous, 1954, Skrjabinomermis Polozhentzev, 1952, Skrjabinoparaksis Krotov, 1949, Skrjabinostrongylus Boev, 1950, Skrjabinotaenia Akhumyan, 1946, Skrjabinovermis Belopolskaya, 1953, Skrjabinodendrium Skarbilovitch, 1943, Skrjabinopsolus Ivanov & Murygin, 1937, Skrjabinosomum Skrjabin, 1944, Skrjabinelazia Sypliaxov, 1930, Skrjabinema Verestchagin, 1926, Skrjabingylus Petrow, 1927, Skrjabiniella Issaitschikow, 1928, Skrjabinochona Guschanskaja, 1931, Skrjabinofilaria Travassos, 1925, Skrjabinoptera Schulz, 1927, Skrjabinotrema Orloff, Erschoff & Badanin, 1934, Skrjabinura Gnedina, 1933, Skryabinocerca Shikhobalova, 1930, Skrjabinalius, Fasciola skrjabini Delyamure, 1955, Crowcrocaecum skrjabini (Iwanitzky, 1928), Magnibursatus skrjabini (Vlasenko, 1931), Notocotylus skrjabini Ablasov, 1953, Psilochasmus skrjabini Gnedina, 1946, Retinometra skrjabini (Mathevossian, 1945), Trematodes: Skrjabiniopsolus skrjabini Osmanov, 1940, Liliatrema skrjabini Gubanov, 1953, Patagifer skrjabini Hilmy, 1949, Schistorchis skrjabini Paruchin, 1963, Tetrameres skrjabini Panova, 1926, Renicola skrjabini (Leonov, 1958); monogeneans: Dactylogyrus scrjabini Achmerov, 1954, Paradiplozoon skrjabini (Achmerov, 1974), Cestodes: Idiogenes skrjabini Movsesyan, 1968, Panuwa skrjabini (Ivanitzky, 1940]. (Prof. A. Gaevskaya, Sevastopol, kindly added several of the eponyms)

Prof. Dr. Heinrichs Leonhards Skuja, (8 Sep.) 1892-1972 (19 July), Latvian phycologist and protistologist, from 1943 professor of cryptogamy and general botany in Riga, from 1944 he lived in Uppsala, Sweden and in 1947 he got a personal scientific appointment there [Skujamonas Skvortzov,1969].

Martinus Slabber, (31 Oct. - Middelburg) 1740-1835 (30 Apr. - Gravenpolder), Dutch amateur zoologist. Nothing is known about the education he received, but during his lifetime he has served in numerous important public positions: bailiff, alderman, mayor, president of the court of justice and tax collector. In his leisure time he collected and studied minute zoological specimens mainly originating from the North Sea. Most of his observations he described and illustrated with fine drawings in his book "Natuurkundige Verlustigingen" (1769-1778), of which also a German translation exists (1775-1781). Some of the described animals turned out to be new species. He wrote also a guide for taxidermists how to prepare stuffed birds (1816). His work in the field of natural history was appreciated everywhere and he was awarded membership of several highly esteemed Scientific Organizations in the Netherlands and Germany. Six marine taxa have been dedicated to Martinus Slabber: a genus of Medusa: Slabberia Oken, 1815 [unfortunately proposed in a work rejected for nomenclatural purpose by Opinion 417 of the ICZN]; a genus of Copepoda: Slaberius (sic!) Rafinesque, 1815 [a nude name]; a genus of Hydrozoa: Slabberia Forbes, 1846 [this name is not preoccupied and in fact it is an overlooked older name for Dipurena McCrady, 1857]; a genus of Isopoda: Slabberina Van Beneden, 1861 [a junior synonym of Eurydice Leach, 1815]; a species of Ctenophora: Callianira slabberi De Haan, 1827 [a junior synonym of Callianira hexagona (Eschscholtz)] and a species of Mysidacea: Podopsis slabberi Van Beneden, 1861 [current name Mesopodopsis slabberi]. A later Malacological compatriot was A. Slabber, 1???-ca1977. (Dr. Henk K. Mienis, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, kindly provided all this information).

Mrs. Shirley M. Slack-Smith, (2 Mar.) 1935-, curator at the Western Australian Musem, collected material of Fissidentalium shirleyae Lamprell & Healey, 1998 and helped the authors of Eatonina shirleyae Ponder & Yoo, 1980 [Westrapyrgus slacksmithae Ponder, Clark & Miller, 1999].

Walter Percy Sladen, (30 June - Halifax, Yorkshire) 1849-1900 (11 June - Northbrook Park, Exeter, but collapsed and died on a sightseeing trip to Italy, in Florence), English echinodermatologist, who e.g. worked up and published most of the Challenger material [Perknaster sladeni (Perrier, 1891), Stegophiura sladeni (Duncan, 1879)].

Lacking information about G.S. Slastnikov in the polychaete name Pterocirrus slastnikovi Annenkova, 1946 and the amphipod name Stenothoides slastnikovi Gurjanova, 1948. Slastnikov published on polychaeta from 1939 until at least the end of the 1950s.

Asteropella slatteryi Kornicker, 1981 was named for Dr. Peter N. Slattery, 19??-, of Moss Landing Marine Lab.

John Slattery, 19??-, US biologist, who has worked much on the US west coast and also in the Antarctic, is a very good friend of the author Kathy Conlan (Ottawa) of the amphipod name Jassa slatteryi Conlan, 1990. (Prof. Wim Vader, Tromsø, kindly provided this information).

The Belgian malacologist Dr. Willy J.M. Sleurs, 1952-, at the Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen, Brussels, is honoured in the gastropod name Alvania sleursi Amati, 1987. (Andrew Vik, Tampa, Florida kindly provided the first name and the nationality).

The gastropod name Triphora slevini F. Baker, 1926 is in honour of Mr. Joseph Richard Slevin, (13 Sep. - San Francisco) 1881-1957 (15 Feb.), Assistant Curator of Herpetology of the Californian Academy of Sciences, "who was in charge of the Expedition of 1921". He had also been on the Academy's Expedition to the Galapagos Islands with the schooner Academy in 1905-1906.

Machiel Slierings, (30 Nov.) 1942-, in the gastropod name Alvania slieringsi Hoenselaar & Goud, 1998 and in the octocoral name Sinularia slieringsi van Ofwegen & Vennam, 1994 is Collection Manager at Department of Invertebrates Zoology of The National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands. (Dr. Slierings kindly provided the information about himself).

L. van der Slik, 1899-1986, Dutch malacologist, is honoured in the gastropod name Cingula sliki Verduin, 1984.

Sloane : (see Leach).

The bivalve name Siliqua sloati Hertlein, 1961, must be a tribute to Lewis Warrington Sloat, (26 Nov.) 1815-1886 (3 Mar.), US malacologist, "a pioneer conchologist in California" - as Hertlein himself had expressed it, in a memorial paper from 1956.

Jan G. Sloff, 1892-1979, Dutch Malacologist.

Herman Sloots, (25 Dec. - Oosterhout, the Netherlands) 1923-1998 (9 Apr. - Breda, the Netherlands)), was a teacher, who worked on the Caribbean island of Aruba, part of the Netherlands Antilles, from 1949 until 1969. On Aruba he became acquainted with Petrus Verberne (Frère Fredericus) (q.v.) and like the latter started to collect marine shells. In 1969 he returned to the Netherlands, where he maintained good contacts with De Jong, one of the authors of 'Marine Gastropods of Curaçao, Aruba and Bonaire' (1988). He was a member of the Belgian Society of Conchology and attended regularly their meetings in Antwerp. He has exchanged much material with foreign collectors. His collection is now taken care of by his daughters Heleen and Anke Sloots. A marine gastropod is named after him Engina slootsi De Jong & Coomans, 1988, which is now considered a junior synonym of Habromorula biconica (Blainville, 1832). (Dr. Henk K. Mienis, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, kindly provided this information).

Prof. Dr. Carel Philip Sluiter, (16 Nov. - Amsterdam) 1854-1933 (7 Aug.), Dutch zoologist, who at least worked on tunicates, sipunculids, echiurans and echinoderms. In 1878 he followed the whaler "Willem Barents" to Spitsbergen & Novaja Zemblja on a collecting trip, after which he spent two years in Jakarta as teacher and collector. He returned to Amsterdam in 1891, becoming assistant to Max Weber (q.v.), succeding him as zoology professor in 1898. [Nymphon sluiteri Hoek, 1881, Cribrochalina sluiteri Vosmaer, 1881-82, Sluiterina Monro, 1927, Nephasoma sluiteri (ten Broeke, 1925), Proneomenia sluiteri Hubrecht, 1880, Ecteinascidia sluiteri Herdman, 1906].

The isopod name Cymothoa slusarskii Rokicki, 1986 is likely a tribute to Prof. Dr. Wieslaw Ślusarski, 1913-1987, Polish parasitologist.

The branchiobdellidan species name Cambarincola smalleyi Holt, 1964 and the mainly freshwater crab species Demanietta smalleyi (Bott, 1966) may possibly honour the crustacean worker Alfred Evans Smalley, (29 Feb. - Upland) 1928-1994 (29 Mar.), US crustacean worker. The palaeozoic crinoid name Physetocrinus smalleyi Weller, S., 1909, however, must be named for a different person.

Genus Smeagol Climo 1980 was named for - not a person - but after the well-known character Smeagol from the "Lord of Rings" by Tolkien of which life style reminding in some manner of this marine pulmonate.

The Danish hydrographer Jens Smed, (20 Mar. - Vinterslev) 1914-, should possibly not be in this list, but he has deep knowledge in history of oceanography, especially the history of ICES ond has published much about such things, especially after having retired from ICES in 1984, so this is the reason.

The nematode name Siphonolaimus smetti Chen & Vincx, 2000 is likely - despite the spelling - a tribute to Guy De Smet, 19??-, Univ. of Gent, Belgium.

Lacking information about Smidt in the bivalve name Lyonsiella smidti Friele, 1886.

Dr. Igor S. Smirnov, (25 Nov. - Mariupol (Zhdanov), Ukraine) 1945-, ophiuroid researcher at the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg.

Sergei Sergeyevich Smirnov, (7 Oct.) 1907-1942 (3 Feb.), Russian copepodologist, working partly in the Arctic Sea. He was married to his colleauge Akatova (q.v.), but died far before her during the long siege of Leningrad. He is honoured in 11 copepod species names as well as the cyclopoid genera Smirnoviella Monchenko, 1977 and Smirnovipina Martinez-Arbizu, 1997. [Cletodes smirnovi Bodin, 1970, Smirnovipina Martinez-Arbizu, 1997, Metahuntemannia smirnovi Drzycimski, 1968, Cerviniopsis smirnovi Por, 1969, Halectinosoma smirnovi (Tschislenko, 1967)]. (Dr. D. Damkaer kindly provided most of this information).

The N Pacific skate name Bathyraja smirnovi (Soldatov & Pavlenko, 1915) from the Okhotsk Sea, was named for Mr. Smirnov, 18??-19??, Inspector of Fisheries.

Hendrik Gerhard de Smit, 1???-1964, Dutch Malacologist.

The flatworm name Neolepidapedon smithi Bray & Gibson, 1989 is named for the fish parasitologist John W. Smith, 19??-, at the DAFS Marine Laboratory, Aberdeen, Scotland. (Dr. Rod Bray kindly provided this information).

Prof. Allyn Goodwin Smith, 1893-1976, who was a malacologist with the California Academy of Sciences and wrote papers on many groups of molluscs, but mostly on the polyplacophora and the terrestrial gastropods of the western United States, is honoured in the polyplacophoran names Lepidozona allynsmithi Ferreira, 1974 and Lepidozona allyni Ferreira, 1977 [Propebela smithi Bartsch, 1944, Vitrinella smithi Bartsch, 1927, Margarites smithi Bartsch, 1927, Terebra allyni Bratcher & Burch, 1970, Fusinus (Fusinus) allyni McLean, 1970, likely Teredothyra smithi P. Bartsch, 1927]. (Andrew Vik, Tampa, Florida kindly supplied this information). Obituary in 1977 in the Nautilus 91(1): 37.

The algal name Audouinella lorrain-smithiae (Lyle, 1920) Dixon, 1976 is likely honouring the British lichenologist Annie Lorrain Smith, (23 Oct. - Liverpool) 1854-1937 (7 Sep. - London).

Edgar Albert Smith, (29 Nov. - London) 1847-1916 (22 July), British malacologist, from 1867 working at the British Museum [Calyptraea edgariana Melvill, 1898, Edgaria Bourguignat, 1890, Mitrolumna smithi Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1896, Turbonilla edgari Melvill, 1896, Sepia smithi Hoyle, 1885, possibly Neothais smithi J. Brazier, 1889, possibly Poirieria smithi M.M. Schepman 1911, possibly Distorsio smithi (von Maltzan, 1884), possibly Libidoclaea smithi (Miers, 1886].

Dr. Brian J. Smith, (June - Stockport, England) 1939-, Australian malacologist active as curator at Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery, Tasmania.

Prof. Craig Randall Smith, (28 Aug. - Bay Shore, NY) 1954-, oceanographer at the University of Hawai'i at Manoa.[Cocculina craigsmithi McLean, 1992, Harmothoe craigsmithi Pettibone, 1993]

Tomicodon lavettsmithi Williams and Tyler, 2003 is named in honor of Clarence Lavett Smith, (19 Dec. - Hamburg, New York) 1927-, Emeritus Curator of Ichthyology at the American Museum of Natural History, in recognition of his many contributions to the systematics and behavioral ecology of Caribbean reef fishes. (Riccardo Giannuzzi-Savelli, Palermo, kindly provided this information).

Lacking information about Dr. F.H. Smith, 1???-, Oregon State University, in the nematode name Gammanema smithi Murphy, 1964.

Herbert Huntinton Smith, (21 Jan.) 1851-1919 (22 Mar.), curator at the Carnegie museum and Latin America natural history explorer. Smith was very deaf during his last years and ended up like Jägerskiöld (q.v.), i.e. he was killed by a locomotive while walking along the railroad tracks near Tuscaloosa.

Dr. Hugh McCormick Smith, (21 Nov. - Washington, D.C.) 1865-1941 (28 Sep. - Washington, D.C.), US ichthyologist, who also travelled in Thailand, collecting, birds, fishes, reptiles etc [Lobonema smithii Mayer, 1910, Scopelosaurus smithii Bean, 1925].

James Edward Smith : (see Linnaeus).

Prof. Sir James Eric Smith, (23 Feb. - Hull) 1909-1990 (3 Sep.), F.R.S., lecturer from 1932 in Manchester, then Sheffield and then Cambridge. From 1950 Professor at Queen Mary College, London, who has published on invertebrates and the fate of marine fauna after the Torrey Canyon accident. He was Director of the Marine Biological Association's Laboratory in Plymouth from 1965 until he retired in 1974. His posthumous book, together with Dr. Keith Harrison (q.v.), about the Plymouth born naturalist pioneer W.E. Leach (q.v.) and his family from 2008, is well worth reading. [Arenosetella smithi (E. J. Perkins, 1956) = Tetanopsis smithi E. J. Perkins, 1956]. (Dr. D. Damkaer kindly provided the information about which Smith, who is honoured here)

Dr. James Leonard Brierley Smith, (26 Sep. - Graaf Reinet, Cape, South Africa) 1897-1968 (8 Jan. (from suicide by cyanide after long illness)), wrote the definitive account "Sea Fishes of Southern Africa" in 1949; this went to several editions. "J.L.B. Smith" is best remembered for his crucial role in the 1930s discovery of the "living fossil" coelacanth (Dr. D. Damkaer kindly provided this information). Prof. Margaret Mary Smith, (26 Sep. - Indwe, Eastern Cape, South Africa)) 1916-1987 (6 Sep. - Grahamstown), South African ichthyologist, was his wife.

J.P. George Smith, 18??-1???, was son-in-law of J.E. Gray (q.v.), and collected marine invertebrates in Brazil around 1844.

Kathleen P. Smith, 1960-, is assistant curator at the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.) in the division of Echinoderms. She is in charge of the administration of the museum's sponge collection and assists Klaus Rützler in scientific studies on the ecology and systematics of sponges [Spongorites smithae Desqueyroux & Van Soest, 1997]. (Dr. Rob van Soest kindly provided this information).

Lourens "Laurie" Johannes Smith, 19??-2003, South African amateur malacologist.

Lillian Cassat Smith, 1900-1971, US malacologist, i.a. publishing on Cardiidae.

Maxwell Smith, 1888-1961, US malacologist, publishing on Volutidae.

Philip Wayne Smith, 1921-1986, US ichthyologist, working in Illinois.

Dr. Ralph Ingram Smith, (3 July - Braintree, Mass.) 1916-1993 (12 May - Santa Rosa, Cal.), U.S. polychaetologist and marine biologist from Cambridge Mass., but working, after his PhD under John Welsh (q.v.) in Harward, at Univ. of California. (more)

Sanderson Smith, (London, England) 1832-1915 (Port Richmond, Staten Island), USA, was a colleague of Addison Emery Verrill (see Bush). He took part in some of the early cruises with the Albatross [Buccinum sandersoni Verrill, 1882, Cingula sandersoni Verrill, 1884, Circulus smithi Bush, 1897, Turbonilla smithi Verrill, 1880, Pleurotomella sandersoni Verrill,1884, Buccinum sandersoni Verrill, 1882, Agatrix smithi (Dall, 1888), Odostomia smithii Verrill, 1880, Atys sandersoni Dall, 1881, Tindaria smithii Dall, 1886, Carditopsis smithii (Dall, 1896), Astarte smithii Dall, 1896, Vesicomya smithii Dall, 1889, Cetoconcha smithii Dall, 1908, likely Diplothyra smithii Tryon, 1862, likely Poromya smithii W. H. Dall, 1908]. (Andrew Vik, Tampa, Florida kindly supplied this information).

Eulimella shelagae Van Aartsen, Gittenberger & Goud, 2000 was named for Mrs. Shelagh M. Smith, 19??-, associated with National Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh.

Prof. Dr. Sidney Irving Smith, (18 Feb. - Norway, Maine) 1843-1926 (17 May), U.S. zoologist, who graduated at Yale University in 1867, stayed there as an assistant and was appointed the first professor of comparative anatomy at the deptartment of zoology in 1875, working on crustaceans (although he had planned an entomological career from the beginning). He took part in several expeditions, e.g. together with his Yale colleague and brother-in-law Verrill (see Bush), which both grow up in the town of Norway, Maine. He published more than 70 papers and retired from Yale in 1906, but remained there as Prof. emer. [Siphonoecetes smithianus Rathbun, 1908, Lembos smithi Holmes, 1905, Pandarus smithi Rathbun, 1886, Metapenaeopsis smithi (Schmitt, 1924), Oxyurostylis smithi Rathbun, 1908].

Dr. Judith Terry Smith, 1940-, Smithsonian Institution, is honoured in the gastropod name Ameranella terrysmithae (Hickman, 1980).

Mr. Thomas Smith found Caryophyllia smithii Stokes & Broderip, 1828 first (at the south coast of Devonshire).

The Pacific nudibranch name Glossodoris tomsmithi Bertsch & Gosliner, 1989, is honouring the San Diego / Hawaii / Montana / Arizona peripatetic resident, Tom Smith, 1934-, research scuba diving associate of author Bertsch. (Dr. Hans Bertsch, USA, kindly provided the date and photo, which is copyrighted by him).

Mr. Joshua Toulmin Smith, (29 May - Birmingham) 1816-1869 (28 Apr.), British amateur palaeontologist, who published on hexactinellids. He educated himself to be a lawyer and moved to London in 1835, but lived with his wife in USA between 1837-42, and in 1857 he incoporated Toulmin in his surname after his great grandfather Joshua Toulmin.

Prof. of Natural History at Cork from 1854, Rev. William Smith, (Ballymoney, Antrim) 1808-1857 (Cork), F.L.S., published posthumously on the diatoms in the British Museum in 1859. He may be the honoured person in the diatom names Diploneis smithii (Brébisson) Cleve and Mastogloia smithii Thwaites, but the US astronomer Prof. Hamilton Lanphere Smith, (5 Nov. - New London, Connecticut) 1819-1903 and James Smith, 1760-1840, who also were early algal workers, can not be outlooked in this context.

James Smith of Jordanhill, (15 Aug. - Glasgow) 1782-1867 (17 Jan.), owner of the yacht the "Raven", collected marine organisms in Scotland, i.a. together with Fleming (q.v.) and Landsborough (q.v.) and (like Robert M'Andrew (q.v.) of Liverpool), he supported Forbes with his dredging adventures [Mangelia smithii Forbes, 1840] (more info).

The shark name Leptocharias smithi (Müller & Henle, 1839) as well as the SE Atlantic skate name Bathyraja smithii (Müller & Henle, 1841) are likely named for Sir Dr. Andrew Smith, (3 Dec. - Hawick, Roxburghshire) 1797-1872 (12 Aug.), founder of the first South African Museum, who in London published "Illustrations from the zoology of South Africa ..." between 1838-50. Initially he was an army surgeon, having achieved his M.D. in Edinburgh in 1819. He was sent to South Africa in 1820, but returned to England in January 1837 [possibly Bulbus smithii (Brown, 1839), possibly the crab name Eriphia smithi McLeay, 1838, because its type locality is South Africa].

Which Smith is honoured in the Indo-Pacific crab name Neosarmatium smithii (H. Milne Edwards, 1853) and in the scleractinian name Culicia smithii (Milne Edwards & Haime, 1849)?

Pseudaphanostoma smithrii Hooge & Tyler, 2003 is in honour of Dr. Julian P.S. Smith III, 19??-, Winthrop Univ., US meiofauna researcher, "in recognition of his initial discovery of this species and celebrating the puzzlement his enumerated name caused our European colleagues".

Lacking information about J.H. Smits, 19??-, and Daniel Smits, 19??-, Zoologisch Museum, Amsterdam, who in 1960 collected the type of the gastropod Nassarius smitsorum Kool, 1990 in Papua New Guinea.

Prof. Dr. Fredrik (Frits) Adam Smitt, (9 May - Halmstad) 1839-1904 (19 Feb. - Stockholm), Swedish bryozoologist and ichthyologist, PhD in 1863, curator at the Vertebrate Department of the Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm; was a member of two expeditions to Svalbard (1861 & 1868) and the "Josephine"-expedition in 1869 in the Atlantic and collected bryozoans along the Bohuslän coast during the 1860s; published i.a. "Kritisk förteckning öfver Skandinaviska hafsbryozoer" [Smittina Norman, 1903 smitti (Kirchenpauer, 1874), Smittoidea Osburn, 1952, Parasmittina Osburn, 1952, Plagiosmittia Canu & Bassler, 1917, Smittipora Jullien, 1882, Smittistoma Canu,1908, Rhamphosmittina Hayward & Thorpe,1988, Smittinella Bassler,1934, Filicrisia smitti (Kluge, 1946), Kinetoskias smitti Danielssen, 1868, Notoplites smitti (Norman, 1868), Porella smitti Kluge, 1907, Schizoporella smitti Kluge, 1962, Turbicellepora smitti (Kluge, 1962), Atylus smitti (Goës, 1866), Ophiacantha smitti Ljungman, 1871, Protoptilum smitti Kölliker, 1872, Disporella smitti (Calvet, 1906)].

Dr. Andrei V. Smurov, 19??-, who organized and headed the 9:th cruise of the R.N. Academic Petrovsky, is honoured in the polychaete name Polydorella smurovi Tzetlin & Britayev, 1985.

Mr. T.P. Smyth, 18??-1???, from the Plymouth area, friend of Bate (q.v.) & Westwood (q.v.), who frequently placed his yacht at their disposal for dredging purposes [possibly Anapagurus smythi Ingle, 1993 - but the name is likely honouring a more recent person, e.g. Dr. Tim J. Smyth, 19??-, at the Plymouth Marine Laboratory].

The British malacologist Kathleen Rosemary Smythe, (14 June) 1923-1991 (30 June), is likely the person honoured in the bivalve name Spondylus smytheae Lamprell, 1998.

Jon-Arne Sneli, 1935-, Norwegian marine biologist (Associate Professor) at Trondhjem Biological Station, Trondheim, specialized in molluscs; now retired, but still active. Because of his long experience of expeditions off Norway, he and his long time colleague Torleiv Brattegaard (q.v.) have been named Knoll & Tott (Scandinavian names of the cartoon twin brothers in Katzenjammer Kids) of the Norwegian Sea, but which of them, who is Knoll and who is Tott, they do not seem to know. [Pseudomma jasi Meland & Brattegard, 1995].

The ascidian name Amaroucium snodgrassi Ritter, 1899 is likely honouring Robert Evans Snodgrass, (5 July - St. Louis, Missouri) 1875-1962 (4 Sep. - Washington, D.C.). He mainly worked on entomological anatomy after his education at Stanford, but also as a painter and cartoonist in San Francisco and New York, eventually returning to Washington and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. A namesake is James Marion Snodgrass, (5 Mar. - Hopkins, Ohio) 1908-1994 (11 Sep. - San Diego), Scripps Institution of Oceanography, instrumentation designer and developer.

Mrs. Allene L. Snow, 19??-, of Marathon, Florida, collected the first specimens of Cyphoma alleneae Cate, 1973.

Prof. John Otterbein Snyder, (14 Aug. - Butler, Indiana) 1867-1943 (19 Aug.), Stanford University ichthyologist.

The gastropod name Conus soaresi Trovao, 1978, is not in honour of Gaspar Soares, 1???-19??, malacologist from Brazil, but of Guilherme E. Soares, 19??-, Portuguese shell collector and dealer.

The Russian helminthologist Prof. Andrei Andreevich Sobolev , 1904-????, is honoured in the digenean name Heterotestophyes sobolevi Leonov, 1957. He began his scientific career in 1925 and published at least until the 1960s.

Lacking information about Soel in the asteroid name Asterodiscides soelae Rowe, 1985.

Dr. Rob W.M. van Soest, 1946-, is university docent and curator of the Coelenterate department of the Zoological Museum of Amsterdam. After his dissertation on pelagic tunicates, he soon turned to sponges. His major efforts in sponge biology are systematics, phylogeny and biogeography of Demosponges. He emphasized the use of cladistics in sponge classification. A more recent interest is chemosystematics, i.e. the use of secondary metabolites as characters for the classification [Halichondria vansoesti Hooper et al., 1995, Igernella vansoesti Uriz & Maldonado, 1996, Petrosia vansoesti Boury-Esnault et al.,1994, Psammoclema vansoesti Wiedenmayer, 1990, Soestia Kott, 1998 (Tunicata, Thaliacea, Salpida)]. (Dr. Rob van Soest himself kindly provided this information).

The scaphopod name Cadulus sofiae Scarabino, 1995 is in honour of the author's daughter Sofia Scarabino, 1990-,.

The gastrotrich name Xenotrichula soikai Schrom, 1966 must be a tribute to the Italian researcher Prof. Antonio Giordani-Soika, (9 May - Venezia) 1913-1997 (2 Jan. - Venezia), director of the Natural History Museum, Venice.

Prof. Ivan Ivanovich Sokolov, 1885-1972, Russian zoologist at the Univ. of St. Petersburg, a disciple of Schewiakoff (q.v.). Another marine biologist and namesake, Boris Seregeevich Sokolov, (9 Apr.) 1914-, may possibly be related?

Dr. Marina Nikolaevna Sokolova, (5 Aug.) 1927-2002 (5 Mar.), benthos researcher at the P.P. Shirshov Institute, Moscow, married (in her 2:nd marriage) to the ichthyologist Dr. Viktor Markelovich Makushok, 1924-1992.

Lacking information about Sokonumer in the fish name Bathycallionymus sokonumeri (Komohara, 1936).

Solander : (see Ellis).

The Italian geologist and palaentologist Abbot Ambrogio Maria Soldani Baldo, (15 June - Pratovecchio) 1736-1808 (14 July - Firenze), also published in zoology and is beside J.B. Beccari (q.v.) considered to be the father of micropaleontology.

Vladimir K. Soldatov, 1875-1941, had been one of Knipovitsch's (q.v.) assistents during the turn of centuries (together with Leonid Breitfuss), but later published much on fishes, e.g. together with Lindberg (q.v.) & M. Pavlenko (q.v.), is honoured in the polychaete name Pectinaria (Cistenides) soldatovi Annenkova, 1929. Also a seamount at 21°43'S, 82°03'W is named Soldatov after him.

Dr. George Alan Solem, (21 June) 1931-1990 (26 Mar.), US malacologist [Primovula solemi Cate, 1973].

Solene : (see Morris).

Antoine Joseph Jean Solier, (8 Feb. - Marseille) 1792-1851 (27 Nov. - Marseille), French- Algerian algologist [Spatoglossum solieri (Chauvin ex Montagne) Kützing, 1843, Pedobesia solieri Feldmannn ex Abélard & Knoepffler].

Solis : (see Muñiz Solis).

Dr. Vivianne W. Solís-Weiss, 19??-, Mexican polychaetologist, is honoured in the polychaete name Lumbricalis viviannae Carrera-Parra, 2004. (André Trombeta, Brazil, kindly provided nationality and middle initial).

Professor William Johnson Sollas, (30 May - Birmingham) 1849-1936 (20 Oct. - died in his working office), FRS, (another picture) British geologist, palaeontologist and spongiologist. He was at the height of his career Professor of Geology and Mineralogy at the University of Dublin. His list of publications on sponges is limited, but his magnum opus, the Tetractinellid sponges of the "Challenger" expedition (1888) is still a bench mark volume. In this monograph all Tetractinellids known at that time are treated, including the many dredged by H.M.S. "Challenger". Many of the genera and families erected by Sollas are still recognized as valid. He also did some papers on Norwegian fjord sponges (1880-1881). He was also the leader of the Royal Society expedition to the Funafuti atoll in 1896, in which i.a. also Charles Hedley (q.v.) took part. N.B. His youngest daughter, Igerna Brünhilda Johnson Sollas, 1877-1965, also publsihed a few papers on sponges and inspired the genus name Igernella Topsent, 1905 and her two years older sister Dr. Herta Beatrice Coryn Sollas, 1875-19??, also became a scientist and achieved her PhD from the Univ. of Heidelberg in 1903. [Amphius sollasi Burton & Rao, 1932, Callipelta sollasi Lévi &Lévi, 1989, Erylus sollasi Von Lendenfeld,1910, Isops sollasi Lendenfeld, 1910, Pachastrella sollasi Topsent, 1890, Penares sollasi Thiele, 1900, Proteleia sollasi Dendy & Ridley , 1886, Sollasella Lendenfeld, 1888, Sollasellidae Lendenfeld, 1888, Tethya sollasi Bergquist & Kelly-Borges, 1991, Poecillastra sollasi (Topsent, 1892), Phellia sollasi Haddon A. C., 1898, Alcyonium sollasi Wright & Studer, 1889]. (Dr. Rob van Soest kindly provided most of this information).

Prof. Edmond Sollaud, 1887-19??, French zoologist, Prof. in Lyon between 1939-1960, is honoured in the decapod name Thoralus sollaudi (Zariquiey-Cenarro, 1935)..

Herman, Graf zu Solms-Laubach, (23 Dec. - Laubach, at Giessen) 1842-1915 (24 Nov. - Strasbourg), published "Die Corallinenalgen des Golfes von Neapel und er angrenzenden Meeres- Abschnitte..." in 1881.

Priontoleberis solomani Kornicker, 1986 is named for Carl H. Soloman, 19??-, who collected some of the specimens upon which the species is based.

Solomon in the myxozoan name Alataspora solomoni Yurakhno, 1988 : (see Shul'man) [Prof. Albina Gaevskaya kindly provided the information about which Solomon her PhD student Violetta Yurakhno had honoured in this name].

Alla Ivanovna Solonchenko, (22 May) 1940-, helminthologist; until 2003 she worked in the Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, Sevastopol. Main interest: the helminths, mainly from the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov fishes. [trematode: Stephanostomum solonchenkoi Parukhin, 1968]. (Prof. Albina Gaevskaya, Sevastopol, kindly provided this information).

Dr. Manuel Rodrígez Solórzano, 19??-, has produced regional monographs on the sponges of NW Spain (Galicia and Asturias) [Guitarra solorzanoi Cristobo, 1998]. (Dr. Rob van Soest kindly provided this information).

Lacking information about Solowetzkaja in the sponge name Haliclona solowetzkaja (Hentschel, 1929).

Somchai : (see Bussarawit).

Sir George Somers, (24 Apr. - Lyme Regis, Dorset) 1554-1610 (9 Nov. - Bermudas), English naval commander, who lead several successful privateering ventures against the Spanish; knighted in 1603. Setting out from England with settlers for Virginia in 1609, they were shipwrecked and ended up in the Bermudas on July 28 that year - one of several written versions of how he was shipwrecked may have inspired Shakespeare's The Tempest - continued to Virginia, returning soon, but died e few months later, beeing the first Governor of Bermuda (for a time named the Somers Islands, but now known as Bermuda after it's first discoverer Juan de Bermúdez, 14??-1570, who in 1505 landed there as captain of La Garza, a Spanish vessel ), the type locality of Somersiella Hart & Manning, 1981.

Lieutenant (later Commander, later Vice-Amiral) Henry Boyle Townshend Somerville RN FRAI, (7 Sep.) 1863-1936 (obituary in The Times 26 Mar. 1936, p. 16; he had retired in 1919 and returned to his family home in Castletownshend close to Cork, but was murdered by IRA for writing references to help Irish boys into the British navy, although his political view was Nationalistic) of Irish origin and brother of the Irish novelist Edith Anna Œnone Sommerville, 1858-1949, is honoured in the scleractinian name Fungia somervillei Gardiner, 1909 (now: Cycloseris somervillei (Gardiner, 1909), found from East Africa to reefs NW of Australia and to Micronesia). He is also honoured in the flower name Begonia somervillei Hemsley, found at the Solomon Islands. Somerville e.g. commanded HMS Sealark on Ceylon coast survey, and in the Indian Ocean on Percy Sladen Trust Expedition (1905) (resulting in the eponyms of corals) and became an experienced sailor - see here about his interests. A Memorial Prize to his honour is annually awarded to an Officer in the Royal Navy, or one of the Commonwealth Navies, whose work during the period under review is adjudged to be of particular merit in connection with the development of meteorology and its application to naval operations - if works of this kind and of sufficient merit have been done under a year. [Acanthopathes somervillei (Forster-Cooper, 1909) - a black coral, Holacanthus somervillii Regan 1908 - an Indian Ocean fish species; a bird's name, the jungle babbler Turdoides striata somervillei (Sykes, 1832) is not honouring him, but an older person by that name, but Somerville Bank 12°40' S, 60°50' E, detected on the Mascarene Plateau in 1905 by HMS Sealark, is of course in his honour] (Dr. E. Charles Nelson, botanist, kindly provided this information).

Søren Christian (Severin Christianus) Sommerfelt, (9 Apr. - Toten) 1794-1838 (23 Dec.), Norwegian clergyman and botanist, who, e.g. described the well-known red shoreline crust Hildenbrandia rubra.

Prof. Christina Sommerville, 19??-, parasitologist at the Univ. of Stirling, Scotland, is honoured in the digenean name Lepidapedon sommervillae Bray & Gibson, 1995.

The Polar polychaete name Melinnopsis somovi (Ushakov, 1957), is likely a tribute to Dr. Mikhail Mikhailovitch Somov, (7 Apr. - Moscow) 1908-1973 (30 Dec. - Leningrad), hydrologist, working in the Arctic, like often the author.

Sonia Dawn : (see Batten).

Dr. h.c. Otto Wilhelm Sonder, (18 June - Bad Oldesloe) 1812-1881 (21 Nov.), German botanist [Lithothamnion sonderi Hauck., Acrosiphonia sonderi (Kütz.) Kornm.].

Lacking information about Sonnerat in the grouper name Cephalopholis sonnerati (Valenciennes, 1828). However, Pierre Sonnerat, (18 Aug.) 1748-1814 (31 Mar.), French naturalist and traveller in SE Asia, e.g. New Guinea, China, etcetera, may be the honoured person. He is perhaps best remembered to be the author of the litchi tree (Litchi chinensis Sonnerat, 1782), but also collected much animals during his travels and the fish is common in e.g. the New Guinea area. (Cédric Audibert, Muséum, CCEC, Lyon, kindly provided this suggestion).

Dr. Lajos Soós, 1879-1972 (Budapest), was curator at the Natural History Museum in Budapest.

Tron Soot-Ryen, 1896-1986 (10 May), Norwegian bivalve specialist [Neolepton sootryeni Salas & Gofas, 1998, Arcuatula sootryeni Stilwell & Zinsmeister, 1992] (Dr. T. Brattegard kindly provided the dates).

Sophia in the amphipod name Gammaropsis sophiae (Boeck, 1861) is likely the crown princess (from 1872 the queen) of Sweden and Norway, Sofia (Sophie) Vilhelmina Mariana Henrietta, 1836-1913, who in 1857 married prince Oscar, who later became king Oscar II. She had a great interest in social wellfare.

The amphipod name Bathyporeia sophiae Bellan-Santini & Vader, 1988 is honouring Sophie, 19??-198?, daughter of their colleauge Michael Ledoyer (q.v.). She sadly had died shortly before this description.

Who is Sophia in the Kalyptorhynchian name Itaipusa sophiae (Graff, 1905)?

Who is Sophia in the polyclade name Notoplana sophia Kato, 1939.

Sopott-Ehlers : (see Ehlers).

Dr. Jean Claude Sorbe, 1947-, French peracarid researcher at the Laboratoire d'Océanographie Biologique, Arcachon [ Ampelisca sorbei Dauvin & Bellan-Santini, 1996, Exogone (Exogone) sorbei San Martin, Ceberio & Aguirrezabalaga, 1996, Nausithoe sorbei Jarms, Tiemann & Altuna, 2003, Heterokrohnia sorbei (Casanova, 1993)].

Henry Clifton Sorby, (10 May- Woodbourne, near Sheffield) 1826-1908 (9 Mar. - Sheffield), was economically independent and devoted his life to scientific research. Above all he became a microscopist and published more than 200 papers during his life, several of those dealing with marine algae and animals. He prepared both algae and animals in small slide jars, which were a kind of forerunners of the dia slides of today, and used as projection slides when he needed illustrations to lectures to various clubs, societies, etc.

Mauro Sordi, 1916-1989, Italian malacologist [Discodoris sordii (Perrone, 1990)].

Andrew Sorensen, 1863-1962, Danish (but living in the US - Pcific Grove, California) insurance agent and amateur conchologist [Conus sorenseni Sander, 1982, Haliotis sorenseni Bartsch, 1940, Acanthotrophon sorenseni J. G. Hertlein & A. M. Strong, 1951, Vasticardium sorenseni (Powell, 1958)].

Alessio Sorrentino, 1946-, coral gemstone manufacturer and jeweller from Napoli (Naples), placed the NW Pacific coral samples, in which the sponge Alectona sorrentini Bavestrello & al., 1998 was found, at the authors disposal.

Lacking information about Sotillo in the gastropod name Doto sotilloi Ortea, Moro & Espinosa, 1998.

Dr. François Louis August Souleyet, (8 Jan.) 1811-1852 (7 Oct. - Martinique), French naval surgeon and naturalist in the Pacific [Protatlanta souleyetii (E.A. Smith, 1888), Calliopaea souleyeti Vérany, 1846, Eliotia souleyeti Vayssière, 1909].

M. (stands likely for Monsieur) R. Sourie. 1???-, lecturer at Institut des Hautes Etudes de Dakar, provided material of Oncidiella souriei Gabe & Prenant, 1955 and collected type material of Thordisa? souriei Pruvot-Fol, 1953 [the Dakar polychaete Pectinaria (Amphictene) souriei Fauvel, 1949].

Lacking information about F.M. Sousa in the Madeira fish name Protogrammus sousai (Maul, 1972).

Dr. Ronald Vernon Southcott, (15 May - Fullarton Estate, South Australia) 1918-1998 (9 Apr.), Australian marine biologist, medical doctor, acariologist, mycologist, ichthyologist and i.a. the author of well-known stingers Chironex fleckeri and Carukia barnesi. Several Acari, one Diptera and one Hemiptera are named for him.

Rowland Southern, (9 May - Adlington, Lancashire) 1882-1935 (13 Dec. - Dublin, "after a trivial operation"), Irish-English marine taxonomist, who was employed in Ireland in the beginning of 1902, worked especially on several worm groups (annelida, nematoda, plathelmintes) [Southernia Allgén, 1929, Pseudonotomastus southerni Warren & Parker, 1994, Pseudomystides southerni (Banse, 1954), Microphthalmus southerni Westheide, 1967, Euchone southerni Banse, 1970, Sabella southerni M'Intosh, 1916, Marionina southerni (Cernosvitov, 1937), Southerniella Allgén, 1932, Halacarellus southerni Halbert, 1915]. His polychaete work in the "Clare Island Survey" series is classical. This survey was initiated by Ulster naturalist Dr. Robert Lloyd Praeger, (25 Aug. - Holywood, near Belfast) 1865-1953 (5 May), who in 1905-06 had led a group of scientists, combing the small island of Lambay, just off the Dublin coast for fauna and flora objects on behalf of the banker Cecil Baring, the owner of the island. Praeger was inspired to continue with a larger island and he chose Clare Island, off the west coast, which was sampled during 1909-11 by around 100 scientists, resulting in 67 reports published in 3 volumes. Praeger was a grandson of Robert Patterson (q.v.), because his mother Maria was Patterson's daughter, and was very interested in the history of Irish naturalists. [Gavelinopsis praegeri (Heron-Allen & Earland, 1913), Praegeria Southern, 1914].

Prof. Alan James Southward, (17 Apr. - Liverpool) 1928-2007 (27 Oct. - by heart attack), and his wife, Dr. Eve C. Southward (née Judges), 19??-, at the Mar. Biol. Association, Plymouth, has been working broadly on marine fauna at the British Isles and in the deep sea. He completed his PhD at Port Erin, Isle of Man, in 1951, and there he also met his wife to be. Together with Dennis Crisp (q.v.), he was one of the first to see the effects of climatic change to marine ecosystems. At age 15, because of meningitis during his studies in Liverpool, he became profoundly deaf (and also lost his sense of balance, but could again learn to balance helped by his eyes), so wis wife usually was his spokesman. [Astomonema southwardorum Austen, Warwich & Ryan, 1993, Labidoplax southwardorum Gage, 1985, Paracapitella southwardi Kirkegaard,1983, Tetrachaelasma southwardi Newman & Ross, 1971, Chthamalus southwardi Poltharuka, 2000, Diplobranchia southwardae Ivanov, 1963, Siboglinum southwardae Gureeva, 1981, Thyasira southwardae Oliver & Holmes, 2006, Escarpia southwardae Andersen, Hourdez, Marie, Jollivet, Lallier & Sibuet, 2004 ].

Dr. Thomas Southwell (4 Oct, - Cornholme, Yorkshire) 1879-1962 (11 June), zoologist and parasitologist. In 1906, Southwell published on the anomurans from Herdman's (q.v.) Ceylon collections. From 1906 to 1909, Southwell was the Scientific Advisor to the Ceylon Pearl Oyster Syndicate (which disbanded ca. 1910). During that time, Southwell collected plankton samples and gave them to Sewell (q.v.) who published on the surface copepods of the Gulf of Mannar, in gratitude for which he named Acartia southwelli Sewell, 1914. In 1918, Southwell co-published on fish parasites in India. In 1930, Southwell wrote the tapeworm section for the series Fauna of British India. Blacklock and Southwell's popular "Guide to Human Parasitology" ran to at least 10 editions, from 1932 to 1995, and appears to still be in print, so the cestodan name Mixonybelinia southwelli Palm & Walter, 1999, is likely also a tribute to him Southwell was a D.Sc., Ph.D., Associate of the Royal College of Science (London), Fellow of the Zoological Society, and Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (elected 1929). There is an earlier zoologist of the same name, perhaps his father. (Dr. David Damkaer kindly provided this information).

Dr. Saint-Martin Souverbie, 1815-1891, French malacologist in the Calédonian archipelago, director of the Bordeaux Natural History Museum.

Sowerby : English family including i.a. 10 artists and naturalists during 4 consecutive generations [Sowerbya]; among others James S., (21 Mar. - London) 1757-1822 (25 Oct.), who illustrated Smith's 36 volume work "English Botany" 1790-1814 and also devoted himself to mineralogical and conchyliological works [Spirontocaris (Greek speiron = sower - he described the type species of this genus)], his sons James de Carle S., (5 June) 1787-1871 (26 Aug.) and George Brettingham S. I, (12 May - Lambeth) 1788-1854 (26 July) [Excellichlamys sowerbyi Dijkstra 1998, Typhinellus sowerbyi Broderip, 1833, Lucapina sowerbii (Sowerby, 1835), Typhis sowerbii Broderip, 1833, Lobiger souverbiei P. Fischer, 1857, Episiphon sowerbyi (Guilding, 1834), Conus sowerbii L. A. Reeve, 1849, Episiphon sowerbyi Guilding, 1834, Adrana sowerbyana d'Orbigny, 1845], booth devoted themselves to natural history and artistery, although the former did not himself publish any natural history works. A third son Charles Edward S., (1 Feb.) 1795-1842 (7 June), was a botanist, but did also help his father and his brother J. de C. S. with their publications. C. E. S.'s son John Edward S., (17 Jan.) 1825-1870 (28 Jan.), became a botanist and illustration artist. G. B. S. I and his son and grandson, the namesakes G. B. S. II, (25 Mar. - Lambeth) 1812-1884 (26 July) [Bractechlamys georgei Dijkstra 1998, Laevichlamys brettinghami Dijkstra 1998, Erronea cylindrica sowerbyana Schilder, 1932] & III, (18 Sep.) 1843-1921 (31 Jan.), worked primarily with conchyliology. Three more G.B. S. (IV-VI) existed, but not in the same profession. Henry S., (28 Mar.) 1825-1891 (15 Sep.) was a brother of G.B. S. II. He illustrated just a few books, emigrated into Australia, became a teacher of drawing, but in his last decades he turned to gold mining. Craspedacustra sowerbyi Lankaster, 1880 is however associated with the rather anonymous 2:nd son of J. de C. S.: William, (12 Feb.) 1827-1906 (9 Mar.), who also had a son of artistic talents, James Bryant, (15 Apr.) 1855-1934 (21 Mar.). Several more organism names are honouring members of the family, however not always easy to tell which, e.g. Chaetopleura sowerbiana L. A. Reeve, 1847, Pyrgulina sowerbyi van Aartsen & Corgan, 1996.

Dr. Jacques Soyer, 19??-, who published on harpacticoids from the sea around Banyuls-sur-Mer during the 1960s and -70s, is honoured in the polychaete name Cossura soyeri Laubier, 1963 and the rotiferan name Albertia soyeri Coineau & Kunst, 1964 and the harpacticoid names Paramphiascopsis soyeri Lang, 1965, Ectinosoma soyeri Apostolov, 1975, Robertgurneya soyeri Apostolov, 1974, Hastigerella soyeri Bodin, 1976, Pseudobradya soyeri Bodiou, 1975 and Mesocletodes soyeri Bodin, 1967.

Lacking information about Soyer in the W.African cockle name Acrosterigma soyeri (Fischer-Piette, 1977) (a synomym of A. simplex (Spengler, 1799).

Soyo in the gastropod names Cornisepta soyoae (Habe, 1951) and Trophonopsis soyoae Okutani, 1959 and in the bivalve names Amygdalum soyoae T. Habe, 1958 & Nuculana soyoae T. Habe, 1958 is likele not a person's name, but derived from SS Soyo-maru of the Imperial Fisheries Experimental Station (not the modern ship of today, but a forerunner, which cruised in Japanese waters during the 1930s). The scaphopod name Bathoxiphus soyomaruae Okutani, 1964, the chirostylid name Uroptychus soyomaruae Baba, 1981 and the bivalve name Propeleda soyomaruae Okutani, 1964 are of corse also derived from the same name and the pantopod name Nymphon soyoi Utinomi, 1955 may be for the same reason.

The gastropod name Conus sozoni P. Bartsch, 1939 (a synonym of C. delesserti Recluz, 1843 (& C. largillierti Kiener, 1845)) from Bermudas, was named for a local deep sea diver, Sozon Vatikiosis, 1???-19??, who brought two shells to Bartsch, the othe shell Fusinus helenae Bartsch, was named for Sozon's wife Helena.

The Surinam tanaid name Halmyrapseudes spaansi Bacescu & Gutu, 1975 is a tribute to tthe Dutch collector Mr. (later Dr.) Arie L. Spaans, 19??-,.

Allessandro Spagnolini, 18??-1???, Italian malacologist publishing from the Gulf of Naples in 1871.

The nudibranch Doriopsilla spaldingi (Valdés and Behrens, 1998) is named after George Spalding III, 1961-, Solana Beach, a San Diego scuba diver who persisted in collecting specimens of this rarely seen nudibranch for the scientists publishing the first description. The nudibranch name Dendrodoris azineae Behrens & Valdés, 2004 (in Proceedings of the California Academy of Science vol. 55, no. 21, pp. 408-413, 2004) is honouring Spalding's daughter Azine, because "...The name azineae was chosen at the request of her father George who collected the holotype. It is meant to honor his daughter Azine, who gives him the inspiration to continue his deep dives in search of new marine species in the La Jolla submarine canyon...." (The Director of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography Library, Peter Brueggeman, kindly provided this information).

Lazzaro Spallanzani, (12 Jan. - Scandiano) 1729-1799 (11 Feb. - Pavia), of Scandiano, Italian abbot and biologist (son of a lawyer in Reggio), who e.g. showed that what his compatriot Redi (q.v.) had proved a century before (that spontaneous generation did not appear among complex animals) was also true for microorganisms and in 1794 he found that blinded bats managed to find food. He became professor succesively at Reggio, Modena and Pavia [Sabella spallanzani (Gmelin, 1791)].

Is Span in the amphipod nam Degocheirocratus spani Karaman, 1989 a person's name?

Bruce Wilfred Sparks, 1923-1988, British malacologist. The Australian gastropod Rissoella wilfredi Gatliff & Gabriel, 1911 is of course in honour of another Wilfred.

Sparre Schneider : (see Schneider).

Prof. Dr. Frederick Kroeber Sparrow, (11 May - Washington, D.C.) 1903-1977 (2 Oct. - Ann Arbor, Michigan), PhD in 1929; US worker on marine fungi at the Univ. of Michigan.

The bryozoan name Reteporella sparteli (Calvet, 1906) is likely not in honour of a person's name, but was found at Cap Spartel, Morocco.

Prof. Aleksey Andrevic Spasski (Spassky), (3 July - Lukojanov) 1917-, in the digenean name Skrjabinolecithum spasskii Belous, 1954, in the amphipod names Spasskogammarus Bousfield, 1979 spasskii (Bulycheva, 1952), in the monogenean name Tetraonchus spasskyi Strelkov, 1963 and in the cestodan names Dicranotaenia spasskii (Schigin, 1961) and Wardium spasskii Shigin, 1961 is a a very famous Russian parasitologist who has published more than 1000 papers, mainly specialized in Cestodes. PhD in 1949 (Prof. Jean-Lou Justine, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, kindly provided this information and supplied an offprint from Systematic Parasitology 41: 235-236 regarding a biographical profile of Spasski; Prof. Albina Gaevskaya, Sevastopol, kindly provided the monogenean eponym).

George Cooper Spence, 1875-1945 (1 May), British Malacologist, most interested in land living shells.

Who is Spencer in the sponge name Ute spenceri Dendy, 1892? Most likely the zoologist Prof. Sir Walter Baldwin Spencer, (23 June - Stretford, Lanashire) 1860-1929 (14 July - Hoste Island (heart failure)), of Melbourne, Australia. Another possibility could have been the echinoderm researcher (mainly a specialist on palaeozoic sea stars) William Kingdon Spencer, (10 Dec. - Barrow on Soar) 1878-1955 (1 Oct. - Ipswich), who i.a. published a few papers together with Sladen (q.v.), but he was too young in 1892.

Mary Spencer Jones, 1962-, at the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) is working on Bryozoa.

Prof. Dr. Johann Wilhelm Spengel, (19 Feb. - Trier) 1852-1921 (13 Apr.), professor of zoology in Giessen (from 1887 and after duties in Bremen between 1881-86, where he had succeded H. Ludwig (q.v)), working on different worm groups, e.g. enteropneusts [Phascolosoma spengeli (Sluiter, 1886), Spengelia Willey, 1898].

Lorenz Spengler, (Sep. - Schaffhausen, Germany) 1720-1807 (20 Dec.), was educated as an ivory-turner in Germany and Switzerland. In 1748 he went to Denmark, being employed at the Royal Palace, later becoming keeper of the Royal art-collection. He also was owner of a large private natural history collection (not only malacology), and published on zoological subjects. J.C. Fabricius (q.v.), who studied his collections, was given several of his crustacean specimens as a donation. He stayed in København (Copenhagen) for the rest of his life [Sphoeroides spengleri (Bloch, 1785), Verruca spengleri Darwin, 1854, Spengleria Tryon, 1862].

Inanidrilus speroi Erséus, 1985 is named for the geologist Dr. (later Prof.) Howard J. Spero, 19??-, PhD at U.C. Santa Barbara in 1986, Barbados (later UC Davis - where he has worked on i.a. foraminiferans), "who collected the sediment at the type locality and several other valuable samples, while scuba-diving, during my visit to the Bellair's Research Institute in 1979".

The German geologist / malacologist Oscar Wilhelm Carl Speyer, (4 July - Hersfeld) 1827-1882 (5 or 6 Jan.), is likely the person honoured in the ostracod name Aurila speyeri (Brady, 1868).

Gale G. Sphon Jr., 1934-1995 (12 May), US malacologist at the Santa Barbara and Los Angeles County Museums of Natural History [Mitra sphoni, Pseudosimnia sphoni Cate, 1973, Felimida sphoni Marcus, 1971, Olivella sphoni Burch & Campbell, 1963, Facelina sphoni Marcus, 1971]. Doris tanya Marcus, 1971 was named for Tanya, Gale Sphon's cat, because the author Eveline Marcus loved cats and Chromodoris galexorum Bertsch, 1978 is a combination of the names of two author's colleagues: Gale Sphon and Alex N. Kerstitch, 1945-2001 (Mar.), from Tucson, Arizona, a world-renowned underwater photographer and artist and research associate with the University of Arizona and a science teacher at Sabino High School (q.v.). (Dr. Riccardo Giannuzzi-Savelli, Palermo, kindly provided some of this information).

Dr. Vernum Dennis Philip (Phil) Spicer, 1897-1968, of the U.S.S. Medusa [Cyclostremiscus spiceri (Baker, Hanna & Strong, 1938), Conus spiceri P. Bartsch & H. A.Rehder, 1943]. Spicer published on mollusks during the 1930s and 1940s, i.a. together with Fred Baker (q.v.)

Dr. Johann Baptist Ritter von Spix, (9 Feb. - Höchstadt) 1781-1826 (14 Mar. - München), zoologist and curator of the zoological collections of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences, who together with the botanist and medical Dr. Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius, (17 Apr. - Erlangen) 1794-1868 (13 Dec. - München), made a collecting expedition to Brazil during 1817-20.

The Dutch "pteropod" researcher Prof. Dr. Siebrecht van der Spoel, 1935-, at the Instituut voor Taxonomische Zoologie, Amsterdam, who achieved his PhD in 1967 and retired in 1998, is honoured in the gastropod name Rissoina vanderspoeli de Jong & Coomans, 1988 and in the cephalopod name Chiroteuthis spoeli Salcedo-Vargas, 1996 [Spoelia A.W. Janssen, 1990, Cuvierina spoeli Rampal, 2002 (possibly a junior synonym of C. columnella (Rang, 1827))]. He had started his career as zoologist in 1956 as assistant to Van Benthem Jutting (q.v.) at the mollusc department of the Zoological Museum, Amsterdam but was soon offered a position as curator in the department of worms and marine plankton there. In 1979 he was appointed Professor ad personam and in the early 1980s he organized 4 mid-Atlantic expeditions with the research vessel H.M.S. "Tydeman", himself taking part, and because of his weather-beaten bearded appearance named the "ayatolla" by the ships crew. (Arie W. Janssen kindly provided some of this information and Dr. Harry A. ten Hove, at the Museum, kindly provided the date).

Dr. Guy Malcolm Spooner, (26 June - Yelverton, Devon) 1907-1989 (4 June), at the Plymouth Laboratory, published on e.g. insects and amphipods and later was much involved in the biological investigations of the Torrey Canyon oil cathastrophy. In 1943 he married his colleague Dr. Molly F. Mare (q.v.). [Paramisophria spooneri Krishnaswamy, 1959, Ampelisca spooneri Dauvin & Bellan-Santini, 1982].

The bivalve name Pitar (Pitarina) spoori Lamprell & Whitehead, 1990 is honouring Mr. Phillip Spoor, 19??-, of Townsville (Australia), owner of the large boat "Caper", who first brought this species to the authors attention. (Dr. Riccardo Giannuzzi-Savelli, Palermo, kindly provided this information).

Lacking information about Sporadh in the amphipod name Microdeutopus sporadhi Myers, 1969. Perhaps not a person's name, but derived from Gaelic sporadh = spurring, exciting ?

Dr. Stephen H. Spotte, (West Virginia) 19??-, US carcinologist, former curator and director of the Aquarium in Niagara Falls, curator of the New York Aquarium and director of the Mystic Aquarium, later adjunct scientist at Mote Marine Laboratory, Sarasota, Florida. [Heteromysis (Heteromysis) spottei Price & Heard, 2000].

The Canadian collector William Spreadborough, (12 Nov. Farnham, England) 1856-1931 (30 Mar. - Esquimalt, British Columbia), is honoured in the gastropod name Odostomia spreadboroughi Dall & Bartsch, 1910.

Stewart Springer, (6 June) 1906-1991 (23 Aug.), Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Exploratory Fishing Base, Pascagoula, Mississippi, worked on taxonomy of sharks [Haustellum springeri Bullis, 1964, possibly Lycoteuthis springeri (Voss, 1956), possibly the hagfish Eptatretus springer (Bigelow & Schroeder, 1952)].

The SE Atlantic & W Indian Ocean skate name Dipturus springeri (Wallace, 1967), may likely be a tribute to Dr. Victor Gruschca Springer, (2 June - Jacksonville, Florida) 1928-, Curator at the Ichthyological department, Smithsonian Institution, who has published very many books and articles [Synchiropus springeri Fricke, 1983, Paramyxine springeri Bigelow & Schroeder, 1952, Callechelys springeri (Ginsburg, 1951), Galeus springeri Konstantinou & Cozzi, 1998, Helcogramma springeri Hadley Hansen, 1986, Paraxenisthmus springeri Gill & Hoese, 1993, Scartella springeri (Bauchot,1966), Cirripectes springeri Williams, 1988, Petroscirtes springeri Smith-Vaniz, 1976, Gobiopsis springeri Lachner & McKinney, 1979].

Foster James ("Jim") Springsteen, (Hartford, Connecticut, USA) 1946-1999 (21 Sep. - Melbourne, Victoria, Australia), malacologist and pharmacist, spent two years in the Philippines to produce his book "Shells of the Philippines" (1986, co-authored by Fely Moreno Leobrera). He died shortly prior to the birth of his sole child, Josephine, in 1999, after a number of years of marriage with his wife Roseline. He was a regular correspondent with many malacologists throughout the world, and many new species are named in his honour, e.g. Cyathomorula springsteeni Houart, 1999. (Dr. Hans Turner, Casa La Conchiglia, Rovia, Switzerland, kindly provided this information).

Roger T. Springthorpe, 19??-, "an excellent photographer and collector at the Australian Museum", Sydney, is honoured in the isopod name Austrasphaera springthorpei N. Bruce, 2003, "whose field-collecting has over the years contributed many new discoveries"

Nora Georgina Sproston, (Birmingham) 1903-1971. After a very oppressive childhood, she found a place as a student in the Marine Laboratory at Plymouth until 1932. She was an assistant pathologist in London and obtained the B.Sc. in 1938. She returned to the Plymouth Lab in 1939 and was on the staff until 1947, publishing on parasitic worms and copepods. Sproston's greatest impacts were in the study of monogenean trematodes. Her 1946 monograph of this group placed her in the ranks of world specialists. Sproston left England for China and by late 1947 was a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shanghai until 1953. She was well regarded, and her opinion held some weight in freshwater fisheries affairs. She published then on planktonic and parasitic copepods. Sproston was invited to work in India from 1953 until 1957 when she returned to China's Institute of Hydrobiology until 1962. Because her associations with China were an embarrassment to Great Britain and Canada at this "cold war" time, she was obliged to go to Australia where she found a position (by at least 1964) with Fisheries and Oceanography of CSIRO, in Cronulla, to study tuna stomach-contents. A near-lifetime of inspecting formalin-preserved fishes probably led to a general poisoning of her body, since she was quite ill when she retired in 1968 [Kuhnia sprostonae Price, 1961]. (Dr. David Damkaer kindly provided this information).

Marginella spryi Clover, 1974 was named for Mr. John F. Spry, 1910?-, of Nairobi, Kenya, shell collector.

Prof. Dr. Hakon Ragnar Spärck, (5 Aug. - Hjørring) 1896-1965 (20 June), Danish zoologist, PhD in 1919, curator of molluscs at the zoological museum in København (Copenhagen) between 1918-36 [Teredo spaercki Roch, 1931, Abralia spaercki Grimpe, 1931].

Lacking information about the New Zealand coral researcher Donald Fleming Squires, 19??-, in the coral names Caryophyllia squiresi Cairns, 1982, Rhombopsammia squiresi Owens, 1986, Sphenotrochus squiresi Cairns, 1995 & Crispatotrochus squiresi (Cairns, 1979). Squires described madreporarians during the late 1950s and the 1960s and during the 1960s he worked at the Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. In 1981 he published about the sea off New York. There are three persons in USA named Donald F. Squires, one living from May 7 1927-1999 June 21, the other from Sep. 2 1928-2001 Apr. 28 and the third from Feb. 19 1918-2003 Apr. 10, but if any of these are the correct person, is unsure.

M. Ssolowiew, 18??-19??, Russian zoologist from? St Petersburg, working in the White Sea (e.g. a Terebellid work in 1899).

The diatom name Navicula stachurae Witkowski, Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin, 2000 is dedicated to the author's colleague Dr. Katerzyna Stachura-Suchoples, 19??-, Institute of Oceanography, Gdansk Univ. on the occasion of her PhD promotion.

John Stackhouse, (Probus, Cornwall) 1742-1819 (22 Nov. - Bath), British botanist / algologist.

Lacking information about J. Stafford, 18??-19??, in the digenean name Podocotyle staffordi Miller, 1941. Stafford seems to have worked mainly in Canada.

Lacking information about Stafforelli in the red algal name Rodriguezella stafforellii F. Schmitz.

The foraminiferan name Stainforthia Hofker, 1956 is a tribute to Dr. Robert Masterman Stainforth, (5 Oct. - Kingston-upon-Hull, East Yorkshire) 1915-2002 (30 Sep.), who usually called himself Charles and graduated at age 23 and then went to USA, but returned later and achieved a PhD at the Univ. of London in 1952 From USA he traveled to different parts of Latin America - Trinidad, Venezuela, Ecuador, etc., to collect microfossils for the oil company he worked for. More than 10 species of foraminiferans also bear his name. In 1985 he retired completely, to live with his wife Anne at Victoria Island.

Francis James Stainforth, 1797-1866, who had served in the British Army in India, but later took holy orders, is honoured in the gastropod names Hexaplex stainforthi L. A. Reeve, 1842 & Conus stainforthi L. A. Reeve, 1843, Mitra stainforthii L. A. Reeve, 1842 (now attributed to the genus Vexillum in the family Costellariidae) "This magnificent species, which I had the pleasure of describing about three years since, constituted the chief ornament of an important collection of Mitres accumulated after many years' labour and expensive zeal by the Rev. Mr. Stainforth. This collection has however been recently augmented to a most valuable extent by the liberality of Thomas Norris, Esq., who having purchased it in addition to his own, is now in possession of about a thousand specimens of Mitres, among which, as this monograph of the genus will testify, are many of the utmost rarity and beauty.", L. A. Reeve, 1844, Conchologia Iconica, vol. 2, plate 3, species 13). He had a son, General Stainforth, 18??-ca 1890, (possibly identical with General Charles Roper Stainforth of the Madras Cavalry, who married in January 1859 in Ghazeepore, India) who carried on his father's interests. (Dr. Hans Turner, Casa La Conchiglia, Rovia, Switzerland, kindly provided the citation from Reeve).

The gastropod name Melanella stalioi Brusina, 1869, must be a tribute to Prof. Luigi Stalio, 18??-1???, Venice.

Lacking information about Stalker in the foraminiferan name Quinqueloculina stalkeri Loeblich & Tappan, 1953.

Prof. Dr. Hans-Jürgen Stammer, (21 Sep. - Poltrau bei Biichen) 1899-1968 (24 Oct.), Breslau & Erlangen, published on harpacticoids at least from 1928, e.g. on German ground water harpacticoids in 1954. He is honoured in the copepod names Nitocrella stammeri Chappuis, 1938 and Zausodes stammeri Jakobi, 1954 and in the halacarid name Lohmanella stammeri Viets, 1939.

Mr. Robert Standen, 1854-1925, British malacologist and assistent curator of the Manchester Museum [Scalaria standeni Melvill, 1899].

The tanaid name Sinelobus stanfordi (Richardson, 1901) was published as a result of the Hopkins Stanford Galapagos Expedition 1898-99, named for the Stanford Univ. and the Hopkins Seaside laboratory. The Stanford Univ. was founded by Amasa Leland Stanford, (9 Mar. - Watervliet, New York) 1824-1893 (21 June - Palo Alto), who later became senator for California, where he and his wife Jane lived. After the loss of their only child, a not fully 16 year old boy - who died from typhoid fever in 1884, they founded the Stanford University, which opened in 1891 with Jordan (q.v.) as the first President.

The polyplacophoran name Chiton stangeri L. A. Reeve, 1847 and the gastropod name Paratrophon stangeri Gray, 1843 must likely be tributes to the British physician, surveyor general and botanist Dr. William Stanger, (27 Sep. - Tydd, St. Mary, Lincolnshire) 1811-1857 (11 Mar. - Durban, Natal), who took part in an expedition to Niger in 1841 and from 1845 was chief inspector of medicine in Natal.

The Canadian Prof. Dr. Roger Yate Stanier, (22 Oct. - Victoria, British Columbia) 1916-1982 (29 Jan. - Paris), Univ. of California, Berkeley, who in 1971 took an early retirement and with his French born wife Germaine, also she a microbiologist, moved to France and worked at the Pasteur Institute, is honoured in the cyanophyte name Stanieria Komárek & Anagnostidis, 1986. Stanier is often regarded as the most foremost microbiologist of his time.

Dr. John Stanisic, 19??-, Malacological Section, Queensland Mus., retired formally in 2008. He is primarily a land snail specialist [Bathoxyphus stanisici Lamprell & Healey, 1998].

The natantian name Alpheus stanleyi Coutiere 1908 is not likely a tribute to the journalist Sir Henry Morton Stanley (born as John Rowlands), (28 Jan. - Denbigh, Wales) 1841-1904 (10 May - London), reputed for his New York Herald expedition to Africa, where he coined the phrase "Mr. Livingstone, I presume?", but more likely a tribute to Stanley Gardiner (q.v.), the leader of the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition in 1905 to the Indian Ocean.

Dr. Hermann Friedrich Stannius, (15 Mar. - Hamburg) 1808-1883 (15 Jan. - Sachsenburg), German physician and zoologist (especially a Diptera specialist), is honoured in the nemertean name Valdivianemertes stannii (Grube, 1840).

Lacking information about Stansch in the stomatopod name Neogonodactylus stanschi (Schmitt 1940). Perhaps honouring Karl Stansch, 18??-19??, who in the first decades of the 20:th century published in German mostly on fish?

Dr. David A. Staples, 19??-, Museum Victoria, Melbourne, Australian sea spider specialist [Austrodecus staplesi Stock, 1990].

The amphipod name Anonyx stappersi Steele, 1989 is a tribute to the Belgian Dr. Jean Hubert Louis Stappers, (2 May - Hasselt) 1883-1916 (30 dec. - miltary hospital in Calais), Université de Louvain, who earlier had identified the species as Chironesimus debruyni. and in 1907 had been biologist on board Belgica during Adrien de Gerlache's (q.v.) expedition.

The bivalve name Dimyella starcki D.R. Moore, 1969 is likely a tribute to Prof. Dr. Walter Starck, 19??-, from Florida Keys, who achieved a PhD. in Miami in 1964 and has worked on coral reef biology, especially associated fish species, because the collector's name in June 1961 was W. Starck.

Prof. Edwin Chapin Starks, (25 Jan. - Baraboo, Wisconsin) 1867-1932, Stanford University ichthyologist.

Statius Müller : (see Müller).

Lomanotus stauberi Clark & Goetzfried, 1976 is named for the late Dr. Leslie Alfred Stauber, (6 June) 1907-1973 (27 Mar.), marine ecologist at Rutgers University.

Dr. Craig P. Staude, 19??-, Friday Harbor Laboratories, is an amphipodologist.

The harpacticoid name Enhydrosomella staufferi Monard, 1935 was "dedicated to Mr. Ed. (Edouard) Stauffer", 1???-, "professor, La Chaux-de-Fonds." Monard was curator of the Natural History Museum at La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland, so Stauffer was a colleague (Dr. D. Damkaer kindly provided this information).

David George Stead, (6 Mar. - St. Leonards, Synney) 1877.1957 (2 Aug. - Sydney), Australian marine biologist.

Frederick Stearns, (8 Apr. - Lockport, New York) 1831-1907 (13 Jan. - Savannah, Georgia), businessman in Detroit, Michigan, who collected different things (including music instruments) and worked with Pilsbry on Japanese molluscs and Dr. Robert Edwards Carter Stearns, (1 Feb. - Boston, Mass.) 1827-1909 (27 July - Los Angeles), worked at the USNM with i.a. octocorals. They does not seem to have been related. [Scalpellum stearnsii Pilsbry, 1890, Phidiana stearnsi (Cockerell, 1901), Scalpellum stearnsi Pilsbry, Stearnsium Berry, 1958 (after Robert), Lepidozona stearnsii (W. H. Dall, 1902), Marsenina stearnsi (Dall, 1871), Tachyrhynchus stearnsii Dall, 1919, Vitrinella stearnsi Bartsch, 1907, Parviturbo stearnsi (Dall, 1918), Lamellaria stearnsii Dall, 1871, Aesopus stearnsii (Tryon, 1883), Arctomelon stearnsii Dall, 1872, Conus jaspideus stearnsi Conrad, 1869, Cadulus stearnsii (Pilsbry & Sharp, 1898), Neaeromya stearnsii (Dall, 1899), Cyclocardia stearnsii (Dall, 1903), Vesicomya stearnsii (Dall, 1895), Periploma stearnsii Dall, 1896, Homalocantha stearnsi W. H. Dall, 1918, Ocenebra stearnsi Hemphill, 1911, Paracyathus stearnsii Verrill, 1869, Compressidens stearnsii Pilsbry & Sharp, 1898].

Silas Stearns, (13 May - Bath, Maine) 1859-1888 (2 Aug. - Asheville, N.C.) , US ichthyologist in the southeastern states.

The Rev. Thomas Roscoe Rede Stebbing, (6 Feb. - London) 1835-1926 (8 July - Tunbridge Wells), British zoologist, crustacean specialist, a son of the poet and historian Dr. Henry Stebbing, 1799-1883. [Parapodascon stebbingi (Giard & Bonnier, 1895), Phronima stebbingii Vosseler, 1901, Hyale stebbingi Chevreux, 1888, Metapenaeus stebbingi (Nobili, 1904), Macropisthopus stebbingi K.H. Barnard, 1916, Protellopsis stebbingii Pearse, 1908, Argissa stebbingi Bonnier, 1896, Pardaliscoides stebbingi Ledoyer, 1970, Carpias stebbingi (Monod, 1933), Sphyrapus stebbingi Richardson, 1911].

Lacking information about Stebler in the harpacticoid name Brianola stebleri Monard, 1926.

Dr. Eberhard Stechow, (21 Mar. - Berlin) 1883-1959 (11 Aug. - München), German hydroid researcher, who was a disciple of Richard Hertwig (q.v.) [Stechowia Nutting, 1927 (an invalid junior synonym of Stechowia Poche, 1914, honouring the same person), Hydrodendron stechowi Hirohito, 1988, Sertularia stechowi Hirohito, 1995, Clytia stechowi Hargitt, 1927, Myriopathes stechowi (Pax, 1932), Cladocarpus stechowi Ramil & Vervoort, 1992, Zygophylax stechowi Jäderholm, 1919]

The amphipod name Elasmopus steelei Appadoo & Myers, 2003 is named for Prof. Emer. Dr. Donald (Don) H. Steele, 19??-, St Johns, Newfoundland, a jack-of-all-trades biologist, i.a. a good amphipod specialist. His wife, Dr Vlad(imira) Steele, 19??-2000 (by cancer), of Czech origin, was a biologist as well, but not taxonomist. (Prof. Wim Vader, Tromsø, kindly provided this information).

Prof. Carl Marinus Steenberg, (24 Nov. - Vester Brønderslev, North Jylland) 1882-1946 (Feb.), Danish Malacologist, working on non marine taxa.

The Indonesian fish name Pseudochromis steenei Gill & Randall, 1992 is likely a tribute to Roger Steene, (Cairns) 19??-, Australian underwater photographer, who began diving in the beginning of the 1960s.

Prof. Dr. Johannes Japetus Smith Steenstrup, (8 Mar.) 1813-1897 (20 June), Danish naturalist; a son of a clergyman from Jutland, who as professor of zoology in Köbenhavn (Copenhagen) during more than half a century, was the central figure within Danish zoology. He researched the biological contents of kitchen stuff remnants from the stone age. For such a remnant he founded the Danish word "kjøkkenmødding", but he is perhaps most known for clearing up the general alternation between generations in taxons like medusozoans, salps and trematodes. When old, he also was politically active as a minister [Steenstrupia Forbes, 1846, Onchnesoma steenstrupi Koren & Danielssen, 1875, Lepidophyllum steenstrupi Odhner, 1902, Melinnacheres steenstrupi (Bresciani & Lützen, 1961), Prionospio steenstrupi Malmgren, 1867, Myxicola steenstrupi Krøyer, 1856, Mimonectes steenstrupii Bovallius, 1885, Hesione steenstrupii de Quatrefages, 1866, Colobomatus steenstrupi Richiardi, 1876, Sepiola steenstrupiana Lévy, 1912, Gonatus steenstrupi Kristensen, 1981, Japetella Hoyle, 1885, Anthomastus steenstrupi Wright & Studer, 1889].

Lacking information about Steer, 19??-, in the Australian digenean name Prototransversotrema steeri (L.M. Angel,1969).

Lacking information about Stefanis in the gastropod name Chrysallida stefanisi (Jeffreys, 1869), but possibly a tribute to the Italian malacologist Carlo De Stefani, 1851-1922.

Prof. Dr. Witold Stefanski, (25 July - Kielce) 1891-1973 (18 July - Warshaw), published on nematodes from Poland between 1914-38 [Tobrilus stefanskii (Micoletzky, 1925)]. A parasitological volume in memory of Prof. Stefanski arrived in 1976.

The arctic explorer and ethnologist Vilhjalmur Stefansson, (3 Nov. - Gimli, Manitoba, Canada, but of Icelandic descent) 1879-1962 (26 Aug. - Hanover, New Hampshire), is the person honoured in the copepod name Danielssenia stefanssoni Willey and likely also in the gastropod name Volutopsius stefanssoni Dall, 1919. In 1904-05 he had started his Arctic career with an archeological expedition to Iceland for Harvard Univ. The following years he lived among inuits as an ethnologist and between 1913-18 he was head of a Canadian Arctic Expedition. Between 1932-45 he was a scientific advisor to Pan American regarding Arctic flights. (Dr. D. Damkaer kindly supplied the connection between the copepod name and person).

The gastropod names Olivella stegeri Olsson, 1956 and Daphnella stegeri McGinty, 1955, as well as Fusinus stegeri Lyons, 1978, were named for Daniel Downey Steger, (1 Aug. - Fresno, California) 1906-1975 (16 May), of Tampa, Florida.. A brief notice about him appears in Abbott (1987), Register of American Malacologists (p. 162). In addition to careers in shrimping and construction, Steger told Dr. Lyons that he was an opera singer in his youth. Brachycythara barbarae Lyons, 1972 (Mollusca: Turridae) was named for his wife, Barbara "Bobby" Steger, (3 Mar.) 1912-1986 (1 Feb.), also she a malacologist. (Bill Lyons kindly provided this information).

Dr. Matthias F. W. Stehmann, 19??-, Institute for Sea Fisheries, Hamburg, is honoured in the SE Atlantic (South African) skate name Neoraja stehmanni (Hulley, 1972).

Dr. David L. Stein, 19??-, is a Maryland fish taxonomist working for N.O.A.A. on deep sea fishes and is honoured in the fish names Careproctus steini Andriashev & Prirodina, 1990 and Psednos steini Chernova, 2001.

Prof. Friedrich Johann Philipp Emil Ritter von Stein, (17 May - Berlin) 1818-1885 (12 Apr. - Berlin), German protistologist, professor in Prague [Stenosemella steinii Jørgensen, 1912, Protoperidinium steinii (Jørgensen) Balech, 1974, Steinia Diesing, 1866, Aspidisca steini (von Buddenbrock, 1920)].

Thalassema steinbecki Fisher, 1946 and Phialoba steinbecki Carlgren O., 1949 must be named for the author and Nobel Prize laureate (in 1962) John Steinbeck, (27 Feb. - Salinas, California) 1902-1968 (20 Dec.), who in 1930 had met Ricketts (see under Gislén) and had worked with him in the Gulf of California.

Joan E. Steinberg, 19??-, in the nudibranch name Doridella steinbergae (Lance, 1962), began publishing on US Pacific opisthobranchs during the 1960s.

Professor Dr. Otto Steinböck, (10 Apr.) 1893-1969 (6 Oct.), Austrian zoologist at the University of Innsbruck [Coelogynopora steinboecki Sopott-Ehlers, 1980, Praebursoplana steinboecki Ax, 1956, Oncholaimus steinboecki Ditlevsen, 1928, Ceratopera steinboecki (Riedl, 1959)].

Dr. Franz Steindachner, (11 Nov. - Wien) 1834-1919 (10 Dec. - Wien), Austrian naturalist (mainly ichthyologist), but also botanical collector in Galapagos, visited by him in 1872, because he had been invited to a position at Harvard University by L. Agassiz and spent the period 1868-74 there, i.a. taking part in the Hassler Expedition of 1871-72, later returning home. [Ceratothoa steindachneri Koelbel, 1879, Cuspidaria steindachneri Poutiers, 1981, Abralia steindachneri Weindl, 1912, Rhinoptera steindachneri (Evermann & Jenkins, 1892)]. Also the fresh and brackish water fish genus Steindachneridion Eigenmann & Smith-Eigenmann, 1919 is in honour of him.

Prof. Dr. Karl von den Steinen, (7 Mar. - Mühlheim an der Ruhr) 1855-1929 (7 Nov. - Kronberg), German physician and natural history traveller, later professor of etnography, who in 1883 had brought some polyplacophorans from the German "Südporarstation" in South Georgia, is honoured in the polyplacophoran name Callochiton steinenii Pfeiffer, 1886 and in the Magellan Strait echinoderm name Neosmilaster steineni (Studer, 1885).

Dr. Gotthold Steiner, (8 Apr. - Signau, Switzerland) 1886-1961 (21 Aug.), nematodologist, honoured in the nematode names Phanoderma (Phanoderma) steineri Ditlevsen, 1918, Leptosomatides steineri Filipjev, 1922, Oncholaimus steineri Ditlevsen, 1928, Tobrilus steineri (Micoletzky, 1925), Steineridora Inglis, 1969, Epsilonema steineri Chitwood, 1935, Cygnonema steineri Allen & Noffsinger, 1978, Nudora steineri (Filipjev, in Steiner, 1921) & Chaetonema steineri Filipjev, 1927, Tricoma steineri de Man, 1922, Steineria Micoletzky, 1922, Araeolaimus steineri Filipjev, 1922, Echinoderes steineri (Chitwood, 1951), Leptolaimus steineri (Filipjev, 1922), Quadricoma steineri Filipjev, 1922, Thoracostoma steineri Micoletzky, 1922. He worked at the universities at Bern and Zürich, recieving his PhD from the first of these in 1910. In 1921 he moved to the US and worked at Yale Univ., becoming a member of N.A. Cobb's (q.v.) nematodology laboratory the next year, succeding Cobb, when he died in 1932. After retirement in 1956, he went to Puerto Rico, where he continued to work on nematology until he died by heart failure.

Franz B. Steiner, 19??-19?? (still active as a collector in Oct. 1972), California Academy of Sciences, S. Francisco, collected marine organism in the Indonesian archipelago [Erronea steineri Cate, 1969, Sabaco steineri Light, 1991, Cladiella steineri Verseveldt, 1982]. Steiner was a radio officer for the American President (Shipping) Lines, but used much of his spare time to collect malacological and other marine invertebrate material.

Dr. Gerhard Steiner, 1963-, Dep. of Zoology, Vienna, Austria [Bathoxiphus steineri Lamprell & Healey, 1998].

Dr. Otto Steinhaus, 1870-19??(still active in Hamburg in 1914), published "Die Verbreitung der Chaetognathen im südatlantischen und indischen Ozean" in 1896. This was his Inaugural-Dissertation in Kiel and he later (in 1900) also published on the same animal group, but in 1899, his address was Hamburg.

Heinz Steinitz, born (26 Apr. - Breslau, Germany (today Wroclaw, Poland)), 1909-1971 (28 Apr. - Jerusalem, Israel). His curriculum vitae is almost an exact copy of that of his father Walter Steinitz (q.v.). He finished High School in Breslau (1927), and started to study first Medicine and later on Zoology at the universities of Breslau, Freiburg and Berlin (1927-1932). He received his doctor's degree in Medical Sciences in 1933 (Berlin). In the same year he immigrated with his wife to Palestine, where he continued his studies in zoology at the Hebrew University. He received his Ph.D. in that field in 1938 (Jerusalem). First he worked in the field of applied entomology (1933-1936), which was followed by an appointment at the Dept. of Zoology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. His studies dealt mainly with the taxonomy, ecology and distribution of amphibians and marine and freshwater fishes of the Middle East. He published also on the neuro-histology and micro-anatomy of the amphibian eye. He was the leader of the first Israel South Red Sea Expedition to the Dahlak Archipelago in 1962. One of his dreams was the establishment of a Marine Biological Laboratory near Elat, which became a reality on August 20, 1968 when the station was officially opened. This interuniversity biological station carries now the name of Heinz Steinitz. A large variety of animal species has been named after Heinz Steinitz: Rubratella steinitzi Pawlowski & Lee, 1991 (Foraminifera); Hydroides steinitzi Ben-Eliahu, 1972 (Polychaeta); Bohadschia steinitzi Cherbonnier, 1963 (Echinodermata); Typhlocirolana steinitzi Strouhal, 1961 [= Turcolana steinitzi] (Isopoda); Aphanogmus steinitzi Priesner, 1936 (Heminoptera); Elasmopus steinitzi Ruffo, 1959 (Amphipoda); Pseudocyclops steinitzi Por, 1968 (Copepoda); Albunea steinitzi Holthuis, 1958 (Decapoda); Istiblennius steinitzi Lotan,1969 [= Istiblennius flaviumbrinus (Rüppell, 1830)]; Scorpaenodes steinitzi Klausewitz & Fröiland, 1970; Gammogobius steinitzi Bath, 1971; Photoblepharon palpebratum steinitzi Abe & Haneda, 1973 [= Photoblepharon steinitzi]; Cryptocentrus steinitzi Klausewitz, 1974 [= Amblyeleotris steinitzi]; Omobranchus steinitzi Springer & Gomon, 1975; Cocotropus steinitzi Eschmeyer & Dor, 1978; Helcogramma steinitzi Clark, 1980 (all Pisces). In addition the fish species Tylognathus steinitziorum Kosswig, 1950 [= Hemigrammocapoeta nana (Heckel, 1843)] was named after both Walter and Heinz Steinitz. (Dr Henk K. Mienis, Hebrew Univ., Jerusalem, kindly provided all this information).

Walter Steinitz, (12 Feb. - Breslau, Germany (today Wroclaw, Poland)) 1882-1963 (Ramot HaShavim, Israel), received his medical degree in 1905 in Rostock and specialized in heart surgery. At the same time he became more and more interested in zoology: first in the anatomy of nerves and muscles in various mammals, later on in the field of marine zoology. In 1918 he received a Ph.D. from the University of Breslau. His thesis dealt with the development of the eye in the Humpback whale. While still in Germany he became interested in Palestine and various aspects of marine biology in the Eastern Mediterranean. In 1919 he proposed in detail a plan for the establishment of a marine biological station on the coast of Palestine. Journeys to Palestine in 1924 and 1925 led to the publication of his first paper in a series of articles dealing with various aspects of the marine fauna of that area. One of the most important papers was without doubt the one discussing the migration of Indo-Pacific species into the Mediterranean since the beginning of the Quaternary. In March 1933 he immigrated to Palestine with his family. In 1939 he started with the building of a marine biological station in the Haifa Bay. Since most of the financial support was received from abroad (among others from Lord Rothschild) this project had to be abolished because of World War II. However, most of his ideas inspired his son Heinz Steinitz (q.v.) to follow in his father's footsteps. The sea anemone Cribrina steinitzi Pax, 1925 was named after Walter, while the fish species Tylognathus steinitziorum Kosswig, 1950 [= Hemigrammocapoeta nana (Heckel, 1843)] was dedicated to father Walter and son Heinz Steinitz. (Dr. Henk K. Mienis, Hebrew Univ., Jerusalem, kindly provided all this information).

Dr. Leonhard Hess Stejneger, (30 Oct. - Bergen) 1851-1943 (28 Feb. - Washington, D.C.), Norwegian zoologist, who after a short career as a lawyer left Norway for USA in 1881. Working much in Alaska. Curator at the Smithsonian Institution. He also published a biography about G.W. Steller (q.v.) [Cerithiopsis stejnegeri Dall, 1884, Volutopsius callorhinus stejnegeri (Dall, 1884), Stylaster stejnegeri (Fisher, 1938), Mesoplodon stejnegeri, Haliclystus stejnegeri Kishinouye, 1899].

Stekhoven : (see Schuurmans Stekhoven).

Arthur Wilson Stelfox, (Belfast) 1883-1972, Irish architect and malacologist, mainly working on limnic bivalves.

Georg Wilhelm Steller, (10 Mar. - Winzenheim, Franconia) 1709-1746 (12 Nov.), German zoologist and arctic explorer connected with the now extinct Hydrodamalis gigas (Zimmerman,1780), also known as Steller's sea cow. In 1737 he became junior associate for Natural History to the Russian Academy of Science. In 1741-42, he accompanied Vitus Bering, on the vessel Saint Peter to Alaska. He died (froze to death) in Tyumen' on his way home to St Petersburg [Amicula stelleri A. T. Von Middendorff, 1846, Cryptochiton stelleri (Middendorff, 1847), likely Parametopella stelleri Gurjanova, possibly Turbonilla stelleri Bartsch, 1927, Myoxocephalus stelleri Tilesius; also Steller's Jay, Cyanocitta stelleri and Steller sea lion Eumetopias jubatus (Schreber, 1776) are connected with his name] (Dr. Rick Harbo, Canada, kindly provided some of this information).

Prof. Carlos Stellfeld, 1900-1970, Brazilian botanist, honoured in the copepod name Mesochra stellfeldi Jakobi, 1954.

The dolphin genus name Steno Gray, 1846 is likely not honouring the Danish anatomist and scientist Dr. Nikolaus Steno (alias Niels Stensen), (1 Jan. - København) 1638-1686 (25 Nov.), but named so because of its thin-beaked skull (Gr.. stenos = narrow).

Dr. Sofia Davidovna Stepanjants (8 Oct. - Leningrad) 1934-, Cnidarian (hydroidea, siphonophora & stauromedusae) worker from St. Petersburg, Russia.

Lacking information about Stepanov in the ophiuroid name Amphiura stepanovi D'yakonov, 1954.

The microsporidean name Glugea stephani (Hagenmüller, 1899), is in honour of M. Pierre Stephan, likely identical with Pierre Alphonse Stephan, (26 Apr. - Marseille) 1876-1907 (22 Dec.), French marine biologist.

Dr. Theodore Stephanides, (India, by Greek parents) 1896-1983 (13 Apr.), Greek poet, author, physician and naturalist, living in Corfu, but moving to Salonica in 1938, featuring in works of literary friends, the Durrell brothers, Henry Miller, etc., is honoured in the ostracod name Cytherois stephanidesi Klie, 1938 and the copepod names Schizopera stephanidesi (Pesta, 1937) and Thermocyclops stephanidesi Kiefer, 1938.

Mr. (Captain) Adolphe Stephant, 19??-, Lorient, France, shell collector, obtained type specimens of Vasum stephanti Emerson & Sage, 1988 from Danish shrimpers operating off Somalia.

Stephen : (see Edmonds).

J.F. Stephens : (see Leach).

Jane Stephens, (Dublin) 1879-19?? (buried at the Durrington Cemetary, Worthing), Spongiologist and cnidariologist from Dublin, working up some of the "Clare Island Survey" material. She studied at the Royal University of Ireland and became Assistent Naturalist at the National Museum in her home city [Hymedesmia stephensi Burton, 1930, Ectyodoryx stephensi Burton, 1930]. In 1920 she married Dr. Robert Francis Scharff, (Leeds, England (German parents)) 1858-1934 (13 Sep. - Worthing, England), a colleague at the same museum (after having been assistant under A.G. More from 1887, he became keeper at the Natural Histor Museum of Dublin in 1890 when More retired , retired himself in 1921 and moved after that to Worthing, Sussex), according to Praeger somewhat rigid, but very well informed about persons and places, because he was educated not only in Britain, but also in e.g. Heidelberg and Bordeaux and had worked at e.g. the marine laboratory in Naples and also taking part in several international meetings. He was one of the primary persons ensuring that the Clare Island Survey became reality. Jane Stephens had to relinquish her job in 1920, when she married and moved to Sussex with her husband.

Katherine "Kate" Stephens (1 May) 1851-1954 (29 Aug. - San Diego), English-American naturalist who specialized in the mollusks of the San Diego, California area, marine and terrestrial, living and fossil; she held various positions at the San Diego Natural History Museum, including Curator of Mollusks & Marine Invertebrates. Born Katherine Brown in England, she had an early interest in natural history, visiting museums in London and working for a period at the British Museum of Natural History there. She emigrated to the United States in 1890, moving to San Diego County in southern California and living with a cousin. She taught school, and in her spare time became the acknowledged expert on the marine and terrestrial mollusks of the area. In August 1898 she married Frank Stephens, (Livingston County, NY) 1849-1937 (struck by a car), a prominent southern California naturalist known primarily as a mammalogist, but also involved in e.g. birds. He was one of the founders of the San Diego Museum of Natural History and its first Director; in 1910 she became curator of the future musuem's collections, and in 1920 she was made Curator of Mollusks & Marine Invertebrates. She accompanied him on his collecting trip, including the Alexander Alaska Expedition of 1907 to Prince William Sound, Alaska, where she collected two species that would be named for her: Cerithiopsis stephensae Bartsch, 1909, and Odostomia stephensi Dall & Bartsch, 1907 (named for Kate, not Frank, so it should have been stephensae), now considered synonymous with O. tenuisculpta Carpenter, 1864. During 1927-28, she worked on the fossil mollusks of San Diego County as part of a paleontological study co-directed by her husband and paleontologist Ulysses S. Grant IV (q.v.) that culminated with Grant and Hoyt Rodney Gale's publication in 1931 of Catalogue of the Marine Pliocene and Pleistocene Mollusca of California and Adjacent Regions. She taught natural history in San Diego, and future ichthyologist and Scripps Institution of Oceanography biology professor Carl Leavitt Hubbs (q.v.) was one of the students she influenced. Retiring in 1936, she was active in research well into her 90s. When she died in San Diego her personal collection went to the museum. [Amphithalamus stephensae Bartsch, 1927, Cerithiopsis stephensae Bartsch, 1909, Gafrarium stephensae Jordan, 1936 = Gouldia californica Dall, 1917, Rissoina stephensae Baker, Hanna & Strong, 1930, Delphionidea stephensae Baker, Hanna & Strong, 1938, likely Murexiella (Murexiella) stephensae Vokes, 1994, likely Triphora stephensi Baker & Spicer, 1935]. (Donald Cunningham at NFESC is thankfully acknowledged for all the information about Mrs Stephens).

Knud Hensch Stephensen, 1882-1947, Danish zoologist, was mainly an amphipod specialist, but worked with all the spectrum of crustaceans and pantopods as a curator at the Zoological Museum, København [Ericthonius stephenseni Myers & McGrath, 1984, Campylaspis stephenseni Just, 1970, Bathyceradocus stephenseni Pirlot, 1934, Stephensenia Schellenberg, 1928, Princaxelia stephenseni Dahl, 1959, Ischyrocerus stephenseni Gurjanova, 1951, Tmetonyx stephenseni Chevreux, 1935, Orchestia stephenseni Cecchini, 1928, Munna stephenseni Gurjanova, 1933, Stenothoe stephenseni Reid, 1951]

Prof. Dr. Colonel John Stephenson, (Padiham, Lancashire) 1871-1933 (2 Feb.), published on Indian oligochaetes in 1915 and translated Arabic zoological literature to English. He served in India between 1895-1921, after which he retired ant went to Edinburgh as a lecturer in zoology until 1929, when he moved to London. [Stephensoniella Cernosvitov, 1934].

Prof. Thomas Alan Stephenson, (19 Jan. - Burnham-on-Sea, Somerset) 1898-1961 (3 Apr.), FRS, British anthozoologist, who wrote the 2 volume "British Sea Anemones" after he had moved to Cape Town. During a large part of his youth he suffered severely from tbc, but after his marriage (see below) he became better and he and his wife took part in the Great Barrier Reef Expedition of 1928-29. In Cape Town he started shore investigations and helped by a staff of research assistants, including i.a. Dr. J.H. Day (q.v.) and Dr. G.F. Papenfuss (q.v.), he and his helpers succeded to publish much new information, but after the start of WW2 he returned to Britain and the chair at Aberystwyth in 1940. [Paradrepanophorus stephensoni Wheeler, 1940, Paracalliactis stephensoni Carlgren, 1928, Malacobelemnon stephensoni Tixier-Durivault, 1965, Phasacolosoma stephensoni (Stephen, 1942), Lipkea stephensoni Carlgren, 1933, Porites stephensoni Crossland, 1952, Themiste stephensoni (Stephen, 1942), Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) stephensoni (Stephen, 1942), Palombiella stephensoni (Palombi, 1938), likely Corbula (Notocorbula) stephensoni Lamprell & Healy, 1993, Anthostella stephensoni Carlgren, 1938, Edwardsia stephensoni Carlgren, 1950, Telmatactis stephensoni Carlgren, 1950, Epiactis stephensoni Pax F., 1922, Turbinaria stephensoni Crossland 1952, Porites stephensoni Crossland, 1952, Turbinolia stephensoni (Wells, 1959), Balanoglossus stephensoni Van der Horst, 1937, likely Palombiella stephensoni (Westblad, 1951), likely Gibberythrops stephensoni (W. Tattersall, 1936)]. The name of his beloved wife (from 1922), who survived him, was Anne (née Wood) and she is honoured in the South African anthozoan name Anthopleura anneae Carlgren, 1940 and in Epiphellia anneae Carlgren, 1950.

Whiteleggia stephensoni Boesch, 1973 was named for Professor William "Bill" Stephenson, 1921-1997, Professor of Zoology at the University of Queensland.  Stephenson, was a native of England, receiving his Ph.D. and D.Sc. from the University of Newcastle.  A marine zoologist, he was a long-serving Professor of Zoology at the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.  He wrote several books on the natural history of southeastern Queensland and conducted and published research in the taxonomy of stomatopods and portunid crabs, benthic ecology, and quantitative methods in ecology.  He was one of the founding members of the Australian Marine Sciences Association and established the University of Queensland’s Moreton Bay Research Station.  He was the collector of the W. stephensoni type specimens. [Oratosquillina stephensoni (Manning, 1978), Portunus stephensoni Moosa, 1981, Stenhelia (Delavalia) stephensoni Greenwood & Tucker, 1984, Alpheus stephensoni Banner & Smalley, 1969, Thalamita stephensoni Crosnier, 1962, likely Ovalipes stephensoni Williams, 1976], (Dr. Donald F. Boesch, Maryland, kindly provided this information & Dr. A. Bruce, kindly provided the connection to the stomatopod name. A short biography may be found here).

Dr. Victor Sterki, (Solothurn, Switzerland) 1846-1933, had studied at the Universities of Bern and München (MD in 1878) and practiced medicine in Europe before he moved to USA in 1883. He settled in Ohio as a physician, but retired in 1900, becoming a full time malacologist, dealing with mainy fresh water mollusks.

The heliozoan name Chlamydaster sterni Rainer, 1968 is a tribute to Dr. Curt Stern, (30 Aug. - Hamburg) 1902-1981 (23 Oct.), wha achieved his PhD at the Univ. of Berlin in 1923 on a dissertation on Heliozoa.

The diatom name Rhopalodia sterrenburgii Krammer in Lange-Bertalot & Krammer, 1987 must likely be a tribute to Frithjof A.S. Sterrenburg, 19??-, the Netherlands.

Dr. Wolfgang E. Sterrer, (Perg) 1940-, Austrian marine biologist, working on plathelminths, gnathostomulids, etc.. He was in charge of the Bermuda Biological Station during 16 years (from 1969) and after that curator of the Bermuda Natural History Museum [Rutiderma sterreri Kornicker, 1981, Bradynectes sterreri Rieger,1971, Sterreria Lundin, 2000, Parastygarctus sterreri Renaud-Mornant, 1970, Megadasys sterreri (Boaden, 1974), Stephensoniella sterreri (Laserre & Erséus, 1976), Somersiella sterreri Hart & Manning, 1981, Falcidens sterreri Salvini-Plawen, 1967, Retronectes sterreri Faubel, 1976, Rhizodendrium sterreri Calder 1988, Neotenotrocha sterreri Eibye-Jacobsen & R.M. Kristensen, 1994, Platyops sterreri Bacescu & Iliffe, 1986, Paranesidea sterreri Maddocks 1986, Metandrocarpa sterreri, C. Monniot, 1972, Semaeognathia sterreri Riedl, 1970 & Bermudorhynchus sterreri Karling, 1978, Retronectes sterreri Faubel, 1976].

Dr. Adolf Steuer, (Grulich, NE Bohemia) 1871-1960 (Riehen (close to Basel, Switzerland)), Zooplankton researcher (and invertebrate taxonomist), working mainly in the Adriatic Sea and the Red Sea. He was director of the Marine Research Station, Rovinj, between 1931-40 [Tokophrya steueri Schröder, 1911, Paracanthonchus steueri Micoletzky, 1922, Cyclopina steueri Früchtl, 1924, Rogneda steueri (Steinböck, 1933), Niphargus steueri Klie,1935, Potamocypris steueri Klie, 1935, Pontosphaera steueri Kamptner, 1936, Epizoanthus steueri Pax, 1937, Lohmannella steueri Viets, 1940, Acartia (Acanthacartia) steueri Smirnov, 1938, Haliclona steueri Burton, 1936, Neoplanocera steueri (Steinböck, 1937), Zoothamnium steueri Kahl, 1935].

Dr. Ulrich Steusloff, 1883-1953, German Malacologist.

Zdravko Števčić, 1931-, has worked on decapod crustacean taxonomy and ecology at the Marine Research Station, Rovinj, since 1960 [Epistylis stevcici Scheubel & Guhl, 1973, Copidognathus stevcici Bartsch, 1976].

Dr. George Alexander Steven, (13 Apr. - Freshwick, Caithness) 1901-1958 (7 Apr. - Yelverton, Devon), British zoologist at the Plymouth laboratory, working on seals, cephalopods, sea birds, but most of all fishes, mainly elasmobranchs and mackerel [Caridion steveni Lebour, 1930, Gobius gasteveni Miller, 1974].

Lacking information about Steven in the gastropod name Olivella steveni Burch & Campbell, 1963.

Lacking information about Steven in the isopod name Gnathia steveni Menzies, 1962.

Belle Alice Stevens, 1894-1960 (Sep.), studied for Kincaid (q.v.) at the Univ. of Washington, where she graduated on Callianassidae and Hermit Crabs. She taught biology in a big high school in Seattle and spent many summers at Friday Harbor. [Pagurus stevensae Hart]. (Dr. D. Damkaer kindly provided some of this information).

Dr. Nettie Maria Stevens, (7 July - Cavendish, Vermont) 1861-1912 (4 May - Baltimore, Maryland), US biologist, who published on ciliates during the first years of the 20:th century in connection with PhD studies at the Marine laboratory in Naples, Italy and at the Zoological Institute at the Univ. of Würzburg, Germany, is honoured in the ciliate name Boveria stevensi Issel, 1903. She recieved her PhD in 1903.

The Porcellanid name Pachycheles stevensii Stimpson, 1858 is likely named for Lt. Henry K. Stevens, 18??-1???, who was in command of "John Hancock" (the US - North Pacific Exploring Expedition's ship) after Comdr. Ringold was seriosly ill in Hong Kong in 1854, thus a shipmate of Stimson during this expedition. He may possibly be identical with an exact namesake, a 1:rst Liutenant, born in Connecticut, appointed to US Navy from Florida in 1839, who fwas killed in action on Bayou Teche, Lousiana, January 14, 1963.

Henry Stevenson, 1833-1888, was the author of "The Fauna of Norfolk" (1879). The ostracod Darwinula stevensoni (originally in genus Polycheles) was named for this early ornithologist by G. S. Brady (q.v.) and David Robertson (q.v.) in 1870, when they said "We have much pleasure in dedicating [this species] to Henry Stevenson, Esq., the accomplished author of the 'Birds of Norfolk' [3 volumes, 1866-1890], to whose kind interest in the objects of our visit to the [East Anglican] district we are indebted for much of our success." (Dr. David Damkaer kindly supplied this information). Another namesake with marine interests was the Scottish civil engineer Robert Stevenson, (8 June - Glasgow) 1772-1850 (12 July - Edinburgh), (grandfather of Robert Louis Sevenson), a civil engineer and lighthouse constructor, who had studied natural history with the zoologist Robert Jameson, 1774-1854 (who succeeded Walker (q.v.) in Edinburgh) and later came to know Forbes (q.v.) and James Smith (of Jordanhill) (q.v.) through the Wernerian Society.

Lacking information about Stevin in the gastropod name Triphora stevini F. Baker, 1926.

The gastropod name Cingula stewardsoni (Vanatta, 1909) was named for the collector Stewardson Brown, 1867-1921, of Bermudas, curator of Botany at the herbarium at the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences.

Lacking information about Stewart in the decapod name Nephropsis stewarti Wood-Mason, 1873. Possibly this may be Capt. Dr. F.H. Stewart, 18??-19??, Indian Medical Service, physician and a friend of N. Annandale (q.v.), who in 1911 published "Development and Anatomy of Cirripedes" in the Indian Museum Memoirs series and later (at least in 1927-28 and 1941-43, named retired and Major in 1928, but evidenly continuing working at the Cheddleton Mental Hostital, Staffordshire) continued to publish on cirripedes, but considering the early time of the name perhaps another person, e.g. the Scottish physicist Prof. Balfour Stewart, (1 Nov. - Edinburgh) 1828-1887 (19 Dec.), may be a better guessing.

Lacking information about Stewart in the ciliate name Prorodon stewarti Ghosh, 1929.

Lacking information about Stewart in the polychaete name Syllis (Typosyllis) stewarti Berkeley & Berkeley, 1942, but possibly not directly for a person's name, but for the hydrographical survey boat "Wm. J. Stewart", which was used in California in 1935.

Dr. Gustav Albert Stiasny, (10 Dec. - Wien) 1877-1946 (12 June - Leiden), Dutch biologist of Austrian origin, PhD at the Univ. of Wien in 1903, with special interests in Coelenterata, Brachiopoda and Tornaria larvae, who from 1919 shared the curatorship of invertebrates at the Rijksmuseum in Leiden with R. Horst (q.v.) and in 1925 got a Dutch citicenship. After his dissertation, he served on board "Michal Sars" in the Atlantic and learned to know Appellöf (q.v.), Helland-Hansen (q.v.), Hjort (q.v) and Gran (q,v.), in 1906 he took part in an expedition to W Greenland and in 1912 he served as a personal assistant to Prof. Cori (q,v.) and took part in expeditions in the Mediterranean, to the Azoreres, Canarian Islands and South America, [Manokia stiasnyi (Bigelow, 1938), Tornaria stiasnyi (Björnberg, 1954), Wrightella stiasnyi (van Ofwegen, 1989)]. Another researcher, working on nemerteans, originally named Gerarda Wijnhoff (the years before World War I), but from 1915, when she married Stiasny, publishing under the name Dr. Gerarda Stiasny-Wijnhoff, 1889-19?? (still publishing during 1942 and probably surviving her husband during several years), partly together with Stiasny. [Oerstedia wijnhoffae Friedrich, 1935, Wijnhoffella Friedrich, 1940, Probalaenanemertes wijnhoffae Brinkmann, 1917, Carinina wijnhoffae Kulikova, 1984, Gerardanemertes Härlin, 1998, Wijnhoffia Härlin, 1998]. She had been a disciple of Hubrecht (q.v.) in Utrecht. The couple had two sons.

Mr. Everett C. Stiles (the collector), 19??-, of Bellingham, Washington, is honoured in the gastropod name Neptunea stilesi A.G. Smith, 1968.

Stillman : (see Berry).

William Stimpson, (14 Feb. - Roxbury, Mass.) 1832-1872 (26 May - Ilchester, Maryland), U.S. marine biologist, especially essential as a crustacean taxonomist and malacologist. He was interested in science already as a boy, and at age 16 he began to to appear at the Boston Society of Natural History, where he met A. A. Gould (q.v.), who introduced him to Louis Agassiz (q.v.). In 1849, Stimpson was attached to a commercial fishing venture to Nova Scotia, but he seems to have spent an unusual amount of time collecting at Grand Manan. He worked up the invertebrates and his report was reviewed by Gould and James D. Dana (q.v.), then published by the Smithsonian in 1853. By 1850 Stimpson was working as an assistant in Agassiz's laboratory. In 1852, Stimpson joined Ringgold's North Pacific Exploring Expedition, and spent 4 years (1853-56) in the North Pacific, Japan, and adjacent regions. (Ringgold had been on the U.S. Exploring Expedition, with Dana et al.). Stimpson spent much time dredging, often together with colleagues like Verrill (see Bush), but yet managed to publish more than 60 papers during his short life. In 1857, Stimpson went to Europe, and even dredged around the British coast. By 1858, he was working for S.F. Baird (q.v.) at the Smithsonian, and there he met and became a best friend of Robert Kennicott (q.v.). Kennicott was the head of the Chicago Academy of Sciences. Stimpson received an Honorary Doctorate in 1860 from the Columbian College (later named George Washington University). Kennicott brought Stimpson to Chicago to take his place while he (Kennicott) explored Alaska. In 1866, the academy's building burned down. This was before Stimpson had time to do much or to add much. The soon rebuilt academy was in a new "fireproof" building, and Stimpson added his own huge collections and many specimens borrowed from the Smithsonian. Not to mention a large number of books. It was his plan to review the marine invertebrates of the whole U.S. east coast, and he was well on his way to do so. Then Mrs. O'Leary's cow kicked over a lantern in the barn, starting the Great Chicago Fire in October 1871; in 48 hours the city was gone, including the Academy of Sciences and everything Stimpson was working with. This broke him - his tuberculosis became worse, and he went home to Ilchester, Maryland where he died 26 May 1872, only 40 years old. His last manuscripts was destroyed, like almost all his types (and almost all types from the U.S. Exploring expedition (see Dana) and the North Pacific Exploring Expedition). However, by a fortunate accident Jeffreys (q.v.) visited Stimpson shortly before the fire and got duplicates of several molluscs in order to be able to compare them with the Porcupine material [Sicyonia stimpsoni Bouvier, 1905, Placiphorella stimpsoni (A. A. Gould, 1859), Panulirus stimpsoni Holthuis, 1963, Colus stimpsoni (Mörch, 1867), Peponocyathus stimpsonii (Pourtalès, 1871), Deltocyathoides stimpsoni (Pourtalès, 1871), Turritellopsis stimpsoni Dall, 1919, Truncatella stimpsoni Stearns, 1872, Stilifer stimpsoni Verrill, 1872, Urosalpinx stimpsoni Dall, 1927, Poirieria stimpsonii (Dall, 1889), Beringius stimpsoni (Gould, 1860), Liomesus stimpsoni Dall, 1889, Conus stimpsoni Dall, 1902, Turbonilla stimpsoni Bush, 1899, Coryphella stimpsoni Verrill, 1880, Cuthona stimpsoni Verrill, 1880, Dentalium entale stimpsoni Henderson, 1920, Transennella stimpsoni Dall, 1902, Gastrochaena stimpsoni Tryon, 1861, Thracia stimpsoni Dall, 1886, Pteropurpura stimpsoni A. Adams, 1863, Synalpheus stimpsoni (De Man, 1888), Halocampa stimpsonii Verrill A.E., 1868, Cereus stimpsonii Verrill A.E., 1870, Anthopleura stimpsonii Verrill A.E., 1870, Balanophyllia stimpsonii (Verrill, 1865), Amphiura stimpsonii Lütken, 1859, Pagurus stimpsoni A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier, 1893]. (Dr. D. Damkaer kindly provided much of the details regarding Stimpson).

Dr. Jože Štirn, (1 Dec.) 1934-, obtained his Ph.D. at the University of Ljubljana (Slovenia) under Hadzi (q.v.). Štirn published many papers on the effects of pollution on the benthos of the Adriatic Sea and other Mediterranean areas, working from the Biological Institute at Portoroz (part of the University of Ljubljana). He also worked with the Tunisian Government and the Smithsonian Institution on several Mediterranean projects in the late 1960s and early 1970s. In recent years (1990s), he has been a consultant to the government of Oman. The copepod Undinella stirni Grice, 1971 bears his name (Dr. D. Damkaer kindly supplied this information).

Ab Stiva, 1926-1983, Dutch Malacologist.

Professor Dr. Jan Hendrik Stock, (22 Feb. - western Amsterdam) 1931-1997 (17 Feb.), Dutch zoologist at the Univ. of Amsterdam. "... a man of rare accomplishment and encyclopedic knowledge of crustaceans". His main interest within crustaceans was copepods and amphipods, but he also had an interest in e.g. pantopods. He published more than 500 articles, is said to have been very amused by good stories, whether they were true or not, and himself he duped colleages with fabulous stories they believed in, because in his research he was a very conscientious man, well liked by both colleagues and students. He had started his zoological career as an assistant curator to Prof. De Beaufort of marine invertebrates, particularly crustaceans at the Zoological Museum in Amsterdam. He was also educated by Profs. Engel (q.v.), Slijper (q.v.) and Ihle (q.v.) and in 1968 he succeded Engel as professor of zoological systematics and biogeography (while Dr. Sjouke Pinkster, (10 May) 1943-1996 (14 Oct. - accidental fall in a Pyrenean ravine), Dutch fresh water gammarid specialist succeded him as curator at the Zoological Museum Amsterdam). [Stockia Sebastian & Krishna Pillai, 1974, Hannonia stocki Munilla, 1993, Stygotantulus stocki Boxshall & Huys, 1989, Limnodriloides janstocki Erséus, 1992, Pseudomacrochiron stocki Reddiah, 1969, Octopicola stocki Humes, 1963, Bitias stocki Fransen, 1990, Dendronephthya (Morchellana) stocki Verseveldt, Bradyagaue stocki Bartsch, 1992, Anoplodactylus stocki Bacescu, 1958, Stygotantulus stocki Boxshall & Huys, 1989, Echinogammarus stocki Karaman, 1969, Evalea stocki de Jong & Coomans, 1988, Halodeima stocki Cherbonnier, 1964, Troglocyclops janstocki Da Rocha & Iliffe, 1994, Indoweckelia stocki Ruffo et al., 2003, Monanchora stocki van Soest, 1990, Nymphon stocki Utinomi, 1955]. (Obituary in Monoculus 33)

The New Zealand cephalopod name Architeuthis stockii (Kirk, 1882) was named after the Ven. Archdeacon Stock, "to whom I am indebted for information of its stranding". The Archdeacon was Arthur Stock, (24 Mar. - Bow Parish, Mile End Road, London) 1823-1901 (23 Sep.),

Wilhelm Stocken, (10 Mar.) 1938-1998 (21 Jan.), German protozoologist.

Helmut Stocker, (19 May) 1924-1991 (17 Aug.), German Malacologist.

Helen E. Stoddart, 19??-, at the Division of Invertebrate Zoology, Australian Museum, Sydney, is honoured in the amphipod name Notopoma stoddartae Lowry & Berents, 1996 , while the scleractinian name Acropora stoddarti Pillai & Scheer, 1976 (and also a few herbs) are named for Prof. Dr. David R. Stoddart, 1937-, Cambridge Univ., a coral reef worker, who achieved his PhD in 1964.

Dr. Rudolf Stohler, (5 Dec. - Basel, Switzerland) 1901-2000 (24 Apr.), of the University of California, Berkeley, founder and editor of the malacological journal "The Veliger". He was educated at the universities in Geneva and Basel, earning PhDs in Zoology and Botany. He spent the years 1928-29 in San Francisco on an International Exchange Fellowship, married and returned to Switzerland. However, he again returned to USA in 1932 - together with his wife - returned to USA as Research Associate at U.C. Berkeley, where he taught and was Curator of the Museum of Invertebrate Zoology at the University, until he retired in 1969, however continuing as editor of "The Veliger" until 1983 [Cypraea stohleri Cate & Schilder, 1968, Stohleroma Cate, 1973 stohleri Cate, 1973, Acanthodoris stohleri Lance, 1968, Lepidozona stohleri Ferreira, 1985, Terebra stohleri Bratcher & Burch, 1970, Dendrodoris stohleri Millen & Bertsch, 2005]. (Dr. Riccardo Giannuzzi-Savelli, Palermo, kindly added tha last eponym).

Dr. Alfred Cheatham Stokes, 1846?-1926 (15 Apr., at age 79), physician in Trenton, New Jersey, who had studied at the Univ. of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, published on (mainly fresh water) North American ciliates, micro algae and other microscopical organisms from before 1888 and is honoured in the ciliate name Stokesia Wenrich, 1929 and the choanoflagellate name Dicraspedella stokesi Ellis, 1930, may likely also be a tribute to him.

Mr. Alfred J. Stokes, 18??-19?? (still publishing in 1961, but was called the late in Sep. 1970, when his shell collection was sold), President of the Malacological Section of the Royal Society of South Australia [Mesericusa stokesi Cotton, 1961].

Lacking information about Stokes in the madreporarian names Leptopsammia stokesiana Milne Edwards & Haime, 1848, Dichocoenia stokesi Milne Edwards & Haime, 1848, Paracyathus stokesii Milne Edwards & Haime, 1848, Truncatoflabellum stokesii (Milne Edwards & Haime, 1848), Oulangia stokesiana stokesiana Milne Edwards & Haime, 1848 and Goniopora stokesi Milne Edwards & Haime, 1851. Possibly the name may honour John Rees's (who had changed his name to Stokes) and the M.D. George Phillips' daughter Anne's (grand-daughter of John Lort) son Admiral John Lort Stokes, ("Scotch-well", near Haverfordwest) 1812-1885 (11 June - Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire), who in 1846 published on "Discoveries in Australia : with an account of the coast and rivers explored and surveyed during the Voyage of H.M.S. Beagle, in ... 1837" (he had then worked for 18 years on board the "Beagle", taking part in the circumnavigation under FitzRoy and becoming a friend and companion of C. Darwin (q.v.) and when surveyong the Victoria River in NW Australia he received a spear wound and suffered from the effects of this until the end of his life (mostly as a surveyor and as Commander)), but perhaps these species more likely are named for Charles Stokes, 1783 (or 1784?)-1853 (28 Dec.), who published "Remarks on some Corals obtained from great depths in the antarctic ocean" in Sir James Clark Ross' report " A Voyage of discovery and research in the southern and antarctic regions, during the years 1839-43". London, 1847. The last Stokes is identical with a correspondent of Dr Johnston (q.v.) and was a friend of Leach (q.v.), who is mentioning him by Mr. Stokes of Chesterfield. He was a London stockbroker, naturalist and amateur geologist who had a valuable library, which was sold after his decease, at Sotheby's May 30-31 1854. C. Stokes was also a general naturalist and a collector of coins and art. Another name, which may honour C. Stokes is Pyrgoma stokesii J.E. Gray, 1825, but perhaps the latest name instead may be in honour of L. Stokes, who together with Broderip (q.v.) described Caryophyllia smithi L. Stokes & Broderip,1828 ? [Chiton stokesii W. J. Broderip, 1832]. However, L. may here be a slip of the pen for C, because Charles Stokes was a vice president in the Geological Society of London simultaneously with Broderip being a secretary there, so they must have known each other well and they were of about the same age, Broderip being 6 years younger. Still another namesake (but not related to J.L. Stokes) was Pringle Stokes, (Surrey) 1793-1828 (suicicde during the ship's first voyage to South America - shot himself in delirium 2:nd Aug. and died 10 days later), who was commander of the Beagle 1826-28 and one more was Dr. Jonathan S. Stokes, (Chesterfield, Derbyshire) around 1755-1831 (30 Apr. - Kidderminster), physician and botanist who had studied medicine in Edinburgh (MD 1782) (a letter friend of Linnaeus jr.), who practised medicine at Kidderminster and Shrewsbury, after whom the botanical genus Stokesia is named. He may likely be related to (father of?) Charles Stokes.

Lacking information about Stoksman in the peneid name Metapeneus stoksmani Burukovski, 1990.

Antonin Štolc, 1863-1917, Czechoslovakian zoologist, publishing on protoctists and oligochaetes [Sphaeractinomyxon stolci Caullery & Mesnil, 1904].

Dr. Ferdinand Stoliczka (Czech: Stolička), (7 June - near Kroměříž in Moravia) 1838-1874 (19 June - High altitude sickness during an expedition across Himalaya), Czech palaeontologist working in India [Epinephelus stoliczkae (Day, 1875), Gibbula stoliczkana (G. & H. Nevill, 1869)].

Dr. Amelia C. Stolk, 19??-200?, Dutch fungiologist [Emericellopsis stolkiae Davidson & Christensen, 1971].

Prof. Henry "Hank" Melson Stommel, (27 Sep. - Wilmington, Delaware) 1920-1993 (17 Jan. - Boston), US well-known oceanographer and ocean current circulation specialist at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute.

Shirley Margaret Key Stone, around 1940-, English spongiologist. She was curatorial assistant at the Natural History Museum with Burton and acting curator since his retirement in 1959. She took an early retirement and left the museum in 1996, and her place has been taken by Clare Valentine (q.v.), but Stone continued working on sponges together with Valentine. [Microscleroderma stoneae Lévi & Lévi, 1983, Strongylophora stoneae Van Soest & Stentoft, 1988, Halicometes stonei Sarà & Bavestrello, 1996 (should have been named stoneae)]. (Dr. Rob van Soest kindly provided part of this information).

The shrimp name Eualus stoneyi (Rathbun, 1902) is likely named for Lt. George M. Stoney, 18??-1???, US Navy, from S. Carolina, who i.a. collected in Alaska in 1883-86, not only animals and plants, but also minerals.

The shrimp name Periclimenaeus storchi Bruce, l989 was named for the German (Heidelberg) researcher Prof. Dr. Volker Storch, (4 Dec.) 1943-. (Dr. A.J. Bruce kindly supplied this information and Prof. Storch himself kindly provided the date).

The US physician and ichthyologist Dr. David Humphreys Storer, (26 Mar. - Portland, ME) 1804-1891 (10 Sep. - Boston), is honoured in the fish name Ditropichthys storeri (Goode & Bean, 1895).

Melissa Storey, 19??-, crustacean worker at Museum Victoria, Melbourne, Australia is one of the persons honoured in the amphipod name Linguimaera kellissa Krapp-Schickel, 2003. The other person is Kelly Merrin, 19??-, both sharing laboratory with the author at the museum for some time. The amphipod name Konatopus storeyae Myers, 2002 is an honour for the same person (M. S.).

Vilhelm Ferdinand Johan Storm, (28 Sep. - Arendal) 1835-1913 (19 May - Trondheim), from 1872 working as a curator (konservator) at the Trondheims Videnskapsselskaps Natural History Collections, where he primarily studied the fauna of the Trondheim Fjord. When the Trondhjem Biological Station was founded in 1900, the studies were continued after some years of sampling inactivity [Porania (Pseudoporania) stormi (Dons, 1935), the land crab name Geograpsus stormi De Man, 1845, however, was named for a ship's captain, named Storm, 1???- 18??, who collected it in Aljeh at the western coasts of Malacca].

Dr. Michele Stossich, (12 Aug.) 1857-1906 (7 Feb.), physician & helminthologist in Trieste, working in the Adriatic Sea (also on polychaetes and crustaceans) [Aphanurus stossichii (Monticelli, 1893), Elstia stossichianum (Monticelli, 1892), Telorchis stossichi Goldberger, 1911, Calicotyle stossichi Braun, 1899, Mangelia stossiciana Brusina, 1869]. His father, Prof. Adolf Stossich, (16 Jan. - Rijeka) 1824-1900 (25 June - Trieste), was a biologist as well, interested in e.g. malacology, speleology, botany, etc. (Dr. David Damkaer is acknowledged for supplying the life span).

Vexillum (Costellaria) stossieri H. Turner & M. P. Marrow, 2001 is named in honour of Mr. Günter Stossier, 19??-, (world travelling ship's officer, Hamburg, Germany) in appreciation of his long time fruitful cooperation on the taxonomy of mitriform gastropods. (Dr. Hans Turner, Casa La Conchiglia, Rovia, Switzerland, kindly provided this information).

The hagfish name Eptatretus stoutii (Lockington, 1878) was named for Dr. Arthur B. Stout, 1815?-1898 (aged 83), San Francisco, physician and ethnologist.

Lacking information about Stow in the Australian mollusk name Asteracmea stowae (Verco, 1906)

Lacking information about Straelen in the E Atlantic skate name Raja straeleni Poll, 1951, but perhaps a tribute to Victor Émile van Straelen, 1889-1964, crustacean researcher and Directeur at de l'Institut royal des sciences naturelles de Belgique, between 1925-1954.

Lacking information about Strahan in the hagfish name Eptatretus strahani McMillan & Wisner, 1984 and in the hooded epaulett shark name Hemiscyllium strahani Whitley, 1967, although likely a tribute to Ronald Strahan, 19??-, former senior research scientist and Director of Taronga Park Zoo, Sydney, and Honorary Secretary of ANZAAS, later working with the Australian Museum, Sydney and who has published much on ichthyology.

Eliseo Duarte Strambi, (28 July - Montevideo) 1896-1987(1 July), was an Uruguayan collector of molluscs. (André Trombeto, Brazil, kindly provided this information).

Prof. Dr. Embrik Strand, (2 June - Ål, Buskerud, Norway) 1876-1947 (Riga, Latvia), Norwegian-Latvian spider and insect researcher, who also published on every kind of animals in need of new names, when their current names were preoccupied. Politically, he was influenced by Krapotkin and became an anarchist. [Enoplolaimus strandi Allgén, 1940, Halalaimus strandi Allgén, 1934, Viscosia strandi Allgén, 1935, Euchromadora strandi Allgén, 1934, Dichromadora strandi Allgén, 1940, Tricoma strandi (Allgén, 1939), Theristus strandi Allgén, 1934 & Anticoma strandi Allgén, 1940, Loxothylacus strandi Boschma, 1936].

Dr. Malin Strand, (23 Mar.) 1970-, nemertean student at the Lovén Centre for Marine Science, Tjärnö, at the Univ. of Göteborg.

The actiniarian name Phymanthus strandesi Carlgren, 1900 was named for Justus Strandes, (4 Feb. - Stade) 1859-1930 (16 July - Hamburg), a merchant for the Hamburg merchant company Hansing & Co. in Zanzibar, who published on the history of Zanzibar and after returning to Hamburg, became a Senator. The eponym name was suggested to Carlgren from Dr F. Stuhlmann (q.v.), who knew Strandes from his travels in Africa.

Atrina strangei Reeve, 1858 and Mitra strangei Angas were named for Frederick Strange, (Aylsham, Norfolk, England) 1826-1854 (15 Oct. - killed by aborigines, while collecting shells on Percy Island, Queensland), professional natural history collector.

Prof. Dr. Eduard Adolf Strasburger, (1 Feb. - Warshaw) 1844-1912 (18 May - Bonn), Polish / German well-known biologist (mainly botanist), between 1869-81 professor if botany in Jena, later working in Bonn.

Dirk Strattman, 19??-, German conchologist and collector, specialised in Trochidae. [Danilia strattmani  Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006]. (G. Poppe kindly provided this information).

Leonard Walter Stratton, (23 Oct. - Southampton) 1900-1971 (22 Jan. - Harpenden), British teacher (Headmaster of a boys' primary school) and Malacologist.

Aleksander Aleksandrovich Strauch, (1 Mar. - St. Petersburg) 1832-1893 (14 Aug. - Wiesbaden), Russian zoologist, mainly herpetologist, is likely the person honoured in the mysid name Acanthomysis strauchi (Czerniavsky, 1882).

The polychaete name Pileolaria (Nidularia) dalestraughanae Vine, 1972 is likely honouring Dr. Dale Straughan, 19??-, at the Univ. of Southern California, who was a coauthor of "Biological and oceanographical survey of the Santa Barbara Channel oil spill, 1969-1970". She later settled in Singapore.

Lacking information about Dave Straughan, 19??-, who i.a. published "Intertidal fouling in the Brisbane River, Queensland." 79 4 (1967): 25-40, in the pantopod name Endeis straughani Clark, 1970.

Lacking information about Straus in the leptostracan name Nebalia strausi Risso, 1826.

Lacking information about Straus in the gastropod name Hexaplex strausi Verrill, 1950 from e.g. Martinique.

Lewis H. Strauss, 19??-, of Washington who conceived, organized, produced and participated in the scientific expedition to St. Brandon's Shoals (SW Indian Ocean) during the 1970s [Anisochromis straussi Springer, Lavett Smith & Fraser, 1977]. Possibly identical to an identical namesake, born Apr. 4 1901.

George Jason Streator, 1846-1925, US Malacologist of Garrettsville, Ohio.

Dr. Hermann Strebel, 1834-1914, German malacologist [Lissotesta strebeli (Thiele, 1912), Eatoniella (Eatoniella) strebeli Ponder & Worsfold, 1994, Brookula strebeli Powell, 1951].

John Kern Strecker Jr., (10 July - Waterloo, IL) 1875-1933 (9 Jan. - Waco, Texas, by heart decease), US Naturalist who as a boy moved to Texas, mainly interested in herpetology, but also in e.g. malacology.

The diatom name Navicula streckerae Lange-Bertalot & Witkowski in Witkowski & al., 2000 is dedicated to Dr. Susanne Strecker, 19??-, Univ. of Giessen, who collected the sample containing the types for her doctoral thesis.

Dr. Thomas Hale Streets, 1847-1925, U.S. physician and naturalist on St. Martin [Chirundina streetsii Giesbrecht, 1895].

Prof. Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Strelkow, (20 Feb.) 1903-1977, a disciple of Schewiakoff (q.v.) and Dogiel (q.v.) in St Petersburg, Russian zoologist and protistologist [Protancyrocephalus strelkowi Bychowsky, 1957].

The sponge name Mycale strelnicovi Rezvoi, 1932 is likely a tribute to the Leningrad biology Prof. Ivan D. Strel'nikoff, 1887-1981, who in 1910 as a student had worked at the Russian marine laboratory in Villefranche.

Vladimir E. Strelzov, 19??-, Russian Paraonidae specialist, is honoured in the polychaete name Paraonis strelzovi Hartmann-Schröder, 1980.

Dr. Stephen A. Stricker, 19??-, Dept. of Biology, Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, is a nemertean researcher.

The Australian nudibranch name Halgerda stricklandi Fahey & Gosliner, 1999 is in honour of the Florida born underwater photographer Mark Strickland, 19??-, and another species, Reticulidia suzanneae Valdes & Behrens, 2002 is in honour of his wife, Suzanne Forman, 19??-.

The bivalve name Scissladrana ludmillae Petuch, 1987, is in honour of Mrs. Ludmilla Strickland, 19??-, Mount Holly, New Jersey. (Dr. Riccardo Giannuzzi-Savelli, Palermo, kindly provided this information).

The hagfish name Eptatretus strickrotti Møller & Jones, 2007 is named for the Alvin pilot Bruce Strickrott, 19??-, who captured it.

Prof. Pellegrino Strobel, (22 Aug. - Milano) 1821-1895 (8 June - Parma), Italian ethnologist, exploring the Andes of Chile and Argentina and also a well known malacologist. During the last years of his life, he was Rector Magnificus for the Univ. of Parma.

Strong : (see Fred Baker).

Prof. Dr. Hans Strouhal, (2 Oct., Vienna Austria), 1897-1969 (25 Jan., Vienna), a zoologist by profession, who spent most of his life in Vienna. He was appointed professor at the Vienna University in 1933, but was dismissed in 1938 from all his functions by the nazi authorities. After World War II he started to build up again the heavily damaged Vienna Museum of Natural History. He is best known for his fundamental work on terrestrial isopods. Numerous species have been named after him, some of the isopods and an amphipod may occur also in a marine habitat. The following is a selection in chronological order of animal species named after him: Bibloplectus strouhali Reitter, 1928 (Coleoptera); Niphargus strouhali Schellenberg, 1933 (Amphipoda); Plusiocampa strouhali Silvestri, 1933 (Hexapoda); Polydesmus strouhali Verhoeff, 1938 (Diplopoda); Macrotelsonia strouhali Frankenberger, 1938 (Isopoda); Servillia strouhali Czerny, 1939 (Diptera); Asellus strouhali Karaman, 1955 (Isopoda); Hadena strouhali Boursin, 1955 (Lepidoptera); Cretoniscellus strouhali Vandel, 1957 (Isopoda); Rhadinopsylla strouhali Smit, 1957 (Siphonaptera); Enallagma strouhali St. Quentin, 1962 (Odonata); Opius strouhali Fischer, 1962 (Hymoptera); Potamon strouhali Pretzmann, 1962 (Decapoda); Scythris strouhali Kasy, 1962 (Microlepidoptera); Eukoenenia spelaea strouhali Condé, 1972 (Arachnida); Cylisticus strouhali Borutzky, 1977 (Isopoda) and Littorophiloscia strouhali Taiti & Ferrara, 1991 (Isopoda). (Curator Henk K. Mienis, Tel Aviv Univ., kindly provided all this information).

Dr. Hans Ström, (25 Jan. - Borgund, Søndmøre) 1726-1797 (1 Feb. - Eiker), Norwegian clergyman, botanist, zoologist, titular professor; wrote also some essential topographical papers. I.a. he nicely described the symbiosis between the sea anemone Adamsia and hermit crabs and the anatomy of Nucella, but did not use Linnean nomenclature. [Verruca stroemia (O.F. Müller, 1776), Scalpellum stroemi M. Sars, 1859, Heterolaophonte stroemii (Baird, 1837), Aega stroemii Lütken, 1859, Terebellides stroemi M. Sars, 1835, Nymphon stroemi Krøyer, 1844-45].

The diatom name Diploneis stroemii Hustedt, 1931-59 is likely a tribute to the Norwegian algal worker Prof. Kaare Knutsson Münster Strøm, (23 July - Nord-Aurdal, Oppland) 1902-1967 (28 Feb. - Aarhus, Denmark, when working as guest professor there).

Dr. Jarl-Ove Strömberg, 1936-, Swedish isopodologist. PhD in Lund. Succeded Swedmark (q.v.) as director of Kristineberg Marine Research Station [Desmosoma strombergi Svavarsson, 1987].

Count Harald Fredrik Georg Strömfelt, (Västra Husby, Östergötland) 1861-1890 (Stockholm), Swedish algologist, who e.g. in 1888 published " Algae Novae ad litora Scandinaviae indagavit. - Notarsia 3:5-8". He lived unmarried.

Ischnochiton stroemfelti Bergenhayn, 1931 and Hydatina stroemfelti Odhner, 1931 are honouring N.H. Odhner's (q.v.) travelling companion to Canary Islands in 1930, count C. Strömfelt, where the types were collected. This person must have been count Carl Haraldsson Strömfelt, (6 June - Västra Husby) 1862-19??, likely a brother of H.F.G. Strömfelt (above), who had served mainly as a diplomat, i.a. in Madrid. He became a count in Sep. 1900, when his father died and also had another brother, born in 1863, who was a baron and major.

Charles Stuart, 1802-1877, Englishman, who moved to Australia and collected botany in Tasmania for botanists (algae for W.H. Harvey (q.v.)) [Areschougia stuartii Harv.].

Lacking information about Stuart in the gastropod name Boreotrophon stuarti (E.A. Smith, 1880).

Prof. Dr. Théophil Studer, (27 Nov. - Bern) 1845-1922 (12 Feb. - Bern), who achieved his MD in 1873 in Bern on the development of feathers, reported on the Alcyonarians of the Challenger expedition and from cruises with Hirondelle as well as on crustaceans and echinoderms from the German circumnavigation with Gazelle 1874-76, in which he took part [Didemnum studeri Hartmeyer,1911, Studeria Duncan, 1889, Studereiotes Thomson & Simpson, 1909, Scalpellum (Calantica) studeri Weltner, 1922, Anasterias studeri Perrier, Henricia studeri (Perrier), Eleutherobia studeri Thomson, 1910, Crypthelia studeri Cairns, 1991, Exosphaeroma studeri Vanhöffen, 1914, Cladiella studeri Tixier-Durivault, 1944]. The Swiss theologist and malacologist Professor Samuel Emanuel Studer, 1757-1834, is a namesake. Possibly Schizaster studeri L. Agassiz, 1840, is honouring him or perhaps Prof. Bernhard Studer, (21 Aug. - Büren an der Aare) 1794-1787 (2 May - Bern), who published on Swiss geology.

Prof. Dr. Franz Ludwig Stuhlmann, (29 Oct. - Hamburg) 1863-1928 (19 Nov. - Hamburg), German zoologist, who travelled much in Africa, collecting insects, octocorals and other animals [Crambionella stuhlmanni (Chun, 1896), Ochetostoma stuhlmanni (Fischer, 1892), Gyrostoma stuhlmanni Carlgren O., 1900, Chiridota stuhlmanni Lampert, 1896, Symplegma stuhlmanni (Michaelsen, 1904)].

The arachnologist, Mrs. Kylie S. Stumkat (neé Williams), 19??-, honoured for help in making SEM photos of Dentalium stumkatae Lamprell & Healey, 1998 and other scaphopods.

The triclade genus name Stummeria Böhmig, 1908 is honouring the Austrian zoologist Dr. Rudolf Stummer von Traunfels, (13 Nov. - Wien) 1866-1961, (2 Aug. - Kranzlhofen on the Wörtherlake, Austria). He first studied zoology in Wien, later in München. before he was employed at the Univ. of Graz, where he worked on polyclades (& later also Myzostomida) under von Graf (q.v.). Also some non marine taxa, e.g. freshwater triclades, are honouring his name. (His grandson, carrying the same name, kindly provided some of this information).

Prof. Dr. Horace Wesley Stunkard, (23 Aug. - Jones County, Iowa) 1889-1989 (10 Sep.), U.S. protozoologist, nematodologist and helminthologist working for more than 50 years at the American Museum of Natural History, New York mainly on Trematoda. He became L.H. Hyman's (q.v.) biographer. [Notoporus stunkardi Ahmad, 1985].

Dr. Rudolf Sturany, (13 Apr. - Wien) 1867-1935 (27-28 Feb. - Wien), malacologist at the "Naturhistorische Hofmuseum", Wien (Vienna).

Lacking information about Sturdz in the Lucernarian name Lipkea sturdzii (Antipa, 1893), but possibly a tribute to the prime minister Dimitrie Alexandru Sturdza-Miclǎus¸anu, (10 Mar.) 1833-1914 (21 Oct.), who became the person, who during the beginning of the 20:th century agreed to money for a new building of the Natural History Museum in Bucharest or possibly a tribute to another member of the old royal Sturdza family.

Dr. Jacob W. Sturm Jr., (21 Mar. - Nürnberg) 1771-1848 (28 Nov. - Nürnberg), German entomologist and botanical engraver, who was one of the founders of the Natural History Society in Nürnberg.

JoÏef Alois Stussiner, (22 Nov. - Ljubljana) 1850-1917 (6 Oct. - Ljubljana), malacologist and entomologist.

Samuel Stutchbury, (15 Jan. - London) 1798-1859 (12 Feb. - Bristol), naturalist and geologist, who in 1825-27 took part in the Pacific Pearl Company's commercial expedition to New South Wales, undertaking biological and meteorological observations as well as collecting. After that he partly worked together with his brother Henry Rome Stutchbury, (7 Jan.) 1796-1853 (Mar.), who was a dealer in natural history specimens, and Samuel also became curator of the Bristol Philosophical Institution 1831-49. Between 1850-55 he worked as Government Geologist of New South Wales, but then went back to Bristol [Goniopora stutchburyi Wells, 1955, Chione stutchburyi Wood, 1828, Cyathophyllum stutchburyi H. Milne Edwards & Haime, 1851, Teredo stutchburyi de Blainville, 1828, Venus stutchbuii W. Woods, 1828, Octomeris stutchburii J.E. Gray, 1825]. {Picture / Ill.. London News 3/7 1852}

Peter Stuwitz, 1806-1842 (St. John's, Newfoundland), Norwegian zoologist who had studied theology in Bergen, studied marine fauna between Bergen and Trondhaim, as well as along Newfoundland and Labrador [Stegophiura stuwitzii (Lütken, 1858)].

Dr. Anton Julius Stuxberg, (12 Apr. - Bunge, Gotland) 1849-1902 (30 Nov. - Göteborg), doctor dissertation in Uppsala 1875, polar researcher and member of the staff onboard "Vega". Succeded Malm as Curator at the Zoological Museum in Göteborg (Gothenburg) in 1882, a job he kept until his death, when after a lapse of 2 years, he himself was succeded by Jägerskiöld (q.v.). Wrote i.a. a 2 volume fish book, some popular textbooks, but worked also with myriapods, crustaceans and other invertebrates [Pinnularia quadratarea var. stuxbergii (Cleve in Cleve & Grunow, 1880) Heiden in A. Schmidt Atlas, Diastylis sulcata stuxbergi Zimmer, 1926, Oncis stuxbergi (Westerlund, 1883)].

Lacking information about Stübel in the Cape Verde fish name Girella stuebeli Troschel, 1866. Possibly a tribute to Moritz Alphons Stübel, (26 July - Leipzig) 1835&endash;1904 (10 Nov. - Dresden), a German geologist / vulcanologist, who i.a. studied volcanoes in Colombia and Ecuador and made numerous botanical and entomological collections or Dr. Alfred Stübel, 18??-1???, who collected limnic molluscs in Northern South America.

Dr. Sabine Stöhr, (Germany) 196?-, ophiuroid worker at the Natural History Musem (Riksmusem), Stockholm, who started her zoological career as an entomologist. [Caprella sabineae J.M. Guerra-García & J.C. García-Gómez, 2003].

Prof. Dr. Carl Støp-Bowitz, (8 Dec.) 1913-1997 (1 Nov.), Norwegian zoologist at the Oslo University, interested in annelids, e.g. some polychaete families (Flabelligeridae, Scalibregmidae, Opheliidae and the pelagic families), published partly in Esperanto, which he began to learn at age 14.

The cave dwelling calanoid Fosshagenia suarezi Fosshagen, 2004 is a tribute to Dr. Eduardo Suárez-Morales, (26 Feb.) 1960-, at ECOSUR, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico, who together with Iliffe (q.v.) descrided the genus.

Dr. George Suckley, (New York City) 1830-1869 (30 July - New York City), US physician and naturalist, who published on the natural history of W USA (Washington, Oregon), is honoured in the shrimp name Eualus suckleyi (Stimpson, 1864) [Squalus suckleyi Girard, 1855, Catostomus sucklii Girard, 1856].

Prof. V.E. Sudarikov, 19??-, Institute of Parasitology, Moscow, Russia, is honoured in the digenean name Renicola sudarikovi Leonov, 1958.

Mr. Emmanuel Guillot de Suduiraut, (13 Sep. - Monségur (Gironde) France) 1938-, shell dealer, collector, conchologist (specialities: Mitridae and Costellariidae of which he has described several new species - partly together with Richard Salisbury, USA), and well-known diver in Lapu-Lapu City, Cebu, Philippines [Clavus suduirauti Bozzetti, 1997, Eumitra suduirauti Bozzetti, 1997, Calliostoma emmanueli Vilvens, 2000, Chilodonta suduirauti  Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006, Conus suduirauti ]. Calliostoma jackelynae Bozzetti, 1997 is named after his daughter Jackelyn Guillot de Suduiraut, (25 Oct. - Puerto Princesa, Palawan, Philippines) 1983-. Vexillum (Costellaria) vicmanoui H. Turner & M. P. Marrow, 2001 refers to "Vicmanou" which is a composition of "Vic" (nickname of Victor Pagobo, 19??-, Philippine fisherman, collector of the holotype) and "Manou" (nickname of Emmanuel Guillot de Suduiraut,, donator of the holotype). (Dr. Hans Turner, Casa La Conchiglia, Rovia, Switzerland, kindly provided some of this information & G. Poppe kindly provided one of the eponyms).

The Japanese rotiferan specialist Prof. Dr. Minoru Sudzuki, 19??-, Biology Laboratory, Nihon Daigaku, Omiya-shi, Saitama-ken, Japan, is honoured in the amoeba name Corythionella sudzukii Chardez, 1977. Sudzuki published at least between 1933-92. His wife Keiko is honoured in the limnical species Brachionus keikoa Koste, 1979.

Lacking information about Suenson in the ophiuroid name Ophiothrix suensonii Lütken, 1856, except that Suenson is a Danish (rather unusual) family name. Possibly a tribute to the Vice Admiral Edouard Suenson, (13 Apr. - København) 1805-1887 (16 May), who took part in several battles and also some collection expeditions, i.a. to the West Indies, or his relative the Commander Magnus Nicolay Suenson, (11 Mar. - København) 1802-1856 (15 Aug.), with similar merits, both likely related to the author, because both these Suenson's had mothers with maiden names Lütken.

Prof. Eduard Suess, (20 Aug. - London, as son of Austrian parents) 1831-1914 (26 Apr. -Wien), palaeontologist, geologist and malacologist.

Prof. Dr. Hisao Sugino, 1906-1992, Japanese (Osaka) platyhelminth worker.

The scleractinian name Acropora suharsonoi Wallace, 1994 was named for Mr. Suharsono, 19??-, an Indonesian diver, affiliated with the forestry, possibly identical with Dr. Suharsono, of the Indonesian Coral Reef Working Group.

Suhm : (see von Willemoës-Suhm).

Johannes Nicolaus von Suhr, 1792-1847, German? (at least publishing in German) algologist.

Lacking information about Sukarno in the scleractinian name Acropora sukarnoi Wallace, 1997, but perhaps likely a tribute to the Indonesian coral researcher N. Sukarno, 19??-.

Raymond H. Summers, (2 June) 1905-1983 (14 July), US air force officer and amateur conchologist [Purpuradusta hammondae raysummersi (Schilder, 1960), Blasicrura summersi (Schilder, 1958)].

The gastropod name Turbonilla sumneri Bartsch, 1909 is likely honouring Francis Bertody Sumner, (1 Aug. - Pomfret, Connecticut) 1874-1945 (6 Sep. - La Jolla, Cal.), Naturalist for the US Bureau of Fisheries.

Oscar Sophus Sund, (19 Apr. - Gildeskål, Nordland) 1884-1943 (30 Sep. - Selje, Sogn og Fjordane), worked for 35 years for the Norwegian Fishery Investigations. He pioneered new methods for measuring nutrients and studying fish recruitment. He was a champion of the then-new sonar locating of fish schools. Sund published over 60 papers and books, including a long review of Norwegian sea-fisheries in 1938 and a 1942 handbook for fishermen. He had a special interest (from 1913) in decapod crustaceans and revised the Eryonidea of the Challenger Expedition (q.v.). Sund was entrusted with the decapods from the Michael Sars Expedition (q.v.) of 1910; in 1920, he published an important paper on the shrimps of the North Atlantic, based on these collections. Unfortunately, Sund was killed returning from a fisheries survey when his ship was sunk in northern Norway during World War II. For a biography and a portrait, see Report of the Michael Sars North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition 5(12). He is remembered in the name of the decapod Munidopsis sundi Sivertsen & Holthuis, 1956 (Dr. D. Damkaer kindly provided this information, given to him directly from Dr. Holthuis).

Dr. Per Anders Sundberg, 1950-, Swedish zoologist, working mainly with cladistics and nemerteans. His son Jonas, 198?-, found the first specimen of the Solomon Islands nemertean Baseodiscus jonasi Strand, Hjelmgren & P. Sundberg, 2005.

Kevan Sunderland, 1956-, US paramedic and amateur conchologist of Sunrise, Florida. He and his wife Linda collected the earliest specimens of Attiliosa kevani Vokes, 1999 [Colubraria sunderlandi Petuch, 1995, Conus sunderlandi Petuch, 1987, Fusiturricula sunderlandi Petuch, 1990, Muricopsis sunderlandi Petuch, 1987 (synonym of Haustellum tryoni (Hidalgo, 1880)), Haustellum sunderlandi (Petuch, 1987), Splendrillia sunderlandi Petuch, 1987, Zafrona sunderlandi Petuch, 1987 (sensu Redfern 2001 a synonym of Z. pulchella (de Blainville, 1829)), Conus kevani Petuch, 1987, Architectonica sunderlandi Petuch, 1987, Bolma (Senobolma) sunderlandi Petuch, 1987, Polystira sunderlandi Petuch, 1987, Falsilyria sunderlandi Petuch, 1987, Voluta polypleura sunderlandi Petuch, 1987, Oliva bifasciata sunderlandi Petuch, 1987, Colubraria sunderlandi Petuch, 1995, Fusiturricula sunderlandi Petuch, 1990]. (Andrew Vik, Tampa, Florida kindly provided some of this information).

Dr. Carl Jacob Sundevall, (22 Oct. - Högestad, Skåne) 1801-1875 (2 Feb.- Stockholm), physician, zoologist and economist educated at Lund University, where he worked after a sojourn in East India in 1827-28. He worked as keeper at the vertebrate department of the Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm after returning from Gaimard's expedition to Spitsbergen in 1838. Among his friends were Liljeborg (q.v.), Bengt Fries (q.v.) and Sven Lovén (q.v.) [Cheirocratus sundevallii (Rathke, 1843), Amphicteis sundevalli Malmgren, 1866, Amphiura sundevalli (J. Müller & Troschel, 1842)].

Dr. Karl Svante Suneson, (8 July) 1904-1997 (6 Apr.), botanist from Göteborg (Gothenburg) is honoured in the nematod name Paracanthonchus sunesoni (Allgén, 1942). He was a specialist on coralline algae.

Sunniva : (see Vader).

Jacques Simon Amand Suriray, (28 July - Calvados) 1769-1846 (4 Mar. - Paris), French zoologist and physician having his medical practice in Le Havre. He was a close friend of Péron (q.v.) as well as Lesueur (q.v.) - the three of them making collections in the Le Havre area the years before Péron died - and a keen student of marine bioluminescence. In 1835 Suriray left Le Havre for Paris and began travelling in France, Switzerland, Italy and Britain, i.a. studying Alpine botany. [Lernaeenicus surriraiis de Blainville, 1822, Aurelia suriray Péron]

The diatom name Fallacia suspirii (Cholnoky, 1961) Witkowski & al. 2000 is likely not an eponym, but derived from suspiriorum = sighs.

Dr. Takeo Susuki, 19??-, Los Angeles, paleontologist [Dentiovula takeoi Cate & Azuma, 1973].

Dr. William Sutcliffe, Jr., 19??-, US biologist working at Woods Hole and at the Bermudas.

Hans Heinrich (Henry) Suter, (9 Mar. - Zürich, Switzerland) 1841-1918 (31 July - Christchurch, New Zealand), achieved a degree in chemistry at the university of his home city. Having inherited a silk company from his father, he sold this and reverted to his former work as an analytical chemist. However, in 1886 he and his family (including 7 surviving children) emigrated to New Zealand, arriving there in 1887. After having unsuccessfully tried agriculture, he worked at different scientific institutions and musea, having from childhood been interested in natural history. He collected animals of all kinds, but became specialized in molluscs and published several contributions in malacology. His "Manual of the New Zealand Mollusca", 1913-15, became a standard work on the subject. He died at his home in Christchurch, New Zealand [Dentalium suteri Emerson, 1954, Chiton suteri T. Iredale, 1910, Parvithracia suteri Finlay, 1927, Cotonopsis (Cotonopsis) suteri Jung, 1989, Kionotrochus suteri Dennant, 1906].

The late Dr. Keith Leonard Sutherland, 1916-1980, physical scientist and malacologist, provided some funding support in connection with the detection of Polyschides sutherlandi Lamprell & Healey, 1998.

Dr. Nils Eberhard Svedelius, (5 Aug. - Stockholm) 1873-1960 (2 Aug. - Uppsala), Swedish botanist, mainly algae (particularly red algae) researcher. Dissertation in 1901 in Uppsala and professor of Botany in Uppsala between 1914-38. Papenfuss published an obituary in 1961: Nils Eberhard Svedelius: A Chapter in the History of Phycology. Phycologia. 1(4):172-182.

Prof. Dr. Harald Ulrik Sverdrup, (15 Nov. - Sogndal, Norway) 1888-1957 (21 Aug. - Oslo), physical oceanographer, who had been on board "Maud" as chief scientist during 1918-25, when Roald Amundsen (q.v.) went through the Northeast Passage and in 1927, he got a position in Bergen as head of the meteorological section at the Geophysical Institute before he (between 1933-36) was director of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in California and later (until 1948) was professor at the Univ. of California. During this period, he, together with the US researchers Richard H. Fleming (q.v.) & Martin W. Johnson (q.v.) published the well-known book "The Oceans" in 1942. He also attempted an early transit under the arctic ice in explorer Hubert Wilkins' "Nautilus." The copepod Bathycalanus sverdrupi Johnson, 1958 is named for him [Porites sverdrupi Durham, 1947]. (Dr. D. Damkaer kindly added some of information above).

Prof. Vladimir Sveshnikov, 19??-1999 (15 Jan.), Russian polychaete, mollusc and plankton worker. The fossil echinoid Eopericosmus sveshnikovi Markov & Solovjev, 2001 may possibly be named for him?

Anatolij Nikolaevich Svetovidov, (3 Nov.) 1903-1985 (26 Apr.), Russian ichthyologist [Belone svetovidovi Collette & Parin, 1970, Gvozdarus svetovidovi Balushkin, 1989].

William John Swainson, (8 Oct. - London) 1789-1855 (7 Dec. - Wellington, New Zealand), English professional malacologist, ornithologist, entomologist, herpetologist , shell cabinet owner and illustrator. Grown up in Liverpool and early becoming a friend of Leach (q.v.). After the decease of his first wife Mary in 1835 and loss of assets he decided to emigrate to New Zealand (the Northern Island), which he did in 1840, where he eventually died. He was in Brazil, collecting between 1816-18 and a few year before he died, he also collected in Victoria, Australia and in Tasmania [Swainsonia Adams, 1853, Mitra swainsonii Broderip, 1836, Ocenebra swainsoni J. G. Hertlein & A. M. Strong, 1951, Strombus dilatatus swainsoni Reeve, 1850]. Also William's father John Timothy Swainson the 2:nd, (15 Sep.) 1756-1824 (23 Sep.), of Elm Grove, near Liverpool (during the end of his life - but lived in several different places before), was a shell collector (and entomology collector as well), although not professional, but a wealthy amateur, who i.a. exchanged objects with the the 2:nd duchess of Portland (q.v.) and was a British pioneer in using the dredge and trawl for obtaining marine specimens. He corresponded also with e.g. Maton (q.v.), Rackett (q.v.), Montague (q.v.) & Turton (q.v.). He was one of the 7 attending to the first "Fellows" meeting of the Linnean Society (26 Feb. 1788) and stayed as a F.L.S. during all his life and had been an Honorary Member of that society's predecessor (see also Linnaeus) [Sphenia swainsoni Turton, 1822, Nerocila swainsoni Leach, 1818]. Both father and son were personal friends of G. Humphrey (q.v.).

Dr. Jan Swammerdam, (12 Feb.) 1637-1680 (15 Feb.), Dutch physician and microscopist, discoverer of blood corpuscles, also entomologist; spent his last years with religious exercises [Atylus swammerdami (Milne-Edwards, 1830)] (Dr. D. Damkaer kindly provided the following note: I have it on the best Dutch authorities that there is "no known authentic portrait of Swammerdam.", so the link to a portrait, is likely a reconstruction after the event).

James Gilchrist Swan, (11 Jan. - Medford, Massachusetts) 1818-1900 (18 May), lawyer, judge, ethnographer and for a time, teacher in residence at Neah Bay, Washington. Documented NW Indian cultures. The Makah children helped him find shells, fossils, birds and animals, sent to the Smithsonian Institute. More than 30 species were described by P.P. Carpenter. The polyplacophoran species Mopalia (swannii ) swanii P.P. Carpenter,1864 was collected from Tatooche Island, near Neah Bay. (Dr. Rick Harbo, Canada, kindly provided this information).

E.W. Swanton, 1???-ca 1959, British Malacologist. Likely identical with Ernest William (Brockton) "Jim" Swanton, 1870-1958, Cricket specialist, museum curator and antiquary, who also published on botany.

Prof. Dr. Bertil Gregor Swedmark, (26 Mar.) 1918-1975 (1 July), Swedish marine zoologist (meiobenthos); Fil. Lic. at Uppsala in 1953, Docteur ès Sciences at Paris in 1955, curator at the Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm in 1958 and professor and head of Kristineberg Marine Research Station from 1959, when Gustafson (q.v.) retired [Swedmarkia Dragesco, 1954, Grubeosyllis swedmarki (Gidholm, 1962), Meganerilla swedmarki Boaden, 1961, Laubierpholoe swedmarki (Laubier, 1975), Pterognathia swedmarki Sterrer, 1966, Thaumastoderma swedmarki Lévi, 1950, Diplodasys swedmarki Kisielewski, 1988, Canuellopsis swedmarki Por, 1964, Halichaetonotus swedmarki Schrom, 1972, Lepidomenia swedmarki Salvini-Plawen, 1985, Tracheloraphis swedmarki Dragesco, 1960, Remanella swedmarki Dragesco, 1954, Geleia swedmarki Dragesco, 1954, likely Bertiliella Rieger & Sterrer, 1975]. See also Molander for his wife Märta.

Dr. Carl Gustaf Swenander, (18 Mar. - Skaraborgs län) 1874-1953, Swedish zoologist, PhD in 1903. He worked in Trondheim, Norway between 1901-09, but moved back to Sweden as a fisheries biologist after that period [Unciniseta swenanderi Bidenkap, 1907].

Lacking information about Swiderski, Polish researcher, in the cestodan name Dubininolepis swiderskii (Gasowska, 1932).

Robert Eaglesfield Griffith Swift, (5 July - Philadelphia) 1796-1870 (6 May - St. Thomas), son of Charles Swift and Mary Badger, amateur conchologist & businessman in Philadelphia Mining Association; worked with collections in the Caribbean area. He went to South America and in 1828 he married Belinda Fernandez, (11 Oct. - Caracas) 1811-1851 (Philadelphia), in Caracas, Venezuela, but established himself as a merchant in St. Thomas, Virgin Islands in 1831, retired to Philadelphia in 1866, but the following year was he back in St. Thomas. He had many contacts with different scientists and was considered to be a man of fine culture and was very fond of scientific pursuits. [Swiftia Duchaissaing & Michelotti, 1864, Haplocochlias swifti Vanatta, 1913, Colubraria swifti (Tryon, 1881), Corbula swiftiana C.B. Adams, 1852]. There was another Robert Swift, 1809-1885, who also was malacologist from USA.

The Indo-Pacific sponge name Theonella swinhoei Gray, 1868 must be in honour of the well-known British naturalist Robert Swinhoe, (1 Sep. - Calcutta (now known as Kalkata)) 1836-1877 (28 Oct. - England), who travelled and collected mainly birds, but also a diversity of other animals in Asia, where he worked as consul in different places.

Frank Swinnen, (24 Sep.) 1961-, owner of bakershops and malacologist from Lommel (Belgium), who devoted all his time on shells and buildt one of the most important European mollusk collections ever made [Turbonilla swinneni Penas & Rolan, 1997, Caecum swinneni Nofroni, Pizzini & Oliveiro, 1997, Odostomia franki Penas & Rolan, 1999, Mitrolumna swinneni Mifsud , 2002, Calliostoma swinneni  Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006]. (G. Poppe kindly provided some of this information).

The Los Angeles jeweller Edward Swoboda, 1917?-, collected the type material of Terebra swobodai Bratcher, 1981 along the Philippine coast.

Chr. G. Sye, 18??-1???, published in 1887 his Doctoral dissertation about anatomy and histology of Jaera at the Univ. of Kiel, Who was he? [Jaera syei Bocquet, 1950].

Ernest Ruthven Sykes, 1867-1954, British malacologist of Littlemayne, Dorset. He was a wealthy man - his family had a bank, which was one of those which amalgamated to form Barklay's - and had a "complete" malacological library except for lacking the work of Poli. His library was sold in 1947 to an antiquarian dealer [Arculus sykesi (Chaster, 1895), Clathurella sykesii Melvill & Standen, 1903, Turris ruthveniana Melvill, 1922, Leptochiton sykesi G. B. Sowerby III, 1903, Favartia sykesi (H. B. Preston, 1904), Mitra (Pusia) sykesi Melvill, 1925].

Lacking information about Sylvana in the octocoral name Leptogorgia sylvanae Stiasny, 1940.

Sylvester-Bradley : (see Bradley).

Sylvia : (see Niel Bruce).

The diatom name Navicula syvertsenii Witkowski, Metzeltin & Lange-Bertalot in Metzeltin & Witkowski, 1996 must be honouring their Norwegian colleague Dr. Erik E. Syvertsen, 19??-,.

Prof. Lothar Karl Wilhelm Szidat, (31 Dec. - Illowo, East Preussia (now Poland)) 1892-1973, parasitic plathelminth researcher, who after WW2 in 1947 moved to Argentina, is honoured in the monogenean name Ligophorus szidati Euzet & Suriano, 1977 [Linstowiella szidati (Anderson, 1944), Microphallus szidati Martorelli, 1986, trematodes: Saccocoelioides szidati (Travassos, Freitas & Kohn, 1969), Trichobilharzia szidati Neuhaus, 1952, Steganoderma szidati Viozzi, Flores &Ostrowski de Nunez, 2000, larval trematode: Cercaria szidati Anderson, 1944; copepod: Lophoura szidati Stadler, 1978; nematode: Dichelyne (Cucullanellus) szidati Timi & Sardella, 2002; leech: Megaliobdella szidati Meyer & Burreson, 1990. crustacea: Hexabathynella szidati (Noodt, 1965), cestode: Rudolphiella szidati de Pertierra & de Chambrier, 2000. - most eponyms kindly added by Prof. A. Gaevskaya, Sevastopol; pdf biography].

The diatom name Cymbellonitzschia szulczewskii Witkowski, Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin, 2000 is dedicated to Prof. Dr. Michal Szulczewski, 19??-, the Faculty of Geology, Warsaw Univ. and PhD supervisor of Witkowski.

Dr. Bjarni Sæmundsson, (15 Apr.) 1867-1940 (6 Nov.), Icelandic marine biologist [Dananemertes saemundssoni Friedrich, 1957].

Dr. Adolf Söderström, (20 Apr.) 1888-1929 (30 Oct.), a disciple of Wirén (q.v.) in Uppsala; his thesis dealt with spionids; he was known as a hot-tempered debater and was known by the nickname "Paj" (pie) among friends, because two illustrated articles in the same page in the local newspaper "Uppsala Nya Tidning" mentioned partly that the zoologist Söderström had returned after a research trip to Spitsbergen, partly that a sailor had made a burglery and stolen a pie; however the editorial staff had exchanged the pictures (according to his son Dr. Johan Söderström, (11 Dec.) 1926-2002 (18 Dec.), who became a marine botanist in Göteborg, after achieving a PhD in 1963 on Cladophora, and of course got the nickname "lillpajen", meaning the little pie) [Spiophanes soederstroemi Hartman, 1953].

The Norwegian physician Dr. Samuel Jacob Sølsberg, (22 Mar.) 1854-1891 (18 June), is honoured in the amphipod name Metopa soelsbergi Schneider, 1884 ("til vennlig erindring om doctor S.J.Sølsberg i Laurvig, i mange aar min stadige ledsager paa zoologiske udflugter" meaning "in kind recollection of Dr. S.J. Sølsberg in Laurvig, for many years my constant companion during zoological excursions" Laurvig is likely an older name for the town Larvik, where the well known ship builder Colin Archer, (22 July) 1832-1921 (3 Feb.), e.g. built the ship Fram for Frdtjof Nansen (q.v.)) (Dr. Wim Vader, Tromsö, Norway kindly provided this information).

Hans.G.Hansson